• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.269-280
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• 2017

Recently, in the United States, there has been short-term intensive rainfall due to El Ni?o and Rania. The Rim Fire was a wildland fire that was started in a remote canyon in Stanislaus National Forest in California. This portion of the central Sierra Nevada spans Tuolumne and Mariposa counties. This study is about estimating unsteady soil loss due to rainfall impact according to Rim Fire at California. It implies that caution needs to be taken in selecting the grid size for estimating soil loss using numerical modeling approach. Soil loss increased in all duration times before Rim fire. But it increased until 7 days and reduced or kept stable after that. Based on the 2014 average rainfall 1388 mm/yr, soil loss was estimated to be 247,518 ton/ha/yr before Rim Fire, and 9,389,937 ton/ha/yr after that.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.149-166
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• 2006

Following former study(A Study of the Perception of SoGal in the early through mid Chosun Dynasty-Focusing on "UiBangYuChi(醫方類聚)" and "DongUiBoGam(東醫寶鑑)", there were medical attainments in this study on SoGal(消渴) of "UiRimChualYo(醫林撮要) SamSoMun(三消門)". 1. SoGal(消渴) theory of "UiRimChualYo(醫林撮要) SamSoMun(三消門)" presented the lack of Bodily Liquids and Blood theory(津液 血不足論) overcoming the limits of the fire/heat theory(火熱論). 2. In the "UiRimChualYo(醫林撮要) SamSoMun(三消門)", the concept of SoGal was started to change simple symptoms into the diseases including ethology, pathology and prognosis etc. 3. In the "UiRimChualYo(醫林撮要) SamSoMun(三消門)", the prescriptions of JaEum(滋陰) were thought significantly. On the other hand the prescriptions of HuaYul(火熱) were excluded at all. 4. The use of warm herb like BuJa(附子) was showed through GaGamSinGiHwan(加 減腎氣丸) and succeeded in "DongUiBoGam" the kidney's fire(坎火衰少論) lack theory. The futuristic percetion of "UiRimChualYo(醫林撮要) SamSoMun(三消門)" influenced "DongUiBoGam(東醫寶鑑)" was able to have progress ideas about SoGal.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 1997.11a
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• pp.345-352
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• 1997

We could analyse the fire behavior using the developed software for fire safety assessment in a large space such as atrium. But Korean building law hasn't admitted the result of fire risk assessment in atrium. In the legislation fire resistant wall or shutter must be required between atrium and office rooms, That has obstructed development of building design and fire protection technique in Korea. From this point of view, we made scenarios of fire spread between atrium and office rooms, and then computed fire spread and fire phenomena using FASTLite and Breakl. In this study, we can decide that fire compartmentalization between atrium and office rooms doesn't require in Atrium building if the material and fire protection system were reliable. Consequently, Korean Fire Protection Regulations have to consider in direction of increasing freedom of building.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2022.04a
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• pp.83-84
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• 2022

In Korea, smoke control measures through NFSC 501 are proposed to reduce human casualties caused by smoke in the event of a fire. However, as a result of investigating and analyzing domestic and foreign standards, it was found that domestic regulations do not set fire source, but simply set smoke emissions by floor area or height of smoke boundary. Foreign regulations set fire source. Therefore, it is judged that it is necessary to review whether the current domestic regulations can be applied in the event of an actual building fire. So, this paper aims to identify the differences in domestic and foreign standards through investigation and analysis of related standards for fire zone smoke control system in each country and use them as basic data to improve the performance of zone smoke control system.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.450-455
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• 2008

We have carried out the test using the cone calorimeter and the smoke density chamber to evaluate the characteristics of the combustion for the car interior materials passed horizontal burning test. We have analysed many parameters related to fire hazard. These parameters are the ignition time, the heat release rate, the maximum average rate of heat emission, the flashover propensity and specific optical density. There was a significant difference in HRR and optical smoke density. The HRR was $185{\sim}446kW/m^2$ and optical smoke density was $119{\sim}1207$. Only horizontal burning test was performed to evaluate the fire hazard for the car interior materials.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.419-423
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 체계적이고 효율적인 화재관리 시스템을 구축하기에 앞서 화재의 유형을 분석하고자 강원지역을 대상으로 통계적 분석방법을 활용하였다. SPSS와 Clementine 프로그램을 이용하여 소방방재청 국가화재정보시스템의 2007년과 2008년 화재발생 자료를 대상으로 빈도분석 및 교차분석과 같은 기초통계분석을 비롯하여 의사결정트리 분석 등을 수행하였다. 결과를 살펴보면, 강원지역의 화재건수는 2006년부터 2009년까지 증가추세를 보이고 있으며, 화재유형은 50% 정도가 건축/구조물에 의한 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 화재원인으로는 부주의가 가장 높았으며, 작동기기가 발생건수가 가장 높은 발화열원인 것으로 확인되었다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.441-446
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 건축물에 화재가 발생 시, 건축용 외장재로부터 발생하는 연소가스의 독성을 분석함으로써 소방관을 비롯한 건물 재실자들에게 미치는 영향에 대해서 고찰하였다. 실험 방법은 건물의 외장재로 많이 사용되는 일반스티로폼, 강화스티로폼, 우레탄폼 그리고 유리섬유 재질의 외장재를 대상으로 NES 713 방법을 이용하였다. 실험 결과를 살펴보면, 대부분의 시료들로부터 CO, $CO_2$, HCHO, $CH_2CHCN$, $NO_x$ 등이 검출되었으며, 우레판폼의 경우, 다른 시료들과 달리 HCl과 HCN이 추가적으로 검출되었다. 하지만 대부분의 시료들로부터 검출된 독성가스들은 치사농도에는 훨씬 못미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 독성지수 값들을 살펴보면, 일반스티로폼<강화스티로폼<유리섬유<우레판폼의 순으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.99-110
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• 2023

When a fire accident accompanied by an explosion occurs, the surrounding firewalls are affected by impact and thermal loads. Damaged firewalls due to accidental loads may not fully perform their essential function. Therefore, this paper proposes an advanced methodology for evaluating the fire resistance performance of firewalls damaged by explosions. The fragments were assumed to be scattered, and fire occurred as a vehicle exploded in a large compartment of a roll-on/roll-off (RO-RO) vessel. The impact velocity of the fragments was calculated based on the TNT equivalent mass corresponding to the explosion pressure. Damage and thermal-structural response analyses of the firewall were performed using Ansys LS-DYNA code. The fire resistance reduction was analyzed in terms of the temperature difference between fire-exposed and unexposed surfaces, temperature increase rate, and reference temperature arrival time. The degree of damage and the fire resistance performance of the firewalls varied significantly depending on impact loads. When naval ships and RO-RO vessels that carry various explosive substances are designed, it is reasonable to predict that the fire resistance performance will be degraded according to the explosion characteristics of the cargo.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.397-402
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• 2008

In this study, we analyzed the ignitibility of the wooden floorings used as the finishing materials for interior with the flammability tester and the ignition point tester. Also we analyzed the limit oxygen index(LOI) using the oxygen index tester and the flame resistance of the wooden floorings. We confirmed that all of the samples had a excellent flame resistance. The ignitibility of the floorings were ranked as the material lumber>the strengthening flooring>the veneer board(1)>the veneer board(2).

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.51-52
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• 2019

Currently in domestic, it is difficult to the evacuation in fire due to the building is higher. Therefore it is necessary to evacuation safety design of building. To conduct the evacuation fire design of building, it should be done the Evacuation Safety Verification. But it is not sufficient the Study about Evacuation Safety Verification in currently domestic. Therefore in this study, we conducted the evacuation safety verification using people who they can't the evacuation themselves. The method of verification, we suggest the comparative that people who they can't the evacuation themselves and available safety evacuation time. Available safety evacuation time is determined by determined method from disaster statistics of casualties or equivalence with current standard requirement. it is doing to objectively judge of evacuation safety design validity in building.