• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.202-209
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation between the effluent of a sewage treatment plant (STP) and the adjacent stream located downstream of the STP in Nakdong River. Flow and water quality data, such as BOD, COD, SS, T-N, and T-P data, for 12 STPs and adjacent downstream monitoring stations in the main stream and tributaries of Nakdong River were collected from 2012 to 2015. As a result of correlation analysis between river flow and water quality at the river water quality measurement point, COD, SS, and T-P were correlated positively with the river flow rate at 6, 8, and 6 points, respectively. As a result of analyzing the water quality of sewage treatment plant effluents and downstream streams, BOD and COD were correlated at 2 and 3 points, respectively. T-N showed a positive correlation at 9 points, and 7 of them had a strong positive correlation, indicating that sewage treatment effluent had a large effect on downstream streams. In this study, we found that the correlation between the river flow rate and the water quality factors (COD, SS, TP) was high at river water measurement points, and the sewage treatment plant effluent was correlated with the T-N value of adjacent streams.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.493-493
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation between the effluent of the sewage treatment plant (STP) and the adjacent stream located downstream of the STP in Nakdong River. The flow and water quality such as BOD, COD, SS, T-N, and T-P data for 12 STPs and adjacent downstream monitoring stations in the main stream and tributaries of Nakdong River were collected from 2012 to 2015. As a result of correlation analysis between river flow and water quality at the river water quality measurement point, COD, SS and T-P were correlated positively with river flow rate at 6, 8, and 6 points, respectively. As a result of analyzing the water quality of sewage treatment plant effluent and downstream stream, BOD and COD were correlated at 2 and 3 points, respectively. T-N showed a positive correlation at 9 points, and 7 of them had a strong positive correlation, indicating that sewage treatment effluent had a large effect on downstream streams. In this study, we found that the correlation between river flow rate and water quality factors (COD, SS, TP) was high for river water measurement points, and the sewage treatment plant effluent was correlated with the T-N value of adjacent streams.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.65-76
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• 2019

Despite the expansion of sewage treatment facilities to reduce pollutants in the tributaries of the Han River, water pollution accidents such as fish deaths continue to frequently occur. The purpose of this study was to identify the pollutant sources using water quality and stable isotope ratio (${\delta}^{15}N$, ${\delta}^{13}C$, ${\delta}^{15}N-NH_4$, ${\delta}^{15}N-NO_3$) analysis results in the three inflow tributaries (Gulpocheon (GP), Anyangcheon (AY) and Sincheon (SC)) of the Han River. Water quality was analyzed in June and October from 2013 to 2017, and the results showed that the concentrations of nutrients, such as T-N, $NO_3-N$, and T-P, were increased at GP4, AY3, SC3, and SC4, which lie downstream of sewage treatment facilities. The results of ${\delta}^{15}N$ for June 2017 indicated that the source of nitrogen was sewage or livestock excreta at GP4 and SC4, and organic fertilizers at AY3 and SC3. ${\delta}^{15}N-NO_3$ results suggested that the source of nitrogen was related to organic sewage, livestock or manure at GP4, AY3 and SC4. Therefore, GP4 and SC4 were more influenced by effluent from sewage treatment facilities than by their tributaries, AY3 and SC3 were considered to be influenced more by their tributary than effluent from sewage treatment facilities. With the results of this study, the source of contamination (sewage treatment facility effluent) of river inflow downstream of Han River could be confirmed using water quality and stable isotope ratio.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.1245-1253
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• 2012

In this study, how branches of Kumho River affect to the water quality on Kumho River was investigated. Water samples from six sampling points at Kumho River and three at each branch were taken from Dec. 2009 to Dec. 2011. As results, Namcheon affected BOD and T-P concentrations on Kumho River while Sincheon did only T-P concentrations. However, the water quality of Kumho River was improved because of Sincheon in terms of BOD and COD concentrations. This was the results from management of Sincheon wastewater treatment facility and Jisan wastewater treatment facility which might be the best example for managing wastewater treatment facilities. Dalsecheon would not affect the water quality of Kumho River although it had bad conditions of water quality because of lack of its water quantity comparing to Kumho River's.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Health Society Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.26.2-39
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• 2002

Tan-Sui River Basin covers Taipei metropolitan area of 2,726 square kilometers with more than six million residents. Since 1988, Taiwan government started to plan and construct an integrated sewerage system, consisted by both separated and concentrated trunk sewers, wastewater treatment plants and ocean outfalls. This presentation will introduce the master plan and major facilities of Tan-Sui River Basin sewerage system. Other measures to protect general water quality and the environment of adjacent river basin area of Tan-Sui River and her tributaries by Taiwan EPA will be presented as well.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.210-215
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• 2018

It is difficult to count colonial cyanobacteria Microcystis cells since the thickness of colonies is constrained by amorphous mucilage, making it impossible to estimate the number of cells. Disaggregation of Microcystis colonies into single cell is needed to improve the accuracy and precision of cell density estimation of naturally collected samples. Uultrasonic treatment method is commonly used owing to the simplicity and immediacy of the procedure. However, amplitude, frequency, and duration of ultrasonic treatment also cause cell loss during the experiment. Optimal ultrasonic treatment has not been standardized yet. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate optimal ultrasonic treatment by analyzing cell density and colony numbers. We collected colonial Microcystis from Changnyeong-Haman weir area in Nakdong River during harmful algal boom period from September to October in 2017. Ultrasonic treatment method was applied to disrupt colonies into single cells to enumerate cell density. Among treatment conditions, results from continuously treated for 100 seconds were found to be the optimum to reduce colonies to a suspension of single cell without cell losses under high and low density of Microcystis cells. Lugol iodine fixed cells followed by sonication showed less negative impact of cell damage within the optimal treatment time (100 seconds). Furthermore, disaggregated cells treated by sonication enables microscopic observation more easily since gas vacuoles were collapsed to facilitate sedimentation of cells under the counting chamber for quantitative enumeration of buoyant Microcystis cells.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.119-126
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• 2001

The key point in establishing water quality management measures is how to decide the load reduction for pollution sources. This study was performed to compare reduction methods for BOD loadings to achieve water quality standards at the end of the Yeongsan river. The target year is 2006 and 2011 and reduction methods are uniform treatment and treatment by influence rate. Using QUAL2E model, the study was performed under the conditions of establishing and non-establishing the publicly owned treatment works(POTWs). Uniform treatment which allocate the same reduction rate to pollution sources showed that all streams into the river should be applied for the reduction. However, treatment by influence rate which allocate the reduction rate by the order of influence rate showed that achieving target quality might be possible with a few streams for the reduction. But total amount of load reduction of streams was not significantly different from two methods.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.101-119
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• 2000

In order to establish water quality management planning in some watershed, water quality of the future of the watershed should be predicted first. The Yongsan river various pollutant sources ; sewage, industry, livestock, farming and so on. And pollutants from these sources are likely to increase even though a number of publicly owned treatment works(POTWs) are founded. Therefore, it is estimated that water quality if the river would be even worse than now in near future. In this study, water quality of the future(2001, 2006) on the Yongsan river was simulated with QUAL2E model. Concentration of three water quality parameters(BOD, T-N, T-P) was predicted according to dry season, low flow season, average flow season of the river with and without POTWs. The results of this study showed the significant contrast in concentration between with and without POTWs, specially in terms of T-N and T-P. Therefore, POTWs must be founded around the Yongsan river and more advanced treatment should be considered. And because these parameters are mostly affected by polluants from upper watershed, including Kwangiudcheon, water quality management planning on the Yongsan river might be focused on this area.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.453-460
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• 2004

The objective of this research is to develop the water quality management model to achieve the water quality goal and the minimization of the waste load abatement cost. Most of existing water quality management model can calculate BOD and DO. In addition to those variables, N and P are included in the management model of this study. With a genetic algorithm, calculation results from the mathematical water quality model can be used directly in this management model. Developed management model using genetic algorithm was applicated for the Youngsan River basin. To verify the management model, water quality and pollution source of the Youngsan River had been investigated. Treatment types and optimum treatment costs of the existing and planned WWTPs in the baisn were calculated from the model. The results of genetic algorithm indicate that Kwangju and Naju WWTP have to do the advanced treatment to achieve the water quality goal about BOD, DO and TP. Total annual treatment cost including the upgrade cost of existing WWTPs in the Youngsan River basin was about 50.3 billion Won.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.49-57
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• 2020

The effect of Combined Sewer Overflow on the river system was investigated throughout three preliminary field tests and three main ones. As a result of the study, Combined Sewer Overflow did not affect water qualities on the main stream since the concentration of the main stream did not significantly changed during rainfall events although the water quality of tributaries has rapidly deteriorated due to the influence of the Combined Sewer Overflow during rainfall events. The main cause of the result is that the flow rate of the tributaries is considerably lower than that of the main stream, so that the tributaries with deteriorated water quality during rainfall events did not significantly affect the quality of the actual main stream. Therefore, the water quality of the Kumho River is more affected by the wastewater treatment facilities that discharges water continuously to the main stream than pollutants from non-point pollution sources during rainfall events. As a result, managements for discharges from wastewater treatment facilities should be strengthened in order to improve the water quality of the river.