• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.777-784
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• 2007

Purpose: For a minor degree of mandibular prognathism, mandibular anterior segmental osteotomy (ASO), usually extracting the bilateral premolars, has been performed frequently to correct malocclusion of the anterior teeth. Preoperative planning using cephalometry and a dental model is very important for such a orthognathic surgery. Depending on the specific preoperative mock surgery with the dental model, ASO, with ipsilateral unitooth extraction, is defined to be feasible and performed for ten patients. The comparisons of its preoperative and postoperative analysis of clinical photographs, dental casts, and lateral cephalograms, for soft tissue profiles, skeletal and dental relationships are described in the following, and its clinical applications are noted. Methods: From March 1, 2004, to March 31, 2006, We performed 10 mandibular ASO by extraction of ipsilateral unitooth to improve their lower facial profiles and the lip relationships. Patient age ranged from 19 to 33 years, with a mean age of 25.6 years. Two were males and eight were females. Results: All patients were satisfied with aesthetic and occlusal changes postoperatively. Significant and persistent decrease in the SNB and interincisal angle were observed in the postoperative cephalometries. The soft tissue profiles also were improved and near Ricketts's esthetic line. Other combined procedures include nine genioplasties, two rhinoplasties, and one blepharoplasty. One patient complained of transient unilateral inferior mental nerve paresthesia. There were no other significant complications or relapses throughout the follow-up period(6-20 months). Conclusion: Mandibular ASO, extracting the ipsilateral unitooth, was performed for ten patients to correct mild mandibular prognathism. The amount of setback of the mandibular anterior portion was 2 to 3 mm, and satisfactory results were obtained combined with genioplasties.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.51-72
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• 1999

교정치료의 대부분은 성장기 아동들이며 성장양태가 진단 및 치료목표와 계획, 교정치료후 나타나는 효과 등에 상당한 영향을 준다. 교정학 분야에서는 성장기 아동에서부터 성인에 이르기까지 폭넓은 연령층을 대상으로 정상적인 성장과 발육상태 여부를 판별하고 이를 근거로 비정상적인 성장변이를 치료하기 위해서 정상적인 아동들의 폭넓은 자료수집이 요구되며 그에 따른 기초연구가 필요하다. 본 연구는 $6\~16$세아동의 악안면성장에 관한 자료를 수집하고 평가하기 위한 기초연구로 연령에 따른 한국인의 성장변화의 추이를 연구하였다. 성장자료의 수집방법중 각기 다른 연령층의 소표본에서 계측되고 동일기간 동안 관찰되는 많은 소표본으로 구성되는 준종단적인 방법을 택하였다. 본 연구는 전신적으로 특기할 만한 질환이 없고 성장발육상의 장애가 없으며 교정치료를 받은 경험이 없는 총393명 (남자 223명, 여자 170명)을 준종단적인 방법으로 만 3년간 두부방사선 사진을 채득하였고, McNamara분석 및 Ricketts분석법을 이용하여 두 개저, 두개저와 상$\cdot$하악, 상$\cdot$하악골 관계, 하악골, 상$\cdot$하악 치열관계의 5부분에 대하여 각 연령의 성장량, 각 연령군 간의 성장증감관계, 남녀비교 유의성검정을 연구한 바 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 두개저에서는 Anterior Cranial Base항목에서 14, 15세군에서 남녀별 유의차를 보여 주었다. 2. 성장변화량 비교에서 Posterior Facial Height 는 $10\~11$세, $12\~13$세, $14\~15$세사이군에서 연령군간 유의차(P<0.01)를 보였고 연령증가에 따라 증가하였다. 3. Na. perpendicular to A 항목에서 여자는 $11\~12$세, 남자는 $12\~13$세로 여자에서 남자보다 급성장시기가 더 빨리 나타났으며, 상악'A'점과 하악'Pg'점의 수평계측 비교시 상악보다 하악성장이 더 크게 나타났다. 4. 두개저및 하악골에서 최대 급성장시기는 여자 $11\~12$세, 남자 $13\~14$세로 여자가 더 일찍 일어났다. 5. 상악 중절치는 연령이 증가함에 따라 더욱 순측경사되었고 하악 중절치 와 A-Pg line거리, 하악중절치 경사도가 증가되었고 10세군에서 남녀 유의한 차를 보였다.(P<0.05).

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.289-301
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• 2004

It is the purpose of this study to characterize oral symptoms and to comprehend the cause and the relapse possibility of patients with open bite. This case study examines the orthodontic treatment of a group of female patients with open bite and Angle's Class I malocclusion. A cephalograph of the patient was taken and tracing of the radiograph was completed. In addition to Bjork and Ricketts analysis, additional measurements of specific areas were taken. The occlusal plane was determined by drawing a line connecting the mesiobuccal cusp tip of the maxillary first molar and the incisal edge of the maxillary central incisors. Patients were divided into two groups depending on the relationship between the marginal ridge of the maxillayy first premolar and the drawn line. Those patients with marginal ridges above the occlusal plane were placed into Group 1, while Group 2 subjects exhibited marginal ridges lower than the occlusal plane. The common characteristics within each group and the characteristic differences between each group both prior to and after orthodontic treatment were examined, and finally, the functional oral volume of each patient was analyzed. The results of the case study were as follows: 1. An examination of the skeletal relationship and anatomical form for both Group 1 and 2 showed that all subjects exhibited hyperdivergent skeletal forms, but Group 2 subjects generally demonstrated underdevelopment of the mandible and a smaller articular angle, resulting in an anterior positioning tendency of the mandible. 2. An analysis of the maxillary arches of Group 1 subjects prior to and after orthodontic treatment showed that the antero-inferior direction had changed to an antero-superior directional tendency, while the maxillary arches of the Group 2 patients showed a trend from an antero-superior direction to an antero-inferior relationship. The mandibular arches in both groups showed a change to an antero-superior direction. 3. Functional space analysis showed that Group 2 patients exhibited a greater tendency of haying palatal planes that drop in a postero-inferior direction, resulting in a more severe open bite than their Group 1 counterparts. The results of this case study show that although patients belonging to either Group 1 or 2 exhibited few external differences in the appearance of open bite, an examination of the dental and skeletal relationships by analyzing patient cephalographs showed that patients presenting with flat maxillary occlusal planes exhibited more severe open bite relationships than patients with curved occlusal planes.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.45-54
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• 1997

본 연구의 목적은 bionator를 사용한 II급 1류 부정교합 환자의 치료후 결과를 토대로 치료전에 치료후 결과를 예측할 수 있는 항목들을 알아봄으로써 성장하는 II급 1류 부정교합을 가진 환자들의 치료에 도움을 얻는데 있다. bionator를 사용한 앵글 II급 1류 부정교합 환자 48명의 치료후 두부방사선계측사진을 통해 치료결과가 양호한 군(1군)과 치료결과가 불량한 군(2군)으로 나눈 후 양군의 치료전 측모두부방사선계측사진의 비교분석을 통해 두군 사이에 차이를 보이는 계측항목들을 알아보았고, 판별분석을 통해 다음의 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 1. 치료전 골격계측 항목으로는 ANB, facial convexity angle, AB to facial plane angle 등이, 치성계측 항목으로는 L1 to A-Pog, U1 to facial plane, L1 to facial plane 등이, 연조직 계측항목으로는 Ricketts esthetic line 상에서 상, 하순의 돌출도가 양군 사이에 유의한 차를 보였다(SAS t-test, p<0.05). 2. 판별분석을 통해 유의성있게 나타나는 항목의 순위를 본 결과 L1 to facial plane, 하순의 돌출도, ANB과 FMIA 등이 양군의 치료결과의 예측에 도움을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 3. 증감판별분석을 통해 서로 독립적이며 상관계수가 높은 3개의 변수 - L1 to facial plane, articular angle, ANB- 를 선택하였으며, 이를 토대로 판별식을 도출하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.231-238
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• 2001

This study was performed to evaluate soft tissue cephalometric norms for Korean adults which can be implemented in surgical orthodontic treatment planning using selected horizontal reference plane especially for Koreans (Male: $SN-7.5^{\circ}$, Female: $SN-9.0^{\circ}$) and a simplified analytical method. 70 males and 70 females consisting of freshmen of Yonsei University from 1996 to 1997 and students from the Dental College of Yonsei University were chosen according to clinical examination and cephalometric analysis. The samples had normal profiles, normal anteroposterior skeletal relationship(ANB angle of $0^{\circ}\;to\;4^{\circ}$ and Wits appraisal of -4.0mm to 0mm), and Class I molar and canine relationship. They had no missing or supernumerary teeth and had no experience of orthodontic or prosthetic treatment. After the selection of 15 soft tissue landmarks and the construction of horizontal and vertical reference lines, 25 measurements were taken. These consisted of vertical and horizontal linear measurements and angular measurements. The results were as follows. 1. Mean and standard deviation of the measurements were calculated in males and females. 2. Vertical measurements were comparably bigger in males than females whereas anterior facial height ratio(sN-Sn/Sn-sMe) and lower anterior facial height ratio(Sn-Stms/Stmi-sMe) showed no significant difference between sexes. 3. Most of the horizontal measurements in relation to the vertical reference line(G-perpendicular) showed no significant difference between sexes. 4. Nasofacial angle, columellar angle, nasolabial angle and facial contour angle showed no significant difference between sexes. 5. The upper and lower lip were positioned about $-1.0{\pm}2.0mm$ and $+1.0{\pm}2.0mm$ in relation to the Ricketts' esthetic line in both sexes. In this study, soft tissue cephalometric norms of Korean adults for orthognathic surgery were obtained.