• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.1391-1398
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• 2010

S전자에서 발생되는 유기성 산업폐수의 생물학적 처리인 MBR 공정의 유출수를 LCD 제조공정의 용수로 재사용하기 위하여 $32m^3/d$ 규모의 pilot-scale RO 막분리 공정을 구축하고 RO 막분리 공정의 운전압력과 투과유량에 따른 막간차압 및 CIP 주기 그리고 TOC와 전기전도도의 용질분리에 대한 영향을 분석하였다. MBR 공정의 유출수는 일반적인 처리수 재사용 수질기준을 만족하나 LCD 제조공정의 S전자 자체 재사용 용수 수질기준인 TOC<1mg/L와 전기전도도<$100{\mu}S/cm$를 만족하지 못하므로 후속 처리가 불가피하다. RO 막분리 공정의 회수율을 85%로 일정하게 유지한 상태에서 투과유량을 12.5 LMH에서 22.0 LMH로 증가시키면서 운전한 결과 모든 투과유량에서 RO 투과수는 자체 재활용 용수 수질기준을 만족하였다. 그러나 RO 막오염에 의한 막간차압이 상승되어 CIP 주기는 투과유량이 증가되면 짧아지는 효과가 나타났다. RO 막분리 공정의 최적 운전인자는 회수율 85%에서 투과유량 16.5~18.5 LMH이었으며 운전압력은 $6.7{\sim}12.4kgf/cm^2$, CIP 주기는 투과생산량/운전비에 적절한 20일~25일로 나타났다.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.387-393
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to evaluate integrated anaerobic hydrogen fermentation and membrane bioreactor (MBR) for on-site domestic wastewater treatment and resource recovery. A synthetic wastewater (COD 17,000 mg/L) was used as artificial brown water which will be discharged from urine diversion toilet and fed into a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) type anaerobic reactor with inclined plate. The effluent of anaerobic reactor mixed with real household grey water (COD 700 mg/L) was further treated by MBR for reuse. An optimum condition maintained in anaerobic reactor was HRT of 8 hrs, pH 5.5, SRT of 5 days and temperature of $37^{\circ}C$. COD removal of 98% was achieved from the overall system. Total gas production rate and hydrogen content was 4.6 L/day and 52.4% respectively. COD mass balance described the COD distribution in the system via reactor byproducts and effluent COD concentration. The results of this study asserts that, anaerobic hydrogen fermentation combined with MBR is a potent system in stabilizing waste strength and clean hydrogen recovery which could be implemented for onsite domestic wastewater treatment and reuse.

• 멤브레인
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.24-44
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• 2013

MBR 기술은 지난 20여 년 동안 처리성능과 효율성 그리고 비용절감 측면에서 빠른 속도로 발전하고 있다. 또한 안정적인 하수처리와 하수재이용관점에서 핵심기술로 널리 인식되고 있다. 본고에서는 MBR 기술의 개발과 상업적 응용에 관한 발전과정을 재조명하고 세계 시장의 전망을 제시하고자 한다. 주요 적용기술에 대해 다음 5가지 측면에서 검토하여 제시하였는데 1) MBR 기술의 진화, 2) MRBs의 상업용 기술, 3) 대용량 MBR 플랜트 설치 사례, 4) MBR 시장의 성장, 5) 기술의 발전방향 순으로 제시하였다. 마지막으로 MBRs에 대한 경제적, 환경적, 그리고 기술적 측면에서 향후 발전방향을 1) 초기투자비, 2) 처리 수질, 3) 분리막 소재/모듈, 4) MBR 장비와 공정, 5) 운영비용, 향후 6) 혐기성 MBRs 공정과 같은 차세대 기술 분야로 나누어 제시하였다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.305-314
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• 2014

A pilot plant (Q=5 $m^3/d$) study was implemented for small and medium sized personal wastewater treatment plant effluent to evaluate MBR and A/O processes utilizing self-sufficient energy composed of wind and solar energy. The removal efficiencies of BOD, SS, turbidity and color were sufficient for legal water quality standards for gray water. However, those of nitrogen and phosphorus could not meet legal regulations which suggested that further removal of those contaminants were needed for reuse of the treated water. Self-sufficient energy rate was 100 % for the pilot plant due to excessive design capacity. In this research, wind and solar energy system was applied considering geological characteristics, which significantly improved energy self-sufficiency. Substantial improvement on energy self-sufficiency can be obtained by optimized investment and operation at a full scale wastewater treatment plant.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.133-140
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• 2012

The overall performance of BNR-MBR, so-called Anoxic-Anaerobic-Aerobic Membrane Bioreactor ($A^3$-MBR), developed for nutrient removal was studied to determine the efficiencies and mechanisms under different solid retention time (SRT). The reactor was fed by synthetic high-rise building wastewater with a COD:N:P ratio of 100:10:2.5. The results showed that TKN, TN and phosphorus removal by the system was higher than 95%, 93% and 80%, respectively. Nitrogen removal in the system was related to the simultaneous nitrification-denitrification (SND) reaction which removed all nitrogen forms in aerobic condition. SND reaction in the system occurred because of the large floc size formation. Phosphorus removal in the system related to the high phosphorus content in bacterial cells and the little effects of nitrate nitrogen on phosphorus release in the anaerobic condition. Therefore, high quality of treated effluent could be achieved with the $A^3$-MBR system for various water reuse purposes.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.269-276
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• 2012

The surface characteristics and performance of PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) hollow fiber membranes have been systematically investigated at lab- and pilot-scale to assess their application to membrane-bioreactor, particularly for integrating wastewater reclamation and rainwater harvesting. The PTFE membrane expressed some surface features, such as hydrophobicity, which might enhance membrane fouling. However, lab-scale performance and cleaning experiments under various conditions demonstrated that the PTFE membrane could produce the desirable water flux with good cleaning efficiency, implying easy operation and maintenance due to superior chemical resistance of PTFE membranes. Most of effluent water qualities were met with Korean standard for discharge and reuse, except color. Color level was further reduced by blending with rainwater at 75:25 ratio. Based on the lab-scale experimental results, the pilot plant was designed and operated. Pilot operation clearly showed sTable performance with satisfactory water quality, suggesting that PTFE membrane could be applied for decentralized MBR integrated with rainwater use.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.51-61
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• 2018

In this study, effluent water was produced through Submerged Membrane Bio-Reactor(SMBR) process, which is a simple system and decomposes organic matter contained in wastewater with biological treatment process and performs solid-liquid separation, Especially, ozone oxidation treatment process is applied to effluent water containing fluorescent whitening agent, which is a trace pollutant which is not removed by biological treatment, and influences the quality of reused water. The concentration of $COD_{Cr}$ in the SMBR was $449.3mg/{\ell}-COD_{Cr}$, and the concentration of permeate water was $100.3mg/{\ell}-COD_{Cr}$. The removal efficiency was about 70.1%. The amount of ozone required for the removal of the fluorescent whitening agent in the permeated water in SMBR was $6.67g-O_3/min$, and the amount of ozone required to remove $COD_{Mn}$ relative to the permeate water was calculated to remove $0.997mg-COD_{Mn}$ for 1mg of $O_3$.