• 한국안전학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2021

In the case of military supplies, any potential failure and causes of failures must be considered. This study is aimed at examining the failure modes of a rotorcraft landing system to identify the priority items. Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) is applied to the rotorcraft landing system. In general, the FMEA is used to evaluate the reliability in engineering fields. Three elements, specifically, the severity, occurrence, and detectability are used to evaluate the failure modes. The risk priority number (RPN) can be obtained by multiplying the scores or the risk levels pertaining to severity, occurrence, and detectability. In this study, different weights of the three elements are considered for the RPN assessment to implement the FMEA. Furthermore, the FMEA is implemented using a fuzzy rule base, similarity aggregation model (SAM), and grey theory model (GTM) to perform a comparative analysis. The same input data are used for all models to enable a fair comparison. The FMEA is applied to military supplies by considering methodological issues. In general, the fuzzy theory is based on a hypothesis regarding the likelihood of the conversion of the crisp value to the fuzzy input. Fuzzy FMEA is the basic method to obtain the fuzzy RPN. The three elements of the FMEA are used as five linguistic terms. The membership functions as triangular fuzzy sets are the simplest models defined by the three elements. In addition, a fuzzy set is described using a membership function mapping the elements to the intervals 0 and 1. The fuzzy rule base is designed to identify the failure modes according to the expert knowledge. The IF-THEN criterion of the fuzzy rule base is formulated to convert a fuzzy input into a fuzzy output. The total number of rules is 125 in the fuzzy rule base. The SAM expresses the judgment corresponding to the individual experiences of the experts performing FMEA as weights. Implementing the SAM is of significance when operating fuzzy sets regarding the expert opinion and can confirm the concurrence of expert opinion. The GTM can perform defuzzification to obtain a crisp value from a fuzzy membership function and determine the priorities by considering the degree of relation and the form of a matrix and weights for the severity, occurrence, and detectability. The proposed models prioritize the failure modes of the rotorcraft landing system. The conventional FMEA and fuzzy rule base can set the same priorities. SAM and GTM can set different priorities with objectivity through weight setting.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권10호
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• pp.5057-5061
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• 2012

Purpose: Chemotherapy-induced anemia (CIA) is one of the most important causes of anemia in cancer patients. This study was conducted to describe the prevalence and characteristics of CIA in solid cancer patients in the Chinese population, and to explore the relationship of white blood cell (WBC) or platelet decrease with CIA. Methods: Data on age, gender, tumor diagnosis, anti-cancer treatment and blood cell analyses were available from 220 untreated non-anemic cancer patients who received at least 2 cycles of chemotherapy, and the data were analyzed to assess their relationship with CIA or its severity. Results: 139 patients (63.2%) presented anemia, most being Grade 1 or 2. Esophageal and lung cancers were associated with a high prevalence. G3/4 leucopenia and decrease of platelets were identified as independent risk factors for the occurrence of CIA. Moreover, G3/4 leucopenia, decrease of platelet and G3/4 thrombocytopenia were found to be also associated with the severity of CIA. Cisplatin-containing regimens were a main potential factor in causing CIA, although significant association was only found on univariate analysis. Conclusion: Anemia or decrease in hematoglobin are common in Chinese cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Cisplatin-containing regimens might be an important factor influencing the occurrence of CIA. Our analysis firstly described some risk factors, such as decrease of platelets or WBCs, severity of leucopenia or thrombocytopenia, associated with the occurrence and severity of CIA.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.107-113
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• 2015

연구목적 본 연구는 자살 시도자를 대상으로 자살 생각의 심각성과 관련된 요인들을 찾아보고자 하였다. 방 법 일 대학병원 응급실에 자살 시도로 내원한 환자 중 50명을 대상으로 임상가가 면담, Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale(C-SSRS), Beck Depression Inventory(BDI), Korean Version of Mood Disorder Questionnaire(K-MDQ), Bipolar Spectrum Diagnostic Scale(BSDS)를 시행하였다. 결 과 자살 경향이 높은 고위험군은 C-SSRS의 자살 생각의 심각성 점수와 BDI 점수가 높았고(p<0.001), MDQ에서 양극성 장애 가능성의 양성으로 판정된 자는 자살생각의 심각성 점수가 높았다(p=0.033). 결 론 자살 시도자의 자살 생각의 심각성과 양극성 장애의 가능성은 서로 연관성이 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.409-418
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• 2010

Purpose: This study aimed to estimate the effects of a regular walking exercise program on metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular risk factors, and depressive symptoms among the elderly with diabetic mellitus (DM) based on the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA). Methods: This study has randomized and stratified experimental design with experimental and control groups. We developed a regular walking exercise program suitable for the elderly with DM based on the guidance of AAHPERD. The experimental group participated in the regular walking exercise program, which contains walking exercise 3 times a week and 50 minutes each time for 3 months and education on controlling diet and preventing complications once a week and 20 minutes each time for 4 weeks. Post-test was conducted after 3 months to estimate metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular risk factors, and depressive symptoms. Results: The regular walking exercise program was effective for decreasing the waist size, the level of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and triglyceride (TG), cardiovascular risk factors and the severity of depressive symptoms among the elderly with DM. Conclusion: The incidence of complications would be decreased by applying a regular walking exercise program.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.31-44
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• 1982

The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between maternal attachment and discharge against advice in high risk infants and determine the factors which affect discharge against advice. Data of this study were collected by means of reviewing the medical records of 127 in-patients who were diagnosed as high risk infants in admission and interviewing of the mothers of these patients was done by telephone. The high risk categories were neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, congenital anomaly, congenital heart disease, blood disorder, neonatal infection and birth injury. Maternal attachment was measured by deviding the subjects into 2 groups, the one the continuing treatment group and the other the discharge against advice group. Maternal attachment is determined by an interplay of maternal attitude and specific infant behaviors. Maternal attachment developes through continuous physical and psychological contact between mother and infants. Later it developes into maternal love. The results were as follows: 1. There was a significant association between maternal attachment and discharge against advice, that is, the attachment score was higher in the continuing treatment group. 2. Inspite of controlling medical insurance, severity of disease and the length of stay, it was found that there continued to be either a partially significant or fully significant relationship between maternal attachment and discharge against advice. Stepwise multiple regression revealed that maternal attachment was second in importance as a predictor of discharge against advice, which indicates that maternal attachment was a significant predictor of discharge against advice. 3. Stepwise multiple regression revealed that in 32.3％ of these cases the significant predictors of discharge against advice were length of stay, maternal attachment, delivery type, feeding type and income.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제83권2호
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• pp.147-156
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• 2020

Background: Limited studies have been performed to assess readmission following hospitalization for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in an Asian population. We evaluated the rates, reasons, and risk factors for 30-day readmission following hospitalization for CAP in the general adult population of Korea. Methods: We performed a retrospective observational study of 1,021 patients with CAP hospitalized at Yeungnam University from March 2012 to February 2014. The primary end point was all-cause hospital readmission within 30 days following discharge after the initial hospitalization. Hospital readmission was classified as pneumonia-related or pneumonia-unrelated readmission. Results: During the study period, 862 patients who survived to hospital discharge were eligible for inclusion and among them 72 (8.4%) were rehospitalized within 30 days. In the multivariable analysis, pneumonia-related readmission was associated with para/hemiplegia, malignancy, pneumonia severity index class ≥4 and clinical instability ≥1 at hospital discharge. Comorbidities such as chronic lung disease and chronic kidney disease, treatment failure, and decompensation of comorbidities were associated with the pneumonia-unrelated 30-day readmission rate. Conclusion: Rehospitalizations within 30 days following discharge were frequent among patients with CAP. The risk factors for pneumonia-related and -unrelated readmission were different. Aspiration prevention, discharge at the optimal time, and close monitoring of comorbidities may reduce the frequency of readmission among patients with CAP.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.229-236
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• 2014

Failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) is a widely used engineering tool in the fields of the design of a product or a process to improve its quality or performance by prioritizing potential failure modes in terms of three risk factors-severity, occurrence, and detection. In a classical FMEA, the risk priority number is obtained by multiplying the three values in 10 score scales which are evaluated for the three risk factors. However, the drawbacks of the classical FMEA have been mentioned by many previous researchers. As a way to overcome these difficulties, this paper suggests the ELECTRE III that is a representative technique among outranking models. Furthermore, fuzzy linguistic variables are included to deal with ambiguous and imperfect evaluation process. In addition, when the importances for the three risk factors are obtained, the entropy method is applied. The numerical example which was previously studied by Kutlu and Ekmekio$\breve{g}$lu(2012), who suggested the fuzzy TOPSIS method along with fuzzy AHP, is also adopted so as to be compared with the results of their research. Finally, after comparing the results of this study with that of Kutlu and Ekmekio$\breve{g}$lu(2012), further possible researches are mentioned.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.117-130
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• 2008

Multi-attribute risk assessments provide a useful framework for systematic quantitative risk assessment that the security manager can use to prioritize security requirements and threats. In the first step, the security managers identify the four significant outcome attributes(lost revenue, lost productivity, lost customer, and recovery cost). Next. the security manager estimates the frequency and severity(three points estimates for outcome attribute values) for each threat and rank the outcome attributes according to AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process). Finally, we generate the threat index by using muiti-attribute function and make sensitivity analysis with simulation package(Crystal Ball). In this paper, we show how multi-attribute risk analysis techniques from the field of security risk management can be used by security managers to prioritize their organization's threats and their security requirements, eventually they can derive threat index. This threat index can help security managers to decide whether their security investment is consistent with the expected risks. In addition, sensitivity analysis allows the security manager to explore the estimates to understand how they affect the selection.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제42권
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• pp.26.1-26.6
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• 2020

Background: Orofacial clefts (OFCs) comprise a wide range of malformations, including cleft lip, cleft palate, and cleft lip with cleft palate, which can vary in terms of etiology, severity, and disease burden. Objective(s): This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between various risk factors and orofacial cleft disorder spectrum in newborns. Study design: A total of 323 cases and 400 controls were enrolled in this study and evaluated in terms of the maternal history of abortion or miscarriage, child's sex, maternal and paternal age, maternal history of systemic disease, history of medication therapy during pregnancy, birth order, consanguineous marriage, and complications during pregnancy. Results: Analysis of the results suggested that consanguineous marriage, a maternal history of abortion/miscarriage, and complications during pregnancy could potentially increase the risk of OFCs in children (P < 0.05). However, the analyses revealed that the other variables could not potentially increase the risk of OFCs (P > 0.05). Conclusion(s): Multiple cofactors may simultaneously contribute to the formation of such abnormalities; therefore, a comprehensive, multidisciplinary care program is necessary to ensure a successful pregnancy period and the birth of a healthy newborn.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.221-230
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was done to examine incidence of diarrhea and explore factors influencing occurrence of diarrhea in patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU). Methods: For this retrospective research, data based on inclusion criteria were collected from the electronic medical records for 142 patients admitted to a university hospital ICU from September 2014 to August 2015. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS/WIN 22.0 program. Results: Incidence of diarrhea was 53.5% during the 12-month study period. Diarrhea occurred at 4.54 days and continued for 1.79 days on average. Average total frequency of diarrhea was 5.56 times. Increased ICU stay, enteral nutrition, and infection state were significant predictors of the occurrence of diarrhea. Infection increased risk of diarrhea 3.4 times and enteral nutrition increased risk of diarrhea to 2.2 times greater than patients not receivng enteral nutrition. Conclusion: Diarrhea in ICU patients is associated with multiple factors that should be considered to implement preventive strategies. Infection control should be emphasized, and close monitoring of diarrhea should be provided for those with enteral nutrition. Further studies are warranted to determine standardized clinical definition of diarrhea and diarrhea risk factors in ICU patients with different levels of severity and comorbidity.