• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.9-20
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• 2010

This study indicates direction on establishment of the operational plan for disaster mitigation and its implementation for maintaining business continuity of the local company of the first step, and seeks plans for maintaining their continuity through the establishment of early counter system constructed for achieving lasting safe at the any disaster. For achieving it, we investigated the standard of disaster management selected by the government called "Incident Preparedness and Operational Continuity Plan" Guideline, and investigated a guideline to be easily applied to domestic companies. And, we also studied on how to build the operational plan of disaster mitigation and apply IT techniques to A corporation. Especially, this study indicates the models of establishment of risk assessment, impact analysis, prevention and mitigation plan, response management plan for the establishment of plan among 5 main steps on "Incident Preparedness and Operational Continuity Management" Guideline. We devised the plan to activate the disaster mitigation activity throughout the country. It shows the skills to be prepared to upgrade the level of disaster response in this study.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.6 no.2 s.21
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• pp.25-35
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• 2006

Recently seismic fragility analysis method has been widely used for the seismic probabilistic risk assessment of infrastructures such as nuclear power plants, buildings and bridges because of its probabilistic characteristics. Furthermore, this technique has been applied to large-scale social systems consisted of each infrastructures by combing GIS. In this paper, the applicability of this technique to domestic infrastructural systems was studied. The transportation network was selected as one of these domestic infrastructural systems. Example studies were peformed about Changwon city. Nonlinear time history analysis, with a maximal likelihood approach were conducted to establish the fragility curves of each infrastrucures (bridges). GIS analysis was also applied to the analysis of whole infrastructural systems. The results show that it is very useful to predict seismic probabilistic risk assessment of this domestic transportation network. However, it also shows that further studies such as more suitable damage criterion to domestic structure and precise nonlinear analysis techniques should be developed to predict more precise results.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.267-275
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• 2023

Cardiotoxicity, particularly drug-induced Torsades de Pointes (TdP), is a concern in drug safety assessment. The recent establishment of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (human iPSC-CMs) has become an attractive human-based platform for predicting cardiotoxicity. Moreover, electrophysiological assessment of multiple cardiac ion channel blocks is emerging as an important parameter to recapitulate proarrhythmic cardiotoxicity. Therefore, we aimed to establish a novel in vitro multiple cardiac ion channel screening-based method using human iPSC-CMs to predict the drug-induced arrhythmogenic risk. To explain the cellular mechanisms underlying the cardiotoxicity of three representative TdP high- (sotalol), intermediate- (chlorpromazine), and low-risk (mexiletine) drugs, and their effects on the cardiac action potential (AP) waveform and voltage-gated ion channels were explored using human iPSC-CMs. In a proof-of-principle experiment, we investigated the effects of cardioactive channel inhibitors on the electrophysiological profile of human iPSC-CMs before evaluating the cardiotoxicity of these drugs. In human iPSC-CMs, sotalol prolonged the AP duration and reduced the total amplitude (TA) via selective inhibition of I_Kr and I_Na currents, which are associated with an increased risk of ventricular tachycardia TdP. In contrast, chlorpromazine did not affect the TA; however, it slightly increased AP duration via balanced inhibition of I_Kr and I_Ca currents. Moreover, mexiletine did not affect the TA, yet slightly reduced the AP duration via dominant inhibition of I_Ca currents, which are associated with a decreased risk of ventricular tachycardia TdP. Based on these results, we suggest that human iPSC-CMs can be extended to other preclinical protocols and can supplement drug safety assessments.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.31 no.6_1
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• pp.439-446
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• 2013

This paper is about assessment of soil loss in irrigation reservoir based on GIS. Natural disaster caused by soil loss whose natural incidence has been rapidly reduced due to successful tree planting campaign shows high potential risk, since the latest localized heavy rain resulted from extreme weather event and artificial land development acts as direct factors for land disaster. To prevent it, various techniques and technologies have been used to predict effect of soil loss. However, reliability of techniques and technologies to predict its effect precisely is relatively low so far because the natural disaster by soil loss is taken place by complicated interaction between possible factors and direct factors. Geospatial approach is essential to examine these interactions. In this regard, this study will provide detailed plan to improve prediction reliability for soil loss of irrigation reservoir, using GIS that has Hydrologic -Topographical parameter and digital map as its input parameters.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.27-36
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• 2018

The steel pipe manufacturing industry deals with facilities and materials. Especially thermal facilities are close to vapor cloud explosion (VCE) and may cause secondary damage to facilities because they deal with corrosive substances such as hydrofluoric acid, sulfuric acid and acid, fire, explosion, leakage etc. It is in danger. In this study, hazard identification method was conducted using HAZOP techniques and quantitative risk analysis was conducted using e-CA, a program that supports accident impact analysis. Equipment in the influence range of ERPG - 3 was determined to be a facility requiring replacement. It was decided that neutralization is necessary using slaked lime. Based on the cost of loss, We presented the proper replacement which is the timing of the dangerous facility. As a result, It was ideal to replace the facilities with 20 years of heat treatment facilities, one year of hydrofluoric acid storage tank, 20 years of sulfuric acid storage tank, and 5 years of hydrochloric acid storage tank.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.2952-2960
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• 2011

The railway safety in Koreaisthreatenedduetotherestructuring of the railway industries, introduction of the Korea Train eXpress (KTX) and electrification of the conventional lines. Many technical backgrounds are required to control railway accidents as low as reasonably practicable, such as a railway safety act, safety standards, and safety assessment infrastructures. Korean government and the Korea Railroad Research Institute (KRRI) are conducting an integrated R&D program for improvement of the railway safety, where the target is to reduce the accident fatalities by half. The program is composed of three parts; the safety system engineering and the program management, the establishment of a safety management system, and the development of techniques for assessing and preventing major railway accidents. Details of the research programs are explained in this paper, where risk is used as the major control measure.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.2048-2051
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• 2010

Almost all companies have paid much attention to the safety management ranging from maintenance to operation even at the stage of designing in order to prevent accidents, but fatal accidents continue to increase throughout the world. In particular, it is essential to systematically prevent such fatal accidents as fire, explosion or leakage of toxic gas at factories in order to not only protect the workers and neighbors but also prevent economic losses and environmental pollution. In addition, HRA may be used to detect the human errors which may cause accidents or trace back to any mistake on the part of workers. Usually, HRA technique is used in association with other risk assessment techniques. Moreover, it can serve to enumerate the human errors which may occur during operation or down-time or correct the existing system to reduce the mistakes. This work focuses on the coincidence of human error and mechanical failure for management of human error, and on some important performance shaping factors to propose a method for improving safety effectively of the process industries.

• BMB Reports
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• v.56 no.8
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• pp.426-438
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• 2023

Muscle wasting in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is an escalating issue due to the increasing global prevalence of ESRD and its significant clinical impact, including a close association with elevated mortality risk. The phenomenon of muscle wasting in ESRD, which exceeds the rate of muscle loss observed in the normal aging process, arises from multifactorial processes. This review paper aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of muscle wasting in ESRD, covering its epidemiology, underlying molecular mechanisms, and current and emerging therapeutic interventions. It delves into the assessment techniques for muscle mass and function, before exploring the intricate metabolic and molecular pathways that lead to muscle atrophy in ESRD patients. We further discuss various strategies to mitigate muscle wasting, including nutritional, pharmacological, exercise, and physical modalities intervention. This review seeks to provide a solid foundation for future research in this area, fostering a deeper understanding of muscle wasting in ESRD, and paving the way for the development of novel strategies to improve patient outcomes.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.207-215
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• 2021

A forklift is an industrial vehicle with a power-operated fork for lifting and moving heavy loads over short distances. A significant number of accidents are caused by forklifts every year. Most of them are known to be caused by the unsafe acts of workers. However, only a few studies have focused on the risks of forklift work from the perspective of human error. In addition, various methods have been developed to analyze the risk of human error, while it is hard to find studies that directly compare the effectiveness or strengths/weaknesses of those methods. This study aims to analyze risk factors related to unsafe behavior in forklift operations using two representative human error analysis techniques, i.e., .SHERPA and HE-HAZOP, and compare their advantages and disadvantages. The analysis was performed on three main forklift operations ('unloading from the truck', 'moving and loading into the storage', and 'loading on the truck'). As a result, 118 errors and 34 remedial measures were derived by SHERPA. Through HAZOP, 139 errors and 54 measures were derived. The two techniques were compared in terms of the number of results and the method of deriving errors and remedial measures, cause analysis, and risk assessment. This study might be used to reduce human error related disasters in workplaces using forklifts. In order to provide a guide for choosing an appropriate analysis method, more comparative studies on different techniques involving wide range of tasks are needed in the future.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.280-291
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• 2007

Much research has been conducted in the field of phytoremediation since the discovery of the range of plants known as hyperaccumulators. Research has focused simultaneously on elucidating the mechanism of metal(loid) accumulation and development of practical techniques to enhance accumulation efficiency. To date, it is generally understood that there are five specific mechanisms employed by hyperaccumulating plant species that are either not or under utilized by non-hyperaccumulators. These include 1) enhanced metal(loid)s uptake through the root cell, 2) enhanced translocation in plant tissue, 3) detoxification and sequestration, 4) enhanced metal availability in soil:root interface, and 5) active root foraging toward metal(loid) enriched soils. Among these mechanisms, understanding of the plant-root effect on metal(loid) dynamics and subsequent plant uptake is vital to overcome the inherit limitation of phytoremediation caused by low metal(loid) solubility in soils. Plant roots can influence the soil chemistry in the rhizosphere through changes in pH and exudation of organic compounds such as low-molecular-weight organic acids (LMWOAs) which consequently change metal(loid) solubility. The decrease in soil pH by plant release of $H^+$ results in increased metal solubility. Elevated levels of organic compounds in response to high metal soil concentrations by plant exudation may also increases metal concentration in soil solution through formation of organometallic complexes.