• 기술혁신학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.59-71
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• 2002

Risk, or exposure to uncertainty, is an inherent of risk-adjusted discount rate. It is therefore important part factor in the determination of risk-adjusted discount rate. This paper suggests the method to quantify risk and explains the process how to transfer quantified risk into incremental discount rate. The estimates of underlying risks will help determine the size of appropriate risk-adjusted discount rate with logical and scientific way when the technology valuation is made.

• 산학경영연구
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• 제16권
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• pp.123-144
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• 2003

R&D 성과이전은 좁은 의미의 기술이전 형태이다. 본 연구는 기술개발 아이디어 탐색으로부터 시장진입에 이르는 R&D 성과이전을 효과적으로 수행하는데 유용한 관리시스템의 구성을 연구하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 기술이전의 특성과 성공요소를 분석하고 실험실 연구결과를 사업화 하는 학술적 기업가의 실험실 창업프로젝트의 수명주기를 7단계로 구분하고 사례연구를 통해 위험유형을 각 단계별로 탐색하였다. 이를 바탕으로 학술적 기업가의 R&D 성과를 성공적으로 이전하기 위한 전략으로 마케팅 지향적 사고, R&D 참여 당사자간 역할 명시, 학술적 기업가의 역동적 리더십 발휘 시스템 구축, R&D 성과이전 관리시스템 구축, 그리고 프로젝트 위험관리기법의 사용 등을 제시하였다.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.259-266
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze risk factors in predicting medical patients transferred to Intensive Care Unit (ICU) on the general ward. Methods: We reviewed retrospectively clinical data of 120 medical patients on the general ward and a Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS) between ICU group and general ward group. Data were analyzed with multivariate logistic regression and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves using SPSS/WIN 18.0 program. Results: Fifty-two ICU patients and 68 general ward patients were included. In multivariate logistic regression, the MEWSs (Odds Ratio [OR], 1.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.32-2.76), sequential organ failure assessment score (OR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.10-1.72), $PaO_2/FiO_2$ ratio (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.98-0.99), and saturation (OR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.88-0.99) were predictive of ICU transfer. The sensitivity and the specificity of the MEWSs used with a cut-off value of six were 80.8% and 70.6% respectively for ICU transfer. Conclusion: These findings suggest that early prediction and treatment of patients with high risk of ICU transfer may improve the prognosis of patients.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2014

Purpose: Recent studies have reported on application of fibrin glue composed of fibrinogen and thrombin to nerve anastomosis, which can be another candidate for vessel anastomosis. However, no research regarding the risk and effectiveness of thrombin in microvascular free tissue transfer has been reported. Therefore, the aim of study is to determine the risk and effectiveness of thrombin on microvascular free tissue transfer through clinical cases. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five patients underwent free flap reconstruction for soft tissue defect or bone exposure in our institute from March 2011 to February 2014. In the group using thrombin, dissolved powder thrombin (5,000 IU/amp) was mixed with 10 mL normal saline. Saline mixed with thrombin was applied on the flap, recipient, and around vessel anastomosis. In the control group, free flap was performed using the same method, except using thrombin. We analyzed the results between the two groups. Results: All flaps survived. The group using thrombin included 14 patients and the control group included 11 patients. Hematoma was found in two cases, respectively, in each group. The group using thrombin showed lower incidence of hematoma than the control group. No difference in survival rate of the flap was observed between the thrombin group and the control group. Conclusion: Results of this study showed that use of saline mixed with thrombin in free tissue transfer may be safe and effective for prevention of hematoma formation in the recipient site.

• 기술경영경제학회:학술대회논문집
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• 기술경영경제학회 2004년도 제24회 동계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.264-287
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• 2004

The minimum royalty should have two objectives. One is to guarantee the minimum license payment and the other is to screen the eligible licensee to prevent the licensee`s strategic behavior. In the licensing contract for public-to-private technology transfer, the latter plays more important role than the former in viewpoint of the successful technology transfer and commercialization. However, the minimum royalty falls into a dilemma to increasing the risk on the part of licensee in case of failure in technology transfer and commercialization. In our study, ex-post option contract will be suggested as a risk sharing mechanism to overcome above dilemma. The ex-post option contract means the contract which the licensee has the option whether to go or not at the time of manufacturing stage. To proof the usefulness of ex-post option contract, it is shown in the study that expected utility of a licensor and a licensee can increase with a certain constraint, which depends on degree of uncertainty and licensee`s risk aversion, after introducing the ex-post option contract. In spite of this constraint, the usefulness of ex-post option contract may be highly appreciated because its constraint is quite normal case in the real world.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2000년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부 A
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• pp.208-210
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• 2000

In this paper, we present a method for mitigating the effect of voltage sag in radial power distribution systems using load transfer switching (LTS). The term of LTS is defined that the weakness load points for voltage sag transfer to the alternative source during the fault clearing practices. The sequences of proposed LTS method is divided into the search of weakness points for voltage sag using the risk assessment model and transfer behavior of weakness points. Through the case studies, we verify the effectiveness of proposed LTS method and present the searching method of effective application points of LTS method using the risk assessment model.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2020

This paper recognizes the risk of ignition of air fryer (machine that can cook fried dishes with hot air without oil) that is far exceeding the sales rate of microwave ovens, which is necessary to modern household kitchen, and identifies fire risk through the operation principle of the process of heat transfer, and the main structure of the machine. The fire test that we conducted is to observe the risk of ignition of the machine due to the damage to the safety system and the possibility of igniting oil paper along with food, to experiment with the possibility of ignition due to blockage of the exhaust due to obstacles, and accumulation of oil stains on the hot wire, and to present the method of fire control and devise countermeasures.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제10권10호
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• pp.2907-2916
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• 2009

민간투자사업은 1990년대 이후 본격화되어 주요 교통시설을 중심으로 진행되어 왔으며 2005년 이후에는 장기간 서비스를 제공하고 임대료 방식으로 사업자에게 대가를 지급하는 BTL 방식의 사업이 도입되어 학교, 군 주거시설, 하수관거 등 다양한 분야의 시설 및 서비스가 제공되고 있다. 정부 재정사업과 차별화되는 민자사업에 대해서 관련된 위험을 도출하고 그 가치를 평가, 위험 발생을 최소화하려는 제도적 노력은 부진한 편이며 특히 장기간 서비스 계약을 통해 이루어지는 BTL 사업의 경우 위험가치 평가 제도의 도입이 시급한 실정이다. 본 연구는 민자사업 성공의 주요 원인으로 알려진 영국 등의 민자사업 위험가치 평가제도를 비교 분석하고 국내 BTL 사업의 실제 사례에 대해 위험가치를 반영한 PSC(Public Sector Comparator)를 구축, 분석하였다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2001

Objectives : To elucidate the transient effects on the risk of occupational injuries as acute events and establish so alternative proposal. Methods : The study population comprised a total of 302 workers randomly selected from applications for occupational injury compensation reported to the Inchon local labor office from January 1. 1999 to December 31. A case-crossover design, where each case serves its own control, was applied to this study. Through a telephone interview, workers provided useful data concerning five job related stressful events such as company transfer, work load change, overtime work, exchange duty, and work-part transfer. They were asked whether there were stressful events within a week of the occurrence of injury and the degree of stress. Exposure status from one year prior was used as control information. In the end, the data provided by 158 of selected persons was used for the analysis based on the quality of the data provided by the participants. A conditional logistic regression was used to discover the transient effects on the risk of occupational injuries as acute events. Results : The effects a company transfer and work load change on occupational injury was statistically significant on the risk of occupational Injuries as an acute event(RR=5.5, 95% CI=2.501-12.428; RR=3.1, 95% CI=1.963-5.017, respectively). Other stressful events were found to elevate the risk factor for the occurrence of occupational jujury, but were not significant. Conclusions : Our results suggested that transient stressful events elevated the risk factor for the occurrence of occupational injury.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제29권
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• pp.143-172
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• 2006

This study focuses on the risk management of "Digital Goods" appeared with the progress of information technology(IT) in international transaction. As a result of that digital goods have a lot of uncertainty between the general goods or service which have been deal with object of international transaction broadly because digital goods hold uniqueness. In this study, the author give a definition of "Digital Goods" and make an examination of uniqueness of that in international transaction. Next, six risks are defined base on risk theory and risk analysis matrix applying risk mapping model is made. Conclusionally, risk transfer as insurance is adequate to manage business risk, security risk, credit risk and legal risk. Meanwhile, risk avoidance is adequate to manage reputation risk and market risk. But, this study have following three limits. Firstly, concerning definition of the risk, real case is not applied owing to lack of transaction data. Secondly, measuring of the risk is not based on absolute data but relative data. Lastly, suggesting way of risk management is not concrete and practical to international trader of digital goods.