• 한국의류학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.14-25
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• 2018

This study is to understand subculture as a selective amity or an emotional tribe that includes a life style, hobby and leisure of people and seeing it as the tribal solidarity or emotional alliance. Hence, based on the neo-tribalism by Michel Maffesoli who explains a tribe not composing a social vertical structure represented by class, but is composed a horizontal structure of individuals as a member of a society, this study conducted an empirical analysis on domestic minor fashion communities. Research findings show that they have a unique structure unexplained by Maffesoli. Fashion styles, values shared by domestic minor fashion communities are almost entirely based on individual likes and dislikes, escaping from a symbol of resistance to subordination explained by the existing subculture, play a role in enhancing the solidarity inside the community and confirming its identity outside. However, as for shared values within a community, it reveals a new invisible type of subculture intra-inter domestic minor fashion communities. A community showed a closed mind rather than open mind, disregarding or comparing with other communities and preventing their members from participation. A community had strict fashion rules and obvious classes, leading to participatory restriction. In conclusion, domestic minor fashion communities showed the most significant characteristic of a selective vertical structure by individual and community rather than a vertical structure by a society.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.105-114
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• 2014

Landscape zones have been designated as aesthetic old town districts across a wide range of Nakakyo-Ku and Shimokyo-Ku, city center of Kyoto, Japan. In these districts in which traditional structures and new buildings coexist, regulations of restriction on acts such as new building's heights, shapes, materials, and colors are carried out according to local governmental landscape ordinance based on Scenic Conservation Act. And yet, minimal fulfillment of the regulations according to different designer's subjective interpretation and principle of economy is rather creating abnormal shapes not harmonized with the traditional landscape. Thus, this study aims to extract combinations between form elements of middle and high rise apartment facade that affects 'harmony' and 'mismatch' in the districts by clarifying the social rules commonly implied based on intuitive judgments (sensibility evaluation) in which human experiential knowledge is involved. As research methods, the study first analyzes the form elements of the facade through a field survey, sets up a standard model through tasks of classification and segmentation and draws computer graphic images with 99 different patterns based on it. Based on these images, this study carries out sensibility evaluation and analyzes experimental data applying the rough set theory. As a result of the analysis, the combinations of form elements that affect harmony or mismatch act greatly when the colors and shapes of the pillars, positions and the patterns of the use of the first floor are combined.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.191-209
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• 2010

본 연구는 작은도서관의 설치와 운영을 지원하는 조례의 내용을 분석하여 문제점을 제시한 후, 바람직한 개선 방안을 제안하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 지방자치단체가 제정한 조례 25건을 대상으로 조례를 구성하는 항목을 분석하였다. 분석의 대상은 조례의 명칭, 구성 항목, 작은도서관 기능, 설치 기준, 지방자치단체의 책무, 운영인력, 도서관 운영 규정, 운영위원회 등이다. 그 결과 조례의 구성항목들은 크게 다르지 않았으며, 지역의 특색을 반영한 조례도 거의 찾아보기 어려웠다. 또한 항목에 있어서도 강제조항보다는 임의조항이 많았기 때문에 지방자치단체장의 의지에 따라 설치와 지원의 규모가 달라질 수 있다는 것이 한계로 지적되었다. 따라서 작은도서관 조례는 지역의 도서관 인프라를 반드시 고려해야 하며, 공공성을 담보하기 위한 노력과 함께 지원기준을 명확하게 밝혀야 한다.

• 한국산업정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국산업정보학회 2000년도 추계공동학술대회논문집
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• pp.357-365
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• 2000

본 논문에서는 제산기가 제거된 싱글톤 퍼지제어기에 대한 새로운 귀속도 함수 발생기 및 계수 선택기회로를 제안함으로써 회로 구성소자를 줄일 수 있는 기법을 제안하였다. 입력 값의 범위에 따라 추론에 사용될 언어변수를 미리 결정하여 필요한 귀속도 함수만을 발생시킴으로서 보다 간략화 된 회로를 구성할 수 있으며 또한 추론의 결과에 영향을 줄 계수들을 미리 선택해 주는 계수 선택회로를 통해 전건부의 적합도가 0이 되는 모든 규칙들에 대한 연산 회로를 제거하였다. 그리고 귀속도 함수 발생기에서 발생하는 전류모드 CMOS 회로의 문제점인 팬-아웃(fan-out)수의 제한을 해결하기 위해 전압입력-전류출력의 귀속도 함수발생기를 OTA방식으로 구성하였다. 기존의 방법에 비해 블록 수와 소자수가 큰 폭으로 감소하였음을 확인하였고, 또한 전건부와 언어변수의 수가 증가할수록 더욱 효과적임을 확인하였다.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.162-183
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• 1998

The fisheries resources control system in the Fisheries Act of Korea is introducing technical management method and input control method that controls fishing effort. Fishing effort control system of Korea aiming at realizing the maximum sustainable yield does not regulating the limitation of fishing quota and the limitation of fisheries object target fish. Therefore fishing operators who have fishing permit can use fishery resources without any restriction of fishing quota. But there are no rules that can controlling capacity of productivity of fishing by developing of fishing technic and fishing gear. For those reasons, productivity of fishing is superior to reproductivity of fisheries resources. Therefore, the Fisheries Act of Korea rearranges a legal basis for an introduction of fisheries resources management system by TAC, but the contents to be possible for a legal guarantee is not included and it is exceedingly defective as abstract and institutional devices. And that the affairs to be required for an enforcement of the said regime was placed in an administrative mandatory legislation and the danger to be degenerated is high in accordance with the bureaucratic self-righteous and/or the coercion of group's interest concerned and accordingly its substitute legislation system is keenly required. TAC system that is going to be introduced in our country is expected to enforce the Olympic fishing method and the individual quota method in parallel. This method is not certainly proper, because it occurs to overcapitalize and to compete fishing amounts between fishery operators. So as to prevent overcapitalization and fishing competition between fishery operators, and the exhaustion of coastal fisheries resources, individual transferable quota system should be introduced in Korean sea. Accordingly this thesis has attempted to constitute a view to improving problems of the traditional fisheries resources control system and introducing TAC fisheries resources control system.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제56권5호
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• pp.813-833
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• 2015

Spherical reticulated shells are widely applied in structural engineering due to their good bearing capability and attractive appearance. Parametric modeling of spherical reticulated shells is the basis of internal analysis and optimization design. In the present study, generation methods of nodes and the corresponding connection methods of rod elements are proposed. Modeling programs are compiled by adopting the ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL). A shape optimization method based on the two-stage algorithm is presented, and the corresponding optimization program is compiled in FORTRAN environment. Shape optimization is carried out based on the objective function of the minimum total steel consumption and the restriction condition of strength, stiffness, slenderness ratio, stability. The shape optimization of four typical Schwedler spherical reticulated shells is calculated with the span of 30 m~80 m and rise to span ratio of 1/7~1/2. Compared with the shape optimization results, the variation rules of total steel consumption along with the span and rise to span ratio are discussed. The results show that: (1) The left and right rod-Schwedler spherical reticulated shell is the most optimized and should be preferentially adopted in structural engineering. (2) The left diagonal rod-Schwedler spherical reticulated shell is second only to left and right rod regarding the mechanical behavior and optimized results. It can be applied to medium and small-span structures. (3) Double slash rod-Schwedler spherical reticulated shell is advantageous in mechanical behavior but with the largest total weight. Thus, this type can be used in large-span structures as far as possible. (4) The mechanical performance of no latitudinal rod-Schwedler spherical reticulated shell is the worst and with the second largest weight. Thus, this spherical reticulated shell should not be adopted generally in engineering.

• 의학교육논단
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.25-44
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• 2008

Objectives: Through using of the strong research method like a Randomized Controlled Trial: RCT, we have to heighten quality of Medical Education study. I'd like to introduce "CONSORT", which stands for Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials. Contents: Preventive Service Task Force(200l) in USA proposed Levels of evidence for enlarging evidence-based Practice: EBP. And the CONSORT was introduced, which encompasses various initiatives developed by the CONSORT Group to alleviate the problems arising from inadequate reporting of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). the CONSORT has 13 guides like these: 1. How participants were allocated to interventions 2. Scientific background and explanation of rationale 3. Eligibility criteria for participants. The settings and locations where the data were collected. 4. Precise details of the interventions intended for each group and how and when they were actually administered 5. Specific objectives and hypotheses 6. Clearly defined primary and secondary outcome measures, When applicable. any methods to enhance the quality of measurements (e.g., multiple observations, training of assessors) 7. How sample size was determined. When applicable, explanation of any interim analyses and stopping rules 8. Method used to generate the random allocation sequence, Details of any restriction [of randomization] 9. Method used to implement the random allocation sequence 10. Who generated the allocation sequence, who enrolled participants. and who assigned participants to their groups 11. Whether or not participants, those administering the interventions, and those assessing the outcomes were blinded to group assignment. If done, how the success of blinding was evaluated 12. Statistical methods used to compare groups for primary outcome(s), Methods for additional analyses, such as subgroup analyses and adjusted analyses 13. Flow of participants through each stage (a diagram is strongly recommended) Specifically, for each group report the numbers of participants randomly assigned. receiving intended treatment, completing the study protocol. and analyzed for the primary outcome. Results and Conclusion: Randomized Controlled Trial: RCT guided of CONSORT will contribute to do stronger evidence-based medical studies.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2006년도 춘계종합학술대회
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• pp.943-946
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• 2006

XML(Extensible Markup Language)은 운영환경에 독립적인 문서형식을 정의할 수 있다는 장점으로 인해 많은 사용자층을 확보하여 현재 가장 널리 쓰이는 문서형식 중의 하나가 되었다. 그러나 이러한 XML이 모바일 분야와 같이 제한된 메모리와 빠른 전승속도를 요구하는 환경에서도 쓰이게 됨에 따라 파일의 용량과 전송속도에 대한 문제점이 새롭게 대두되고 있다. 이에 XML의 바이너리화에 대한 논의가 진행되고 있으며, XML의 구조를 유지하여 기존의 장점을 최대한 살리면서 문서 크기를 줄일 수 있는 방안으로 XML 정보셋을 이용한 Fast Infoset 방식이 주목을 받고 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 XML을 바이너리화하기 위하여 Fast Infoset 방식 및 ASN.1(Abstract Syntax Notation One)의 인코딩 방법 중 하나인 PER(Packed Encoding Rules)을 이용하여 모듈을 설계하였으며, XML 문서가 바이너리 XML 문서로 인코딩되는 과정을 단계적으로 확인할 수 있는 인터페이스로 인코더를 구현하였다.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2024

This paper was studied abouta technology for detecting damage to temporary works equipment used in construction sites with explainable artificial intelligence (XAI). Temporary works equipment is mostly composed of steel or aluminum, and it is reused several times due to the characters of the materials in temporary works equipment. However, it sometimes causes accidents at construction sites by using low or decreased quality of temporary works equipment because the regulation and restriction of reuse in them is not strict. Currently, safety rules such as related government laws, standards, and regulations for quality control of temporary works equipment have not been established. Additionally, the inspection results were often different according to the inspector's level of training. To overcome these limitations, a method based with AI and image processing technology was developed. In addition, it was devised by applying explainableartificial intelligence (XAI) technology so that the inspector makes more exact decision with resultsin damage detect with image analysis by the XAI which is a developed AI model for analysis of temporary works equipment. In the experiments, temporary works equipment was photographed with a 4k-quality camera, and the learned artificial intelligence model was trained with 610 labelingdata, and the accuracy was tested by analyzing the image recording data of temporary works equipment. As a result, the accuracy of damage detect by the XAI was 95.0% for the training dataset, 92.0% for the validation dataset, and 90.0% for the test dataset. This was shown aboutthe reliability of the performance of the developed artificial intelligence. It was verified for usability of explainable artificial intelligence to detect damage in temporary works equipment by the experiments. However, to improve the level of commercial software, the XAI need to be trained more by real data set and the ability to detect damage has to be kept or increased when the real data set is applied.

• 산학경영연구
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• 제13권
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• pp.133-157
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• 2000

본 논문에서는 고객의 매매주문을 전달하는 위탁거래와 자기상품거래를 동시에 실행하는 이중 거래행위가 가능한 브로커(broker)가 시장참가자로 존재하고, 또한 정보거래자(informed trader)는 자신의 정보를 과신하는(overconfident) 특성을 갖는 것으로 가정한 새로운 전략적 정보거래모형을 설정하고, 그 모형 안에서 거래량, 거래이익 및 가격의 변화를 살펴보았다. 매우 간단한 2 기간 모형에서 시점 1에서는 내부정보를 소지한 정보거래자는 자신의 정보를 실제보다 더 정확한 것으로 과신하고 유동성거래자와 거래를 한다. 이 때에 브로커는 고객주문의 위탁거래만을 수행한다. 시점 2에서는 브로커가 지난 시점(시점 1)의 정보거래자의 거래를 파악한 후 유동성거래자와 자기 자신의 주문거래를 수행하게 된다. 각 시점에서 시장조성자는 정보의 정확한 분포를 인식한다고 가정하였다. 본 논문의 주요한 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 정보거래자의 과신정도가 너무 심하지 않거나, 아니면 정보가 어느 정도 정확하다는 전제 하에서 각 시점에서 선형의 균형을 유도하였다. 둘째, 정보거래자의 과신행동이 모형의 거래량과, 거래이익 및 가격에 미치는 영향은 다음과 같이 요약할 수 있다. 1) 정보거래자의 과신행동은 자기 자신의 기대 거래량을 증가시킨다. 또 그 과신행동의 정도가 매우 심하지만 않다면, 브로커의 기대거래량 또한 증가시키게 된다. 종합적으로 정보거래자의 과신행동은 거래량을 증가시키게 된다. 2) 정보거래자의 과신정도가 증가할수록 그의 기대이익과 브로커의 기대이익은 감소하게 된다. 3) 정보거래자의 과신정도가 심해질수록 각 시점에서 가격의 분산은 증가하게 된다. 그러나 정보거래자의 과신정도가 심해질수록 각 시점에서 가격의 정보반영성은 증가하게 된다. 마지막으로 본 논문의 한계 및 앞으로의 연구방향을 언급하였다.2002년 4월에 최대치에 도달했다. 전체 숙주와 바이러스 밀도로 볼 때, 그들의 먹이사슬은 바이러스에 의한 사멸에 의해서 평형 상태로 유지되고, 바이러스의 밀도 또한 평형 상태를 유지하는 것으로 보였다. 이러한 시도는 우리나라 광양만 내에 존재하는 해양 바이러스의 생태적 분포 연구를 다루는 첫 번째 실험으로 사료된다.탄산염암 지역은 Ca-$HCO_3$형, 혼펠스 지역은 Na-K형과 $CO_3+HCO_3$형이 우세한 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 달천 폐광산 지역의 광미적재지에서 $Ca^{2+},\;Mg^{2+}$ 및 $SO_4^{2-}$ 성분이 지하수에 다량 용해되어 지하수의 주 흐름 방향에 위치한 기반암 지하수에 유입되었음을 알 수 있었다.tic monks could not wear. to express their deep faith. So the rules of the samgha has been distorted. The samgha has enlarged day by day as a great huge religious association. There are many different shapes of Kasaya. The Buddhist samgha need to establish a minute and rigid rules of Kasaya to order living of monks and to teach the moral and educational life to ordinary people. That book of rule is Vinaya pitaka(율장) . There are many kinds of Vinaya pitaka. This paper surveys the rules of Kasaya from