• Title/Summary/Keyword: Rhizoma Atractylodis

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Quantitative Analysis of the Fifteen Constituents in Hyangso-San by LC-MS/MS (LC-MS/MS를 이용한 향소산 중 15종 성분의 정량분석)

  • Seo, Chang-Seob;Shin, Hyeun-Kyoo
    • Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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    • v.47 no.4
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    • pp.381-388
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    • 2016
  • Hyangso-san is a traditional herbal medicine that consists of the seven herbal medicines, Cyperi Rhizoma, Perillae Folium, Atractylodis Rhizoma, Citri Unshius Pericarpium, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Zingiberis Rhizoma Crudus, and Allii Fistulosi Bulbus. Hyangso-san has long been clinically used to treat the influenza, including headache, ferver, chills, and pantalgia. In this study, we were performed the simultaneous analysis of the 15 marker compounds (liquiritin apioside, liquiritin, ferulic acid, naringin, hesperidin, rosmarinic acid, liquiritigenin, kaempferol, glycyrrhizin, nobiletin, 6-gingerol, elemicin, atractylenolide III, nootkatone, and atractylenolide I) in Hyangso-san using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS). Column for the separation of the 15 ingredients was used a Waters Acquity UPLC BEH $C_{18}$ analytical column ($2.1{\times}100mm$, $1.7{\mu}m$) at $45^{\circ}C$ by using a mobile phase of 0.1% (v/v) formic acid in water and acetonitrile with gradient condition. Identifications of all analytes were performed using a Waters ACQUITY TQD LC-MS/MS system. The flow rate and injection volume were 0.3 mL/min and $2.0{\mu}L$, respectively. Correlation coefficient of the calibration curve was ${\geq}0.9958$. The values of limits of detection and quantification of the 15 components were 0.002-4.29 and 0.01-12.88 ng/mL, respectively. The result of an analysis using the established LC-MS/MS method, kaempferol and atractylenolide I were not detected, while other 13 compounds were 0.08-56.87 mg/g in lyophilized Hyangso-san sample.

As, Cd, Pb, Co, Cr Concentration and Property Evaluation in Frequently Using 16 Oriental Herbal Medicines -Mainly Average, Lowest, Highest Concentration and Percent Exceeding Value of Legal Allowance in Korean and Chinese Origines- (16종 다용한약재의 산지별 As, Cd, Pb, Co, Cr 농도 및 특성고찰 -한국과 중국산의 평균농도, 최소-최대농도와 법적 허용농도초과비율을 중심으로-)

  • Kim, Kee-Dong;Park, Hae-Mo;Seo, Yong-Chan;Lee, Sun-Dong
    • Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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    • v.16 no.3
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    • pp.167-183
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    • 2012
  • Objective : Average, lowest, highest concentration and exceeding value of legal allowance of As, Cd, Pb, Co, Cr in frequently using 16 oriental herbal medicines in korea(Astragali Radix, Ginseng, Citri Unshii Pericarpium, Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, Angelicae Gigantis Radix, Cnidii Rhizoma, Paeoniae Radix, Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, Zingiberis Rhizoma Crudus, Zizyphi Fructus, Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba, Hoelen, Dioscoreae Rhizoma, Corni Fructus, Schisandrae Fructus, Lycii Fructus) was evaluated according to their origines (korea, china) and property was also discussed according to the medicinally active part and individuals regardless origines. Method : Korean and Chinese herbal medicines were evenly sampled from corresponding country nationwide. Pre-treatment was executed according to the KFDA(Korea Food and Drug Administration) regulation and analysis was performed according to the Korean Environmental Analysis QA/QC. Result : Not much difference was observed according to their origines. However, lowest, highest and percent exceeding value of legal allowance was showed some consistent differences according to the medicinally active part and individuals. Co and Cr was can not be evaluated since their legal regulation was not established yet. Conclusion : The average concentration of As, Cd, Pb, Co, Cr in frequently using 16 oriental herbal medicines in korea showed no noticeable difference according to their origines. Regardless the origin, some consistent differences were observed according to the individuals and medicinally active parts.

Study on Development of Herbal Feed Supplement for Ducks

  • Seo, Min-Jun;Lee, Jong-Hyun;Jin, Jong-Sik;Park, Jin-Han;Lee, Jun-Ho
    • Journal of Evidence-Based Herbal Medicine
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.19-24
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    • 2009
  • GD68 is newly developed herb complex prescription. The constituent herbs of GD68 were Massa Medicata Fermentata, Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba, Poria, Zingiberis Siccatum Rhizoma, Crataegi Fructus, Saccarum Granorum, Agastachis Herba, Taraxaci Herba, Perillae Herba, Scutellariae Radix, Astragali Radix, Ginseng Radix, Houttuyniae Herba and Halloysitum Rubrum. The aim of this study was to examine feed value of GD68 in duck. The weight gain of ducks fed with supplemental GD68 high compared to those of the control. The feed intake and mortality of ducks fed with supplemental GD68 low compared to those of the control. The moisture, crude lipid and calorie content of the ducks fed GD68 were decreased, but the crude protein content of the ducks fed GD68 was increased. And we investigated the effect of GD68 on the production of cytokines in human T-cell line, MOLT-4 cells. GD68 plus concanavalin A (Con A) increased the interferon-$\gamma$ and interleukin-2 production compared with Con A alone. These results indicate that the supplemental GD68 may improve the production, meat quality and immunity of ducks.

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Comparative Study of Extraction Efficiency of Water Decoction with or Without Non-woven Fabric (전탕방법에 따른 전탕액의 추출률 비교연구 - 평위산 전탕액의 Hesperidin HPLC 분석 -)

  • Yang, Woong-Mo;Chung, Kyu-Jin;Kim, Kyung-Wook;Bae, Hyun-Su;Chang, Mun-Seog;Park, Seong-Kyu
    • The Korea Journal of Herbology
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.9-12
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    • 2010
  • Objectives : To evaluate the extraction efficiency of water decoction with or without non-woven fabric underlying comparison of the HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography) profiles of the hesperidin which is the standard of Citri Pericarpium. Methods : Pyungwisan, which is comprised of Atractylodis Rhizoma, Magnoliae Cortex, Citri Pericarpium, Glycyrrhizae Radix, Zingiberis Rhizoma, and Ziziphy Fructus, was extracted in boiling water with non-woven fabric or without non-woven fabric. Then hesperidin content was analyzed by HPLC. Results : The contents of hesperidin in the water extract of Pyungwisan which was decocted without non-woven fabric showed $219.57{\pm}2.51\;mg/g$ and $138.90{\pm}6.32\;mg/g$ in with non-woven fabric decoction. Conclusions : These results suggest that herbal decoction without non-woven fabric might increase extraction efficiency.

The immunopharmacologic study of drugs for replenishing Qi (보기약류(補氣藥類)의 면역약리학적(免疫藥理學的) 고찰(考察))

  • Lee, Young-cheol;Seo, Young Bae
    • Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.159-171
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    • 2001
  • In the result of investigating the drugs for replenishing Qi in many herbal books, we could get consistent relation in their immunopharmacologic effects as follows: 1. The effects of drugs for replenishing Qi was shown in the Shen Nong's Herbal, but its classification was natural such as trees and plants, insects and beasts, fruits, vegetables, and we think that trial about classification of drugs for replenishing Qi was accomplished in the ben-cao-jiu-zhen(本草求眞). 2. Main drugs for replenishing Qi was Gingseng Radix, Codonopsis pilosulae Radix, Astragali Radix, Atractylodis macrocephalae Rhizoma, Dioscoreae Rhizoma, Glycyrrhizae Radix. 3. Drugs for replenishing Qi commonly contain polysaccharides as much, and it was thought that they have also immunopharmacolologic effects by means of activating T and B cells, secreting cytokines, making lymphocytes, activating NK cells, increasing abilities of voracity and generating antibodies. 4. Drugs for replenishing Qi mainly replenish lung-Qi and Wei-Qi so that they have also effects of activating T and B cells, secreting cytokines, making lymphocytes, activating NK cells, increasing abilities of voracity and generating antibodies. 5. Drugs for replenishing Qi modulate content of cAMP and inhibit Na(+)-K(+) ATPase, so that they have effects of treating indistinctive pulse from Qi deficiency by means of inhibition delivery of chemical substances, activating lymphocytes. promoting contraction of myocardium.

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Development of an UPLC-DAD Method for Simultaneous Analysis of Eight Marker Compounds of Bulhwangeumjeonggi-san (UPLC-DAD를 이용한 불환금정기산의 다성분 동시분석법 개발)

  • Lee, Kyung-hee;Lamichhane, Ramakanta;Kumar, Sharma Dipak;Raj, Pandeya Prakash;Kim, Se-Gun;Jung, Hyun-Ju
    • Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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    • v.47 no.4
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    • pp.366-373
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    • 2016
  • Bulhwangeumjeonggisan (BHGJGS) is a traditional herbal formulation generally used in the treatment of cold and gastritis. BHGJGS consists of eight herbal plants; Atractylodis Rhizoma, Magnoliae Cortex, Citri Pericarpium, Glycyrrhizae Radix, Agastachis Herba, Pinelliae Rhizoma, Zingiberis Rhizoma and Zizyphi Fructus. Complete standardization of this formulation has not been done yet. So, a simple and accurate method was developed and validated using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) with Diode Array Detector (DAD) for the standardization of BHGJGS. UPLC conditions were optimized using a c18 RP-Amide column with mobile phase; 0.1% phosphate buffer and acetonitrile, detection wavelength; 210 and 325 nm. The linearities of calibration curves were acceptable ($R^2$>0.9994), and the limit of detection and quantification were within the ranges of 0.011-0.091 and $0.034-0.277{\mu}g/ml$ respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD) of intra- and inter-day precisions were under 3.61%. The RSD of repeatability was under 0.68 %. The results of recovery test were 94.4-107.9%, and the RSD were under 4.6%. The developed method was used to find the contents of standard constituents in BHGJGS mix extract powder, and two commercial formulation (A and B). The data show that the developed method was specific, sensitive, accurate, and precise for analysis of BHGJGS components.

Quality Assessment of Ijung-tang Preparations Using a HPLC Analysis (HPLC 분석법을 이용한 이중탕(理中湯) 제제의 품질평가)

  • Ha, Woo-Ram;Park, Jin-Hyung;Yun, Dong-In;Lee, Jang-Cheon;Kim, Jung-Hoon
    • The Korea Journal of Herbology
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    • v.31 no.3
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    • pp.29-35
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    • 2016
  • Objectives : Ijung-tang (IJT) is a traditional herbal formula and has been used to treat digestive diseases such as abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea. IJT consists of four herbal medicines, Ginseng radix, Atractylodis rhizoma alba, Zingiberis rhizoma, and Glycyrrhizae radix et rhizoma, containing various bioactive compounds. Quality assesment of IJT preparations was performed by analytical method for determining marker compounds.Methods : Determination of seven marker compounds in IJT preparations was quantitatively conducted by high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with a diode-array detector. The marker compounds were separated on a reversed-phase C18 column and the analytical method was successfully validated. Chemometric analysis was performed to compare IJT water extracts and commercial IJT granules.Results : Limit of detection and limit of quantification values were in the ranges of 0.093-2.649 μg/mL and 0.283-8.027 μg/mL, respectively. Precisions were 0.30-3.87% within a day and 0.23-2.35% over three consecutive days. Recoveries of the marker compounds ranged from 87.35-107.05%, with relative standard deviation (RSD) values < 6.15%. Repeatabilities were < 1.20% and < 1.71% of RSD value for retention time and absolute peak area, respectively. The results from quantitative analysis showed that the quantities of seven marker compounds of IJT samples varied, as were found in principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis.Conclusions : The analytical method developed in the present study was precise and reliable to simultaneously determine marker compounds of IJT. Therefore, it can be used for the quality assessment of IJT preparations.

Analysis of Agastache Powder to Rectify the Ki Combination for the Formula Science Common Textbook (방제학 공통교재에 수재할 곽향정기산(藿香正氣散)의 배오(配伍) 분석)

  • Shin, Soon Shik
    • Herbal Formula Science
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.16-35
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    • 2013
  • Objectives : Proposed a formula analysis standard about the individual formula which is to be put in the specific discussions in order to increase the effect of formula education at the college of Korean medicine. Methods : Examined the ingredient combination analysis written in Agastache Powder to Rectify the Ki which was put in the 27kinds of formula science book published in both Korea and China. Results : Must analyze the formula according to the existing formula. The combination of the ingredients should be analyzed into herb pairs such as seven different combinations. The effect and disease for which medicine is efficacious, should be analyzed and tabulated by Agastache Powder to Rectify the Ki. The formula should be anlayzed and schematized by the sytem of Chief, Deputy, Assistant and Envoy. The basic formula should be analyzed and schematized by the combination of formula, adding and removing the ingredients. Analyzing Agastache Powder to Rectify the Ki into the system of Chief, Deputy, Assistant and Envoy shows the following: chief herb is Agastaches Herba; deputy herb is Perillae Folium and Angelicae dahuricae Radix; assistant herb is Pinelliae Rhizoma preparatum, Magnoliae officinalis Cortex, Citri reticulatae Pericarpium, Arecae Pericarpium, Platycodi Radix, Atractylodis macrocephalae Rhizoma, Poria, and envoy herb is Glycyrrhizae Radix preparata, Zingiberis Rhizoma recens, Jujubae Fructus. Conclusions : In conclusion, it is believed that the formula education at colleges of Korean medicine would be effectively achieved if it is processed according to the standardized formula analysis and its rule about individual formula that is to be decided.

Effects of Danggi-Jakyak-San on Antiplatelet and Antihemolysis Activity of in Human blood

  • Sa, Eun-Ho;Son, Soo-Gon;Park, Won-Hwan
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.460-466
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    • 2006
  • We wondered whether the mechanisms of antiplatelet aggregation of DJS-WE were through multiple pathways. Danggijakyak-san(DJS) consisting of 6 herbes of Paeoniae Radix, Poria Cocos, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Cnidii Rhizoma, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma and Alismatis Rhizoma, is a crude mixture of a commonly used Korean herbal medicine. The water extract (DJS-WE) of DJS has been known to have an anti-platelet aggregation activity. We have reported that DJS-WE inhibited ADP-induced aggregation as well as arachidonic acid-induced aggregation of human platelet. Clinical studies on the cardiovascular effects of DJS-WE have been done in Korea. The DJS has been used as a remedy for gastrointestinal disorders (abdominal pain, dysentery), headache, amenorrhea, and postpartum hemorrhage. It has also been claimed to have a remarkable central stimulant effect, a transient hypertensive effect, and positive inotropic and chronotropic effects. In this paper, we evaluated the possible mechanisms of the antiplatelet activity of DJS-WE using human platelets. On the other hand, the role of DJS-ethanol extract on the inhibition of platelet aggregation and hemolytic effect have not yet been investigated in detail. We also used the method of activated partial thromboplastin times (APTT) for the first time to study the inhibition on platelet aggregation activity of DJS-ethanol extract. The effect of DJS-WE on hemolysis was also investigated. DJS-WE showed a high hemolysis ability on human blood.

Screening of Herbal Medicines for Synergistic Effects of Metformin and Herbal Extracts Combination in RAW 264.7 Cells (RAW 264.7 세포에서 Metformin과 병행투여 시 상승효과를 나타내는 한약재의 선별 연구)

  • Kim, Hyung-Gu;Wang, Jing-Hua;Chae, Hee-Sung;Chin, Young-Won;Choi, Han-Seok;Kim, Hojun
    • Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.13-23
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    • 2014
  • Objectives: This study was performed to evaluate the effects of Metformin and Lonicerae Flos, Agrobacterium Rhizogenes, Coptidis Rhizoma, Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba, Houttuyniae Herba extracs combinations on hypoglycemia in RAW 264.7 cells. Methods: Expressions of Sirt1, p-adenosine monophosphate-activated kinase (p-AMPK), AMPK-alpha, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)-alpha, PPAR-gamma, X-box binding protein 1 (XBP-1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interleukin (IL)-6 were analyzed by real time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting analysis. Results: The level of gene expression of Sirt1, p-AMPK, AMPK-alpha, PPAR-alpha and XBP-1 in relation to that of beta-actin were increased or decreased significantly with the Metformin and Lonicerae Flos, Agrobacterium Rhizogenes extracts combination groups. The level of gene expression of TNF-alpha and IL-6 were increased significantly with the Metformin and Houttuyniae Herba, Coptidis Rhizoma extracts combination groups. Conclusions: Metformin and Lonicerae Flos, Agrobacterium Rhizogenes extracts combination groups showed synergistic hypoglycemic effects by increasing AMPK and PPAR gene expression in RAW 264.7 cells.