• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.633-642
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• 2009

Neutropenia is defined as an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) of <$1,500/{\mu}L$, and the severity of neutropenia generally can be graded as mild ($1,000-1,500/{\mu}L$), moderate ($500-1,000/{\mu}L$), or severe (<500/$\mu{L}$). This stratification aids in predicting the risk of pyogenic infection because the susceptibility to life-threatening infections is significantly increased in patients with prolonged episodes of severe neutropenia. Especially cancer-related neutropenia carry significant mortality. Neutropenia can develop under various conditions such as decreased bone marrow production, the sequestering of neutrophils, and increased destruction of neutrophils in the peripheral blood. Neutropenia is classified according to the etiology as congenital or acquired, with the latter further defined according to the etiology or pathology. The clinical result is increased risk for infection, which is directly proportional to the severity and duration of the neutropenia. The typical workup of neutropenia starts with a 6-week period in which complete blood counts are measured twice weekly to document the persistence of the neutropenia and whether a cyclic pattern is present. When persistent neutropenia is diagnosed and no spontaneous recovery occurs within 3 months, a more extensive evaluation is advised. Treatment is usually unnecessary for most patients with severe neutropenia, as the majority of patients have a good prognosis. However, for patients who have severe and frequent infections, treatment with filgrastim may prevent infectious complications and improve quality of life.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.1601-1607
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 FMEA (Failure Mode Effect Analysis) 기법을 적용한 우편기계 유지보수 방법 제시하였다. 제안된 방법은 우편기계 모듈 및 부품에 대해 고장 유형을 정의하고, 고장 유형별 시스템에 주는 영향과 고장 빈도 및 검출도 등을 정의하여 고장 유형에 대한 시스템 위험도를 계산하여 그 값에 기반하여 점점 항목과 점검 주기를 조정하도록 하므로 시스템의 고장을 사전에 예방하고 시스템 가동율을 높이도록 하는 효율적인 유지보수 방법이다. 실제 현장에서 운영되고 있는 소형 통상 우편 구분 기계에 대해 제안된 방법의 적용 예를 보였다. 따라서 제안된 방법은 향후 국내 우편기계 유지보수에 적용시 유지보수 용이성과 효율성을 높일 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.495-504
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• 2009

As the Reliability Centered Maintenance(RCM) is being studied, maintenance tasks can be performed effectively through the Risk Priority Number(RPN) evaluation about the components in the system. The RPN is usually calculated through arithmetical operations of three values, Severity, Occurrence, and Detection for each facility. This RPN provides information that includes risk level of the facility and the priority order of maintenance tasks for facility. However, if there is no sufficient historical failure data, it is difficult to calculate the RPN. In this case, historical failure data from other sources can be used and apply this data to korean railway system. In this paper, it is proposed that a new methodology to model the failure rate as a fuzzy membership function. This method is based on failure data from other sources by means of the fuzzy theory and the expert opinion system. And considering assessment tendency of each expert, distortions that happened when the failure rate of facilities is estimated were minimized. This results determine Occurrence values of facilities. Taking advantage of this result., the RPN can be calculated with Severity and Detection of facilities by using the fuzzy operation. The proposed method is applied the rail-way power substation.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.1507-1517
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• 2017

일반적으로 정보유출사건은 외부 해커에 의해 발생된다고 생각되지만 내부자에 의한 직간접적인 정보유출사건이 더 많고 전체 유출비중의 과반 수 이상을 차지하기 때문에 내부자 유출에 대한 대비가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 일반 억제 이론과 합리적 선택 이론을 기반으로 교통심리학 분야에서 연구되었던 행동결정요인인 위험감수성과 상황불안을 통합해 연구모델을 구성하고 설문조사를 통해 실증분석 하였다. 분석 결과, 위험감수성이 지각된 처벌의 심각성 및 확실성에 미치는 영향은 통계적으로 유의미하지 않았으나, 지각된 이익, 상황불안, 지각된 처벌의 심각성 및 확실성은 정보유출의도에 영향을 주는 것으로 확인되었다.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.43-61
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• 2014

Purpose: This study identifies preventive measures for VOC management by analyzing the causes and effects of factors that contribute to high risk service failure using FMEA on KORAIL VOC data. Methods: Two research methods were used. First, a Risk Priority Number (RPN) was assigned to each KORAIL VOC based on Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA). Second, multiple regression analysis was run with RPN factors that include severity, occurrence, and detection as the independent variables and customer dissatisfaction as the dependent variable. Results: Multiple regression analysis showed that RPN factors including severity, occurrence, and detection had significantly positive relationship with customer dissatisfaction. Based on these results, an FMEA was performed on VOC categories with high RPN for railroad stations including platform, ticketing, ticket verification, parking, and escalator, and VOC categories with high RPN for trains including entrance doors, cafes, air quality, announcement, and ticket verification. Conclusion: This study has practical implications to service failure management. A priority order using FMEA was established for the list of customer dissatisfactions that should be addressed to actively manage service failure, and strategies for tackling this priority list are offered.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권11호
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• pp.253-264
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• 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed a number of restrictions on the lives of people and services, forcing them to adopt a "New Normal" way of living. Contactless technologies provide a mechanism to reduce the risk of infection, encouraging people to use touchless payment methods. The aim of this study is to develop an integrated framework based on the Health Belief Model and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology to justify the use of mobile payment during the COVID-19 pandemic in Vietnam. Based on a survey of 434 samples, the proposed conceptual model was empirically justified using structural equation modeling (SEM). This study found that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, enjoyment, perceived severity, and perceived susceptibility significantly and positively influenced behavioral intention of using contactless payment technologies. In addition, this study discovered that effort expectancy, perceived severity, and perceived susceptibility all have a positive impact on performance expectancy, while enjoyment triggered users' effort expectancy. By adding novel insights into the literature on the acceptance of technology during the pandemic, this study makes a major contribution to justifying how contactless payment technologies can reduce the risk of getting infected by COVID-19.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.139-145
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• 2018

Objective: Older persons with diabetes mellitus (DM) are particularly more likely to have fallen in the previous year than those without DM. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the risk of falls and type 2 DM in older adults who are 65 years of age or above. Design: A systematic review. Methods: PubMed and other two databases were searched up to August 2, 2018. Observational and cohort studies evaluating fall risk in people who are 65 years of age or above with DM were included. This review extracted the following information from each study selected: first author's surname, year of publication, country, average follow-up period, sex, age at enrollment, study population, measurement variables, relative risk, 95% confidence intervals and controlled variables. Results: This review involved nine cohort studies with 3,765 older adults with DM and 12,989 older adults without DM. Six studies compared with or without DM and two studies compared fallers with non-fallers with DM. Risk factors for falls included impaired cognitive function, diabetes-related complications (peripheral nerve dysfunction, visual impairment), and physical function (balance, gait velocity, muscle strength, and severity of physical activities). Conclusions: People who are 65 years of age or above with DM have increased risk of falling caused by impaired cognitive function, peripheral nerve dysfunction, visual impairment, and physical function in community-dwellers. For adults who are 65 years of age or older with DM, research fields and clinical settings should consider therapeutic approaches to improve these risk factors for falls.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.120-125
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• 2016

Usually, a risk can be expressed as a product of likelihood and consequence of a hazard factor. Therefore, conventional risk assessment is carried out by frequency analysis and severity analysis, in turns. However, it is well known that intuitive thinking is another excellent way of thinking of human beings. This study aimed to confirm whether there exist any difference in risk assessment results derived by two different procedures - intuitive and analytical. Thus, the present study showed 10 different illustrations to 30 undergraduate students. Their responses were organized as fuzzy membership functions, and summarized as risk assessments, and compared. The results were also verified with the help of statistical hypothesis testing, which showed no significant difference. On the contrary, however, similarity measure used in fuzzy set theory was not credible as anticipated. Many cases failed to satisfy statistical hypothesis even with similarity measure higher than 0.60 so that only a trend could be accepted. In addition, a subject showed a somewhat consistent logical discrepancy in his response, which implied the necessity of sincere analysis in fuzzy formulations.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.287-296
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• 2017

The Formal Safety Assessment (FSA) is a structured and systematic methodology developed by the IMO, aimed at assessing the risk of vessels and recommending the method to control intolerable risks, thereby enhancing maritime safety, including protection of life, health, the marine environment and property, by using risk analysis and cost-benefit assessment. While the FSA has mostly been applied to merchant vessels, it has rarely been applied to a DP vessel, which is one of the special purpose vessels in the offshore industry. Furthermore, most of the FSA has been conducted so far by using the Fault Tree Analysis tool, even though there are many other risk analysis tools. This study carried out the FSA for safe operation of DP vessels by using the Bayesian network, under which conditional probability was examined. This study determined the frequency and severity of DP LOP incidents reported to the IMCA from 2001 to 2010, and obtained the Risk Index by applying the Bayesian network. Then, the Risk Control Options (RCOs) were identified through an expert brainstorming and DP vessel simulations. This study recommends duplication of PRS, regardless of the DP class and PRS type and DP system specific training. Finally, this study verified that the Bayesian network and DP simulator can also serve as an effective tool for FSA implementation.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2023

Due to the spread of COVID-19, many patients with severe respiratory diseases have occurred worldwide, and accordingly, the use of mechanical ventilators has exploded. However, hospitals do not have systematic risk management, and the Medical Device Regulation also provides medical device risk management standards for manufacturers, but does not apply to devices in use. In this paper, we applied the Failure Mode Effects Analysis (FMEA) risk analysis technique based on the International Standard ISO 14971 (Medical Devices-Application of risk management to medical devices) for 85 mechanical ventilators of a specific model in use in hospitals. Failure modes and effects of each parts were investigated, and risk priority was derived through multiplication of each score by preparing criteria for severity, occurrence, and detection for each failure mode. As a result, it was confirmed that the microprocessor-based Patient Unit/Monitoring board in charge of monitoring scored the highest score with 36 points, and that reliability management is possible through systematic risk management according to priority.