• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.288-301
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• 2023

This study aims to identify benthic macroinvertebrate fauna inhabiting at the mountain valley stream (Mt. Cheonggye) in Korea and the relationship between physical environmental factors and biological indices. Benthic macroinvertebrates were collected at five locations on August 24 and October 14, 2020, and were identified as 4 phyla, 7 classes, 16 orders, 42 families, and 72 species. Dominance ranged from 0.38 to 0.59, diversity 2.81 to 3.75, richness 3.25 to 4.63, evenness 0.65 to 0.84, and %EPT (Ephemeroptera-PlecopteraTrichoptera) richness value 42% to 73%, respectively. All sites were evaluated as a very good status by mostly biological indices based on tolerance of indicator organisms in Korea. As a result of principal component analysis, biological indices are classified into species-level indices and higher cartegory-level indices according to the taxonomic level of the indicator organism considered in each index. As a result of canonical correspondence analysis, it was confirmed that current velocity was a major factor that increased species richness and classified biological indices according to taxonomic category level. Water depth was a major factor related to the community indices, and the deeper the water depth, the lower the diversity and the evenness.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.91-100
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• 2014

This research was conducted on the conservation area of Baekdudaegan, Kangwondo under the purpose of evaluating bio-diversity according to the changes of spatial scale, using GIS data and spatial filtering method. The diversity index was calculated based on the information of species of The $5^{th}$ forest type map using Shannon-weaver index (H'), evenness index ($E_i$) and richness index ($R_i$). The diversity index was analyzed and compared according to the changes of 12 spatial scales from Kernel size $3{\times}3$ to $73{\times}73$ and basin unit. As for H' and $R_i$, spatial scale increased as diversity index decreased, while $E_i$ decreases gradually. H' and $R_i$ was highest; each 1.1 and 0.6, when the Kernel size was $73{\times}73$, while $E_i$ was 0.2, the lowest. When you look at according to the basin unit, for large basin unit, 'YeongDong' region shows higher diversity index than 'YeongSeo' region. For middle basin unit, 'Gangneung Namdaecheon' region, and for small basin unit, 'Gangneung Namdaecheon' and 'Gangneung Ohbongdaem' region shows high diversity index. When you look at the relationship between diversity index and Geographic factors, H' shows positive relation to curvature and sunshine factor while shows negative to elevation, slope, hillshade, and wetness index. Also $E_i$ was similar to the relationship between H' and Geographic factor. Meanwhile, $R_i$ shows positive relationship to curvature and sunshine factor, while negative to elevation, slope, hillshade, and wetness index. macro unit diversity index evaluation was possible through the GIS data and spatial filtering, and it can be a good source for local biosphere conservation policy making.

• 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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• 한국균학회 2014년도 춘계학술대회 및 임시총회
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• pp.19-19
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• 2014

This study included the analysis of mushroom data collected from Mt. Chiak in Gangwon-do using various methods. Former studies of Korean mushrooms are limited by regional characters and there is less species diversity among the regions. This study tried to find a way for the forecast of mushroom distribution and appearance by indexes of species diversity. The indexes used in this study include the number of fungi (N), the number of species (S), similarity index (C), richness index (R1, R2), variety index (V1, V2), evenness index (E1, E2, E3, E4, E5), and dominance index (D1) to analyze variety of species diversity. Analyses of data of fungi using a multistage cluster sampling indicate that the average value of C for years was higher than the average value of C for areas. The mushrooms consisted of 208 species in 686 individuals in limited fungal collection from 2002 to 2003. One hundred thirty nine species in 393 individuals were collected in 2002, and 122 species 293 individuals were collected in 2003. The individuals collected in 2003 were smaller than 2002's individuals. Similarity, richness, and variety indexes' values of 2003 were reduced than 2002's values but dominance index of 2003 was increased than 2002's value. Generally the species diversity of the environment to evaluate the index of similarity, richness, and variety was a higher index; dominance index was lower than that of the surrounding environment, suggesting a good diversity. As a result, the occurrence of mushrooms in the surrounding environment and the various factors seem fell in 2002 compared to 2003. The majority genus of the limited fungal collection was Mycena genus in 63 individuals; the majority species was Laccaria laccata in 34 individuals. Ninety three species in 106 individuals were collected by the extended collection and the majority genus of the extended collection was Amanita genus in 17 individuals; the majority species was Amanita citrina (Schaeff.) Pers. which was found in 5 individuals. This demonstrates that periodical similarity's value was 0.159 is higher than special similarity's 0.119. This indicates that the probability of the appearance of same mushrooms in the same area in following year is higher than the probability of the appearance of same mushrooms in the surrounding area in same year. The value of coefficient of variation (CV), in which the amount of change is much or less by N is higher than the CV value by S. CV value of dominance index(D) was the highest r point among other indexes, and evenness index (E) was the lowest point among other indexes. The correlation matrix with 66 combinations between the indexes, the combinations with correlations was 46 combinations. These results revealed that indexes of R1, V2, and E1 were proper to represent species diversity of fungi based on the correlation matrix and the theory of statistical independence which means there is no or less mutual association. This research would contribute to the study about variable living creature by measuring method and in the future this would be used to figure out regulation about fungi with their correlation, values in ecosystem, develop improving new models about agricultural fungi species and numbers by investigating agricultural variable species.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.319-325
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• 2017

Marine algal flora and community structures were examined seasonally at three sites around the Shingori Nuclear Power Plant, Korea from February to November 2016. A total of 76 species were identified, including 9 green, 14 brown and 53 red algae. The greatest number of species occurred at Daesongri (51 species) followed by Sinamri (43 species) and at the discharge area (38 species) during the study period. Of the 76 seaweeds, 59 annuals and 17 warm tolerant species were recorded. Annual average biomass in dry weight varied from $168.02g/m^2$ at the discharge area to $222.53g/m^2$ at Sinamri. The coarsely branched form was the dominant functional form of seaweeds at the three sites. Seaweed community structures at the discharge site were distinguishable by decreasing species richness, biomass, species diversity index, richness index, and evenness index. The ratio of warm tolerance species and the dominance index values were remarkably higher at the discharge than those at the other sites.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.255-260
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• 2010

유기농법과 관행농법을 실시하고 있는 배추와 고추 포장에서 두 농법간의 곤충상을 비교 하였다. 유기농 배추밭에서는 총 9개목의 62종의 곤충이 채집되었으며 관행농법 지역에서는 총 6개 목 24종이 채집되었다. 고추밭의 경우도 유기농법 지역에서 곤충들이 많이 채집 되었다. 우점도 지수, 다양도 지수, 종 풍부도와 균등도 모두 유기농법지역이 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국해양바이오학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.58-65
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• 2021

In 2012, fishes caught by three-side fyke net in the coastal waters of Jedo were assessed for species composition and seasonal fluctuation in their abundance. The fish were caught at two research stations (St.) and were found to comprise 53 species, 39 families, and 9 orders. The dominant species were Takifugu niphobles, Lateolabrax maculatus, and Acanthopagrus schlegelii. To gain a measure of their biodiversity, all the species were assessed for their number, richness, diversity, evenness, and dominance. The highest and lowest number of total caught fish individuals was recorded in summer and winter, respectively. The diversity index was the highest in summer and lowest in winter. The evenness index was the highest in summer and lowest in spring. The richness index was highest in summer and lowest in winter. Furthermore, the dominance index was highest in spring and lowest in autumn.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.39-48
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• 2017

With the growing global concern about climate change, relationship between carbon stock density and tree species has become important for international climate change mitigation programmes. In this study, 150 Quadrats were laid down to assess the diversity, biomass and carbon stocks in each of the forest ranges (Barkot Range, Lachchiwala Range and Thano Range) of Dehra Dun Forest Division in Doon Valley, Western Himalaya, India. Community level carbon stock density was analyzed using Two Way Indicator Species Analysis. Species Richness and Shannon Weiner index was correlated with the carbon stocks of Doon Valley. Positive and weak relationship was found between the carbon stock density and Shannon Weiner Index, and between carbon stock density and Species Richness.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.75-80
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• 1998

Organically cultured rice fields were surveyed to compare the population density and the structure of microarthropod communities between chemically controlled and un-controlled fields. In rice fields, microarthropod communities were also compared among four treatments based on different input of fertilzer : 1)No fertilizer, 2)Chemical fertilizer(N-P2O5-K2O = 11 - 7 - 8 kg/10a, 3) Compost (5,000kg/10a), 4) Compost com-plemented with chemical N. Richness index of microarthropod communities in rice fields was greater in the chemically uncontrolled field than controlled field. Within field. the compost plot had greater value of richness index for microarthopod commuities than the non-fertilizer polt. A total of 9 aquatic insects species were identified in the water of organic farming rice field the population density was found to be higher in the compost plot than the other plot. The population of insect pests was found to be high in the late stage of plant whereas the population of insects was high in the early stage of rice plant.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.90-92
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• 2015

Biological diversity, also known as biodiversity, is an important criterion for measuring the value of an ecosystem. As biodiversity is closely related to human welfare and quality of life, many efforts to restore and maintain the biodiversity of species have been made by government agencies and non-governmental organizations, thereby drawing a substantial amount of international attention. In the fields of biological research, biodiversity is widely measured using traditional statistical indices such as the Shannon-Wiener index, species richness, evenness, and relative dominance of species. However, some biologists and ecologists have difficulty using these indices because they require advanced mathematical knowledge and computational techniques. Therefore, we developed VBioindex, a user-friendly program that is capable of measuring the Shannon-Wiener index, species richness, evenness, and relative dominance. VBioindex serves as an easy to use interface and visually represents the results in the form of a simple chart and in addition, VBioindex offers functions for long-term investigations of datasets using time-series analyses.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.62-68
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• 2015

In order to get basic data for flood plain restoration, we surveyed the woody vegetation in Korean natural rivers and analyzed the species' characteristics with regards to patterns of richness and diversity. These characteristics were higher in hard wood forests than those in soft wood forests, such as Salix spp. community. Futhermore, they were the highest in the Prunus sargentii-Pinus densiflora community(H' 1.095), and the lowest in the Carpinus laxiflora community(H' 0.118) among the hard wood forests. Species' richness diversity were the highest in the Salix gracilistyla community, but the lowest in the S. koriyangi community or S. koreensis community among the soft wood forests. With regards to the dominant index, just one community is over 0.9, 13 communities are between 0.3-0.7 and 15 communities are less than 0.3. The Salix koreensis community was the highest at 0.931, and Prunus sargentii-Pinus densiflora community was the lowest at 0.13. Species' richness and diversity was significantly correlated with tree layer coverages and degree of slope. These results mean that in order to increase plant species diversity in flood plains planted hard woody trees, such as oaks and fir, are needed to suit environmental conditions with steeper slope and lower canopy coverage.