• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.794-800
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• 1993

A lipid producing yeast was screened from leaves of Albabiscus and was identified as a Rhodotorula graminis SW 214. During the shakining incubation of 8 days at $25^{\circ}C$, the yeast produced extracellular lipids of 7.3g/l of the media. The relative concentration of carbon and nitrogen sources in the media influenced the extracellular lipid production greatly. When with nitrogen sources in the media were almost exhausted for growth of the yeast the sufficient carbon sources, the lipid production proceeded vigorously. Eight days of batch cultivation with 8% glucose, 2.5g/l of yeast extract, $KH_{2}PO_{4}(1g/l)\;MgSO_{4}\;(0.2g/l)$ and pH 6 gave maximum biomass and extracellular lipid production of 8.05g/l and 8.89g/l, respectively. The acid value, saponificatio value, the iodine value, ad the unsaponifiable matter of the extracellular lipids of Rhodotorula graminis SW 214 were 2.6, 534, 5.1 and 2.4, respectively. Lipid was constituted 75.2% triglyceride, 5.9% free fatty acid, 10.8% phospholipid, 4.9% esterified sterol and 3.3% free sterol. Major fatty acids found were 3-hydroxypentadecanoate, 3-hydroxyhexadecanate, trans-9-octadecanate, cis-9-hexadecanate (hydroxy palmitic), 15-methylhexadecanate (oleic), 18-methylno-nadecanate, octadecanate (stearic) and 3-hydroxytridecante.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.269-272
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• 1992

208 yeast strains were isolated from air at El-Minia city, Egypt. Using 22 morphologi cal and physiological merkmals, these strains were identified and assignned to eight species belonging to seven genera. Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Cryptococcus albidus were the most dominant species followed by Debaryomyces hansenii. These yeast species occurred regularly, whereas other species appeared sporadically. Rh. rubra, Saccharomyces kluyveri and Rh. aurantiaca were also isolated from the sampled air. The results of this study showed that time, hight and area of air sampling affect composition and total counts of yeast microflora in the air.

• 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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• 2014.05a
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• pp.30-30
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• 2014

We isolated various yeasts from wild flowers in main islands, Jejudo, Ulleungdo and Yokjido of Korea and their yeasts were identified by comparison of their PCR-amplified D1/D2 regions of 26S rDNA using the BLAST database. Thirty two yeast strains of fourteen species were isolated from wild flowers of Jejudo. Forty eight yeast strains of twenty two species were isolated and identified from wild flowers of Ulleungdo, Korea. Sixty yeast strains belonged to twenty five species were isolated identified from wild flowers of Yokjido in Tongyeong, Korea. Only Metschnikowia reukaufii was overlapped from the three different islands areas. Two species overlapped from Jejudo and Ulleungdo: Pichia guilliermondii, Metschnikowia reukaufii. Seven species were overlapped from Ulleungdo and Yokjido: Cryptococcus albidus, Cryptococcus laurentii, Metschnikowia reukafii, Pichia scolyti, Rhodotorula glutinis, Rhodotorula graminis and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. Four species were overlapped from Jejudo and Yokjido: Candida sp. Cryptococcus aureus, Metschnikowia reukafii and Pseudozyma sp.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.121-138
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• 1982

The present study was conducted in order to investigate the role of yeast-like fungi in bovine mastitis. Attempts were made to isolate and identify yeast-like fungi from the milk from normal udders and those with clinical or subclinical mastitis and from feces. Also incuded in the study were trials for the pathogenicity of the isolates for laboratory animals and efficacy of an anti-fungal drug for the treatment of mastitis. A total of 133 isolates of yeast-like fungi was made from milk and feces and they were identified as Candida (C.) albicans (5 isolates), C. krusei (63 isolates), C. tropicalis (27 isolates), Torulopsis (T.) glabrata (10 isolates), Rhodotourla sp. (6 isolates), Hansenula sp. (6 isolates) and Pichia sp. (1 isolate). Sixty seven strains of yeast-like fungi were isolated from the milk of 64 quarters (4.3% of quarters examined) of 55 cows (14.3% of cows examined). C. krusei, C. tropicalis, C. pseudotropicalis, C. parapsilosis and T. glabrata were isolated as the causative agents from 20 quarters (1.3% of quarters examined) with clinical mastitis. C. krusei, C. tropicalis, C. albicans, C. pseudotropicalis, T. glabrata, Rhodotorula sp. and Hansenula sp. were isolated as the causative agents from 22 quarters (1.5% quarters examined) with subclinical mastitis. C. tropicalis, C. krusei, T. glabrata and Rhodotorula sp. were isolated as the contaminants from 22 normal quarters (1.5% of quarters examined). C. krusei, C albicans, C. tropicalis, C. pseudotropicalis, C. parapsilosis, T. glabrata, Hansenula sp., Rhodotorula sp. and Pichia sp. were isolated as the contaminants from feces and all of the species except Pichia sp. were isolated from milk of the same cows at the some time. Intramammary infusion of nystatin was effective for the treatment of mastitis caused by C. albicans, C. krusei, C. tropicalis, C. pseudotoropicalis, C. parapsilosis, T. glabrata and Rhodotorula sp. C. albicans, C. krusei, C. tropicalis, C. pseudotropicalis, T. glabrata, Hamsenula sp. and Pichia sp. were pathogenic for rat but C. parapsilosis and Rhodotorula sp. were not.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.185-190
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• 1996

Some microorganisms including yeasts produce surface tension-decreasing biosurfactants. The strain G-1, the best producer of biosurfatants was isolated from the soil and identified as Rhodotorula sp., which was not discribed any report. The Rhodotorula sp. G-1 produced biosurfactant from vegetable oils, but failed to produce it from n-alkane or carbohydrate. Yeast extract was found to be more effective for the biosurfactant production as nitrogen source than any other inorganic nitrogen source. The composion of the optimal medium contained the following conponents: soybean oil 4%, glucose 2%, yeast extract 0.5%, KH$^{2}$PO$^{4}$ 0.1%, K$^{2}$HP0$^{4}$ 0.l%, MgSO$^{4}$ 5%, CaCl$^{2}$ 0.01%, NaCl 0.01%, pH 6.0. The surface tension activity was increased to 14% when, at first, the culture broth was fermented with only soybean oil as carbon sourse, and after 90 hours, feeded glucose, than that Of glucose and soybean oil added to it simultaneously. The maxium yield of the biosurfactant was about 15 g/l by after 90 hours, the feeding method of glucose.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.75-78
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• 1991

The carotenoid biosynthesis of a red oleaginous yeast, Rhodotorula glutinis was significantly changed when the yeast was grown on different carbon substrates. The highest carotenoid production was obtained on culture medium containing glucose when the carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N ratio) was adjusted to 25.7. Galactose stimulated the biosynthetic rate of torularhodin, a xanthophyll component of the yeast. With decreasing C/N ratio of the medium, significant changes of $\gamma$-carotene and torularhodin were observed such that increase in the torularhodin concentration was nearly equal to the decrease in $\gamma$-carotene. It was speculated that the nature of carbon substrate affected the metabolic rate of the cell, and accompanied by the different pattern of carotenoid accumulation in the cell.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.422-427
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• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate the antioxidant effect and properties of unfermented tea and fermented tea made with Rhodotorula yeast. The levels of crude fat and crude protein in the fermented tea were higher than those in the unfermented tea. The water-soluble phenol levels of unfermented tea and fermented tea were 912.5 and 2,445.24 ppm, respectively. The total amino acid content of fermented tea was greater than that of unfermented tea;,- the amino acid concentrations of alanine, valine, leucine, and lysine were 25.58, 24.38, 27.96, and 14.14 ${\mu}g/mL$, respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging activities of the unfermented and fermented teas were 32.14 and 41.57%, respectively; this is in contrast to 29.73% for L-ascorbic acid(150 ppm). The reducing power activity of fermented tea was 41.57%, and that of unfermented tea was 32.14%.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.11-15
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• 2008

In searching for yeast to be utilized as biocontrol agents, a single yeast strain was isolated from Camellia sinensis based on its morphological, cultural, physiological, and biochemical properties, as well as by molecular techniques. This single strain was pink to red in color and designated as strain JY-1. The effects of temperature, pH, NaCl concentration, and ethanol concentration on the growth of the JY-l strain were examined for the JY-1. Growth occurred at temperatures ranging from 20 to $35^{\circ}C$, and between pH 3.0 and 12.0, with optimal growth at $25-30^{\circ}C$ and pH 5.0. The yeast also grew in the presence of 0-2% (w/v) NaCl and 0-4% (v/v) EtOH. The isolate was further classified based on biochemical characteristics using the VITEK system. The biochemical data obtained using this system were similar to those of Rhodotorula glutinis/Rhodotorula mucilaginosa (exhibiting a 93% matching level). Molecular phylogenetic analysis based on l8S rDNA sequences indicated that the yeast represented a basidiomycetous species, and its highest degree of sequence similarity was with Rhodosporidium azoricum, strain JCM11251 (99%).

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.28-33
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• 2014

Various yeasts from wild flowers of Ulleungdo in Gyeongsangbuk-do and Yokjido in Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea were isolated and identified by comparison of nucleotide sequences for PCR-amplified D1/D2 region of 26S rDNA using BLAST. Forty eight yeast strains of twenty two species and sixty yeast strains of twenty five species were isolated from wild flowers of Ulleungdo and Yokjido, respectively. Only seven species were overlapped from the two different islands areas: Cryptococcus albidus, Cryptococcus laurentii, Metschnikowia reukafii, Pichia scolyti, Rhodotorula glutinis, Rhodotorula graminis and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. Among forty species from two different islands, other thirty three species were restricted to specific collection site suggesting that each area has distinctive yeast flora.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 1984

With 156 water samples collected from 39 locations in the Yeong San River estuary during the 12month period from March 1976 to February 1977, the seasonal distribution of yeast and the distributional pattern of yeast on salinity gradient have been investigated. An overall average number of yeast ranged from 52 to 487 viable cells (c.f.u.) per 100ml water sample. The highest count of yeast was obtained in spring while the lowest value came in summer. 933 yeast and one yeast-like fungus pertaining to 14 genera and 83 species were recovered, of which Candida were 29%, Debaryomyces 17.3%, Rhodotorula Glutinis were dominant forms in all locations as well as throughout the year. The population size of total aerobic bacteria, the amount of terrestrial imputs, and some of geographical and/or climatic factor appear to reflect the seasonal distribution of yeast as well as the composition of yeast species in an estuarine environ. Average number of yeast, species diversity, and particularly the number of fermentative and pseudomycelium-producing yeasts increased with decreasing salinity whereas nitrate-utilizing yeasts showed opposite trend, suggesting that salinity gradient can be used as a feasible detector for the distributional pattern of yeast in estuarine habitat.