• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2016

Typically, the seat of an automotive vehicle generally includes a horizontal seat-cushion portion and a vertical seat-back portion that is operatively connected to the seat-cushion portion. The seat may include a recliner for the reclining of the seat-back portion relative to the seat-cushion portion by the seat occupant. An energy absorber or damper can also be provided for the seat-back portion. Because the recliner is configured to be released at a relatively high speed, and it results in an impact at the end of a folding stroke, the damper needs to dissipate energy as the seat back moves with respect to the seat cushion; therefore, the role of the seat damper in the automotive-seat design is important. In this paper, the mechanism of an hydraulic-type automotive-seat damper is investigated, and the torque characteristic is simulated according to the design-parameter variations such as the orifice area and the working-fluid properties.

• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.87-92
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• 2019

Rotary dampers are damping devices which provide high resistance to shaft rotation. Rotary dampers are being used in various areas to enable the gentle opening and closing of the rotation motion relative to home furniture, industry machinery and automotive parts. Rotary dampers can be installed directly at the rotating point of a various part and can achieve uniform, gentle movement which increases quality and value of products. And generally, the silicone fluid is used as the damping medium because of its stable viscous properties. The movement of these little decelerators can be achieved with a high viscosity of working fluid and throttles installed in the body of the rotary damper. The damping force can be achieved clockwise, anti-clockwise or in both directions according to the structure of the orifices or throttles. In this paper, the torque performances of the rotary damper containing air in the working fluid were studied. For this purpose, the torque characteristic of the rotary damper according to the variation of various operating conditions such as clearance of leakage, dimensions of groove orifice, content ratio of air, etc., were simulated with AMEsim software.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.98-103
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• 2010

In order to develop two-stroke free-piston hydrogen engine to obtain high thermal efficiency and low emission, backfire occurrence have to be prevented. In this research, backfire characteristics are analyzed as functions of the intake valve opening timing and compression chamber pressure under piston by using RICEM (Rapid Intake Compression Expansion Machine) that has reverse uni-flow scavenging. As the result, reverse uni-flow scavenging is advantage about back fire. but, it exists suitable intake valve opening timing and its timing become known that equivalence ratio 1 retard until the piston rises. Also, To rise chamber pressure of lower piston, this does not cause backfire occurs in equivalent ratio 0.6 observed back fire. Therefore, 2cycle hydrogen fueled free-piston engine is undesirable scavenging compression by compressing the piston.

• 오토저널
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.35-42
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• 1985

This paper describes an experimental study of the effect of injection timing on the combustion characteristics in four stroke cycle diesel engine with direct injection type combustion chamber. The effect of injection timing and compression ratio of engine on the combustion characteristics are investigated. Experimental results of combustion characteristics in cylinder show that the combustion pressure and the rate of pressure rise decrease in accordance with the retard of fuel injection timing. It is observed that the rate of pressure rise in cylinder is increased an increase in the compression ratio of engine. The effect of the fuel injection timing on the frequency of cylinder pressure brings about the same trend of the maximum rate of pressure rise in cylinder.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2015

This study is a part of the high pressure injection system development on the Turbo GDI engine in order to reduce smoke emission in case of using the low volatile(high DI) fuel which is used as normal gasoline fuel in the US market. Firstly, theoretical approach was done regarding gasoline fuel property, performance, definition of particle matters and its creation as well as problems of the high DI fuel. In this experimental study, 2L Turbo GDI engine was selected and optimized system parameter was inspected by changing fuel, fuel injection mode (single/multiple), fuel pressure, distance between injector tip and combustion chamber, start of injection, intake valve timing in engine dyno at all engine speed range with full load. In case of normal gasoline fuel, opacity was contained within 2% in all conditions. On the other hands, in case of low volatile fuel (high DI fuel), it was confirmed that the opacity was rapidly increased above 5,000 rpm at 14.5 ~ 20 MPa of fuel pressure and there were almost no differences on the opacity(smoke) between 17 MPa and 20 MPa fuel pressure. According to the SOI retard, smoke decrease tendency was observed but intake valve close timing change has almost no impact on the smoke level in this area. Consequently, smoke decrease was observed and 16% at 6000rpm respectively with injector washer ring installed. By removing injector washer to make injector tip closer to the combustion chamber, smoke decrease was observed by 46% at 5,500 rpm, 42% at 6,000 rpm. It is assumed that the fuel injection interaction with cylinder head, piston head, intake and exhaust valve is reduced so that impingement is reduced in local area.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.349-356
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• 2003

최근 산업활동의 종류가 점차 복잡해지면서 오염물질의 종류도 많아지고 있으며 오염물질의 성상도 점차 복합화하고 있다. 이런 경향은 과거 단일 물질에 의한 오염에서 점차 유기물과 중금속이 동시에 오염되는 것과 같은 혼합 오염형태가 증가하고 있는데서 인지된다. 본 연구는 유류와 중금속이 동시에 오염된 지역에서 유류분해에 따른 혐기성 환경전환이 비소의 농도와 화학종에 어떤 영향을 미치며 그 결과가 위해성과 정화작용에 어떤 영향을 미치는지를 확인하고자 하였다. 충적대수층에서 채취한 사질토양을 tetradecane으로 오염시킨 후 As(III)과 As(V)를 각각 1:1, As(III)로만 그리고 As(V)로만 등으로 혼합비율을 달리하여 오염시킨 후 마이크로코즘을 제작하여 혐기성 반응기안에 방치, 60일간 운전하였다. 매 10일마다 마이크로코즘을 개방하여 유기물, As(III) 및 As(V)의 농도 그리고 Fe, Mn의 농도변화를 측정하였다. 전체 As 농도에 대한 As(III)의 비율, As(III) 자체의 농도 변화 그리고 유기물 분해경향 등을 바탕으로 유기물분해에 따라 As(III)의 증가에 영향을 미치는 것이 확인되었다. Fe, Mn의 환원에 따른 As의 산화와 유기물 분해에 따른 환원이 서로 상충할 수 있으며 실제 분해 단계에 따라 어느 한쪽의 작용이 우세해지는 것으로 판단된다. 즉, Fe, Mn의 환원은 유기물의 분해에 의해 억제되었으며 유기물 분해가 상당히 진행 된 이후 Fe, Mn의 혐기성 용출이 일어나는 것으로 생각된다. 본 연구 결과는 혼합오염지역의 경우 유기물분해는 비소종의 화학형태에 영향을 미칠 것으로 예상되며 만약 As(III)의 비율이 증가할 경우 비소종의 위해성은 증가하게 될 것으로 판단되며 점차 증가하고 있는 혼합오염물 지역에 대한 정량적 위해성 평가가 요구된다.