• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.413-424
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• 2018

The study analyzed the effects of topographic structures and altitude in mountainous parks in Mt. Namsan in Gyeongju on the generation of anions. The temperature was at ridge ($9.82^{\circ}C$) > valley ($8.44^{\circ}C$), the relative humidity valley (59.01 %) > ridge (58.64 %), the solar radiation ridge ($34.40W/m^2$) > valley($14.69W/m^2$), the wind speed ridge (0.63m/s) > valley(0.37m/s), and the negative ion valley($636.81ea/cm^3$) > ridge($580.04ea/cm^3$). In the valley, the correlation with altitude was verified for the temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation, and negative ion generation in the valley. The relative humidity, solar radiation, and negative ion indicated a positive correlation while the temperature had a negative correlation. In the ridge, the correlation with altitude was verified for the temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, solar radiation, and negative ion generation. The relative humidity, solar radiation, and negative ion generation indicated a positive correlation while the temperature and wind speed had a negative correlation. The regression analysis showed the prediction equation of y=-0.006x+9.663 (x=altitude, y=temperature) in the valley and y=-0.009x+11.595 (x=altitude, y=temperature) in the ridge for the temperature, y=0.027x+53.561 (x=altitude, y=relative humidity) in the valley and y=0.008x+56.646 (x=altitude, y=relative humidity) in the ridges for the relative humidity, and y=0.027x+53.561 (x=altitude, y=negative Ion generation) in the valley and y= 0.008x+56.646 (x=altitude, y=negative Ion generation) in the ridge for the negative ion generation.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.203-224
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the stress distribution developed in supporting structures by distal extension removable partial denture with 4-types of direct retainer. The direct retainers examined were Akers clasp, RPI clasp, RPA clasp and RPL clasp in bilateral & unilateral free end case. 3-dimensional photoelastic stress analysis was used to record the isochromatic fringe patterns and to calculate the compressive stress at measuring points. The results were as follows. 1. In bilateral free end case, RPI clasp exhibited the similar stress distribution on distal and mesial alveolar crest but Akers clasp exhibited higher stress concentration on distal alveolar crest than mesial alveolar crest. 2. In bilateral free end case, RPA clasp and RPL clasp exhibited the similar stress distribution on distal and mesial alveolar crest and RPL clasp exhibited higher stress concentration on buccal alveolar crest than lingual alveolar crest. 3. Akers clasp produced high stress concentration on residual alveolar ridge distally, but RPI clasp, RPA clasp and RPL clasp produced even stress distribution on residual alveolar ridge. 4. Removable partial denture in unilateral free end case exerted higher stress on abutment tooth root apex than bilateral distal extension removable partial denture.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.97-112
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• 1985

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the stress patterns developed in supporting structures by removable partial denture with attachment retainers. The attachments tested were Dalbo(miniature) attachment, resilient Ceka attachment, rigid Ceka attachment, precision and sleeve attachment, and R.P.I. clasp as a contrast. 3-dimensional photoelastic stress analysis was used to record the isochromatic and isoclinic fringe patterns and to calculate principal stress components at measuring points. The results showed that: 1. The maximum compressive stress on residual ridge was produced under the loading point with Dalbo and resilient Ceka attachment, distal to the loading point with rigid Ceka and precision and sleeve attachment, and mesial to the loading point with R.P.I. clasp. 2. The Dalbo attachment produced the most stress on residual ridge, and the least stress on abutment teeth. and resilient Ceka attachment showed favorable stress distribution. 3. Rigid Ceka attachment produced higher compressive stress on buccal. alveolar crest, and precision and sleeve attachment produced higher compressive stress on distal alvelolar crest and mesial surface of the root apex in abutment teeth. 4. R.P.I. clasp produced higher compressive stress on mesial alveolar crest.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.53 no.10
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• pp.3449-3459
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• 2021

With the increasing availability of high-performance computing (HPC) platforms, uncertainty quantification (UQ) and sensitivity analyses (SA) can be efficiently leveraged to optimize design parameters of complex engineering problems using modeling and simulation tools. The workflow involved in such studies heavily relies on HPC resources and hence requires pre-processing and post-processing capabilities of large amounts of data along with remote submission capabilities. The NEAMS Workbench addresses all aspects of the workflows involved in these studies by relying on a user-friendly graphical user interface and a python application program interface. This paper highlights the NEAMS Workbench capabilities by presenting a semiautomated coupling scheme between Dakota and any given package integrated with the NEAMS Workbench, yielding a simplified workflow for users. This new capability is demonstrated by running a SA of a turbulent flow in a pipe using the open-source Nek5000 CFD code. A total of 54 jobs were run on a HPC platform using the remote capabilities of the NEAMS Workbench. The results demonstrate that the semiautomated coupling scheme involving Dakota can be efficiently used for UQ and SA while keeping scripting tasks to a minimum for users. All input and output files used in this work are available in https://code.ornl.gov/neams-workbench/dakota-nek5000-study.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.147-153
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• 1993

The Dalbatjae-Birobong ridge forest in Mt. Sobaek area was studied to investigate forest community structure. Twenty 20m $\times$ 25m plots were set up in the studied ridge forest along altitude of 770m to 1,410m and vegetation analysis for tree stratum of the trees above 1cm DBH was carried out. The leading dominant tree species were Pinus densiflora in the lower elevation and Quercus mongolica in the higher elevation. According to importance value and cluster analysis, the studied ridge forest was classified into four forest communities of Pinus densiflora community, Pinus densiflora-Quercus mongolica community. Quercus mongolica community and Quercus mongolica-deciduous tree species community. According to importance value of major tree species in canopy and understory, the present community type seems to continue for a relatively long time. Species diversity of Pinus densiflora community, Pinus densiflora-Quercus mongolica community, Quercus mongolica community and Quercus mongolica-deciduous tree species community were 0.6791, 0.6850, 0.5296 and 0.7136, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.741-750
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• 2014

To investigate the vegetation structure of mountain ridge from Guryongryeong to Mt. Yaksu, 22 plots ($100m^2$) installed with random sampling method were surveyed. Three groups of Quercus mongolica-Acer pseudosieboldianum community, Q. mongolica community, Cornus controversa-Q. mongolica community were classified by cluster analysis. Q. mongolica was a major woody plant species in the ridge area from Guryongryeong to Yaksusan and Carpinus cordata and C. controversa was partly occupied in some area. High positive correlations showed between Q. mongolica and Symplocos chinensis for. pilosa, Rhododendron schlippenbachii; Tilia amurensis and Tilia mandshurica, Symplocos chinensis for. pilosa; Tilia mandshurica and S. chinensis for. pilosa, R. schlippenbachii; Betula costata and Acer mono; Symplocos chinensis for. pilosa and Rhododendron schlippenbachii, and relatively high negative correlations showed between A. pseudosieboldianum and S. chinensis for. pilosa, R. schlippenbachii. Species diversity(H') of investigated groups were ranged 0.8170~1.1446 and it was lower compared to those of the ridge area of the national parks in Baekdudaegan.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.299-309
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• 2019

Purpose: To analyze the ridge profile of the anterior maxilla using cone-beam computed tomography and to assess the clinical significance of the ridge profile by performing virtual implant placement. Methods: Thirty-two cone-beam computed tomography scans of anterior maxillae were included. For each tooth, a vertical line was made along the longitudinal axis, and 3 horizontal lines at 1-, 3-, and 5-mm levels below the labial bone crest were drawn perpendicularly to the vertical reference. At these levels, the thickness of the alveolar ridge (RT), and the labial (LT) and palatal bone plate (PT) were measured. Then, virtual implant placement using standard and tapered implants was performed. A generalized linear mixed model was used for statistical analysis. Results: The teeth were located labially based on the proportion of LT and PT with respect to RT. At the 1-mm level, the value of LT was between $1.0{\pm}0.4mm$ for central incisors and $1.3{\pm}0.6mm$ for canines. A large number of teeth had area(s) with less than 1-mm-thick labial bone between the 1- and 5-mm levels below the crest. The mean PT was generally thicker than the LT in all tooth types. The greatest mean value of labial concavity was observed for canines, compared to other tooth types. Men had a greater RT than did women, but had a comparable LT. Less apical fenestration was observed when tapered implants were used. Conclusions: Most teeth in the anterior maxilla had a thin labial bone plate, with no significant difference between sexes. Tapered implants may be advantageous for the anterior maxilla.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.111 no.1
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• pp.19-35
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• 2022

In this study, the forest vegetation structure in the Maruguem (ridge line) area from Yuksipryeong to Cheonwangbong, Baekdudaegan, was analyzed using vegetation classification, importance values, species diversity, and NMS. Data were collected using 373 quadrates in a Braun-Blanquet vegetation survey conducted from May to October 2020. Vegetation was classified into nine vegetation units, which were verified using DCA analysis. Vegetation units 1-5, which were grouped by sub-alpine region, showed high importance values, mainly for sub-alpine vegetation, such as Abies koreana, Picea jezoensis, Pinus koraiensis, and Betula ermanii. In Maruguem, which is not high above sea level, importance values for species such as Pinus densiflora and Quercus serrata were high due to the topographical characteristics of the ridge. The A. koreana community (vegetation unit 1-5), which had a relatively high average elevation, had higher species diversity compared with that of other vegetation units. According to NMS analysis, for abiotic environmental factors, there was a positive correlation between vegetation units 1, 2, 4, and 5 and elevation. Overall, this study describes all low-elevation area vegetation (P. densiflora and Lindera erythrocarpa) to high-elevation area vegetation (A. koreana and P. jezoensis) as well as the characteristics of the Baekdudaegan ridge vegetation that did not include valley vegetation.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.197-207
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• 2020

The current comparison methods with scoring systems that are used to compare visualized latent fingerprints (LF) have disadvantages. Evaluators using these methods are prone to make errors and fail to discriminate LFs correctly to notice the differences among those LFs. Therefore, a comparative and quantitative evaluation method that is capable of obtaining more objective and quantitative results is needed. Densitometric image analysis (DIA) is used in other fields as a reliable semi-quantitative comparison method. To apply DIA to LFs, the potential variables that can occur during the DIA process were tested. The visualized ridges of LFs can be compared using the concentration of dots against the background to make it possible to analyze the ridges with DIA. The variables that can be present during the DIA process include the thickness of the analysis line, the number of ridges to be taken, the number of divided zones within each of the fingerprints, and the angles of the analysis line against the ridge lines that were selected. From the analysis of the inked fingerprints and circular lines that are similar to fingerprints, the angle of the analysis lines with the ridge line was the most significant variable. The preliminary test result was applied to the comparison of LFs that were developed with the powder method and then compared with the AFIS analysis. A similar trend was found, and a more detailed and semi-quantitative comparison of the visualized LFs was possible. In the future, it is necessary to check the evaluative ability of the DIA method by analyzing the visualized LFs with other various development methods. However, DIA is currently an option that can be used as an objective comparative evaluation method during fingerprint studies with supplementary role.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.2147-2158
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• 2006

The continuous wavelet transform (CWT) has a frequency-adaptive time-frequency tiling property, which makes it popular for the analysis of dispersive elastic wave signals. However, because the time-frequency tiling of CWT is not signal-dependent, it still has some limitations in the analysis of elastic waves with spectral components that are dispersed rapidly in time. The objective of this paper is to introduce an advanced time-frequency analysis method, called the dispersion-based continuous wavelet transform (D-CWT) whose time-frequency tiling is adaptively varied according to the dispersion relation of the waves to be analyzed. In the D-CWT method, time-frequency tiling can have frequency-adaptive characteristics like CWT and adaptively rotate in the time-frequency plane depending on the local wave dispersion. Therefore, D-CWT provides higher time-frequency localization than the conventional CWT. In this work, D-CWT method is applied to the analysis of dispersive elastic waves measured in waveguide experiments and an efficient procedure to extract information on the dispersion relation hidden in a wave signal is presented. In addition, the ridge property of the present transform is investigated theoretically to show its effectiveness in analyzing highly time-varying signals. Numerical simulations and experimental results are presented to show the effectiveness of the present method.