• Proceedings of the KSPS conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.101-104
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• 2003

In this paper, speech quality is improved by removing abrupt noise intervals and then substituting the gaps with estimates of the previous speech waveform. An abrupt noise detection signal has been proposed as a prediction error signal by utilizing LP coefficients of the previous frame. Abrupt noise intervals are estimated by using spectral energy. After removing estimated noise intervals, we applied several waveform substitution techniques such as zero substitution, previous frame repetition, pattern matching, and pitch waveform replication. To prove the validity of our algorithm, the LPC spectral distortion test and the recognition test are executed and, the results show that the speech quality is fairly well improved.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.243-252
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• 2003

The study was designed to review the changes in designs and the manufacturing methods of french hood, one of the headdresses which play an important role in showing the appearance of costume, to understand design expression techniques through manufacturing of the head dress of the western costumes, and to provide materials to exert creativity for new designs. Based on literature review and portrait study, 1 manufactured a frenchhood. I set the study cope as from the late 15 century when frenchhood was used for the first time, to the mid 16 century. For the frenchhood selected, 1 examined the hair style, the characteristics of the french hood, and the pattern first, and proceeded to manufacturing. 1 used velvet and silk for the textile as explained in the literature. And, 1 purchased such similar ornaments as shown in the pictures, making the color so similar to the original to the most. Dimensions in manufacturing were those In the literature, since the study is focusing on the reproduction of the features of the portraits. Dimensions of detailed decoration were measured using the ratio of the headdress in the portraits.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.48-55
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• 2016

Conventional techniques for solving the noise problem have problems to generate different results, depending on the image size and weight values of the used masks, and they require many operations by using a complex formula. In this paper, we propose an image enhancement algorithm to solve the noise problem in a simple, yet easy-to-use way. For this purpose, we determined the difference between the noise of the two adjacent pixels for the horizontal and vertical, and for the two diagonal directions that each of the noise problem occurred, and then we got the average value of these pixel values. Then, we solve the noise problem by using the optimal average value in accordance with occurrence of the noise in the horizontal and vertical, and two adjacent pixels in a diagonal direction. As a result, we got the result that the noise solution in a simple, yet easy-to-use method to obtain a resultant image.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.363-371
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• 2014

In this paper, a new super-resolution algorithm is proposed by using successive frames for generating high-resolution frames with better quality than those generated by other conventional interpolation methods. Generally, each frame used for super-resolution must only have global translation and motions of sub-pixel unit to generate good result. However, the newly proposed MSR algorithm in this paper is exempt from such constraints. The proposed algorithm consists of three main processes; motion estimation for image registration, normalization of motion vectors, and pattern analysis of edges. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has better performance than other conventional algorithms.

• Proceedings of the Botanical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1987.07a
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• pp.349-356
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• 1987

Insertions of transposable elements in or near a structural gene give rise to null phenotypes, reduced levels of gene expression, or alteration on the tissue-specific pattern of gene expression. Null phenotypes often result from insertions in exons. Reduced levels of gene expression results from insertions in various regions such as promoter region, 5' non-translated region, exon and intron. The maize allele of Adh1-3F1124 is an example of alteration in the tissue-specific patetern of gene expression. Adh1-3F1124 contains a Mu element inserted 31 bp 5' to the transcriptional start site of the wild-type Adh1 activity in seeds and anaerobically-treated seedlings but normal levels in the pollen. Upon the insertion of a transposable element a certain number of host DNA sequences at the insertion site is duplcated. When transposable elements excise, all element sequences are deleted. However, the duplicated host sequences may be left intact or deleted to various extents. This results in null phenotypes, restoration of original levels of gene expression, or altered levels of gene expression. On the basis of effects of transposable-element insertions or excisions on gene expression, the usefulness of transposable ellements for studies on gene expression is discussed.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.243-247
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• 2012

The velopharynx is a tridimensional muscular valve located between the oral and nasal cavities, consisting of the lateral and posterior pharyngeal walls and the soft palate, and controls the passage of air. Velopharyngeal insufficiency may take place when the velopharyngeal valve is unable to perform its own closing, due to a lack of tissue or lack of proper movement. Treatment options include surgical correction, prosthetic rehabilitation, and speech therapy; though optimal results often require a multidisciplinary approach for the restoration of both anatomical and physiological defect. We report a case of 56 year old male patient presenting with hypernasal speech pattern and velopharyngeal insufficiency secondary to cleft palate which had been surgically corrected 18 years ago. The patient was treated with a combination of speech therapy and palatal lift prosthesis employing interim prostheses in various phases before the insertion of definitive appliance. This phase-wise treatment plan helped to improve patient's compliance and final outcome.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.591-594
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 hopfield 신경망을 사용한 다양한 부분적인 패턴 복원에 관하여 연구하였다. 여섯 개의 $32{\times}32$ 비트맵 훈련패턴들은 한글자음 ㄱ, ㅁ, ㅂ, ㅇ, ㅊ, ㅍ, 그리고 남자와 여자 이미지로 구성되어 있다. 그리고 부분패턴들의 크기, 범위, 방향의 효과를 알아보기 위해서 훈련패턴에서 여덟 가지 형태의 테스트 패턴을 만든다. 한글 자음의 경우 유사 패턴이 많기 때문에 완전히 복원되지 못하였으나, 400회 정도 수렵된 후에는 테스트패턴들이 견본패턴과 비슷한 모양으로 복원되었다. 이 유사도를 측정하기 위해 해밍거리 (Hamming distance)를 이용하였다. 유사도를 측정하여 해밍거리가 가장 적은 것으로 본래의 이미지들 복원하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.397-406
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• 1988

The changes in the dietary pattern of Koreans during the last one century and its consequences are summarized as follows; 1. Until the beginning of 20th century, Koreans used variety of cereals, vegetables and fruits for their staple food, but the variety has been largely reduced by the agricultural development and urbanized life style. 2. The well balanced traditional dietary pattern of Korean had been deeply deteriorated by the food shortage during the Japanese occupation and Korean war. 3. The deteriorated nutritional condition of Korean was not remedied by the restoration of traditional dietary pattern, but attempted to overcome it by the adoption of Western food habit. 4. The people were trained to eat milk and flour-meals during the starvation of Korean war, and it was continued after Korean war through the animal husbandry promotion policy. 5. The importation of food and feed cereals has been increased rapidly during the economic growth in 1970's and the food self-sufficiency droped below 50%. 6. In 1970's, the food supply pattern of Korean was restored to the level of early 1900, but the consumption of lipid increased extraordinarily. 7. The overconsumption of animal food and lipid continues in 1980's, and it coincides with the rapid increase in the occurence of food related degenerative deseases. 8. The establishment of Korean dietary goal which is based on the traditional dietary pattern is needed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.49-60
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• 2008

In this study, the green zone patterns of sidewalks are classified 'one street-tree row + building,' 'one street-tree row + green zone,' 'two street-tree rows + building,' and 'two street-tree rows + green zone' and assessed their visual characteristic in order to provide desirable measures for scenery design. As a result of the analysis of visual images of sidewalk, the scenery in which street trees are planted in one row was generally assessed to be negative, while roads where green zones rather than buildings are adjacent were revealed to seem stable and pleasant. The scenery in which street trees are planted in two rows was assessed highly in an image of 'extensionality' indicating street circumstances, and especially the pattern 'two street-tree rows + green zone' was shown to be the most beautiful scenery. According to the results of factor analysis of sidewalks, three factors were identified : 'extensionality' showing sidewalk circumstances; 'peculiarity' including unique personality, and 'pliability' showing the organic flow of the scenery. The results of the analysis of visual preference of the scenery according to green zone patterns showed that the 'two street-tree rows + green zone' was measured to be highest. When buildings are adjacent to a sidewalk, two street-tree rows rather than one street-tree row were assessed to increase preference. As for the correlation between visual factors and preference analyzed through multiple regression analysis, all 'extensionality,' 'peculiarity,' and 'pliability' were revealed to show positive correlation for visual preference.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.109-119
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• 2016

In South Korea the need of sustainably managing development on forest lands has required to develop a new approach to estimating environmental impacts on forest surrounding development sites in a scientific manner. As for forest-related development, two types of development were selected: golf courses and industrial complexes. Using Fragstats 4.2, the fragmentation effects and patterns of each type by forest area within project sites and buffer zones ranging from the outside of project sites up to 2,000 meters were analyzed. As a result, golf courses were strongly related to a group of fragmentation indexes: CA, NP, PD, TE, LSI, TCA, NDCA and CONNECT, whereas industrial complexes were associated with CA, NP, PD, TE, LSI and CONNECT. Among them, NP, LSI, TCA and NDCA of golf courses were considered as representative indexes reflecting the average impact ranges of each sub-group by forest area, and focussing on the size of core areas. In the case of industrial complexes, PD, TE and LSI were the representatives, vulnerable to the composition of given landscape. For two case studies, one for golf courses and the other for industrial complexes, they showed there existed a difference between the average of a group and the individual results. Therefore, to minimize the variations in impact range within a group, it is needed to analyze more individual cases. This study proved there was a distinction between project types in terms of the range of environmental impact. To effectively and comprehensively manage forest development, further research on analyzing other development types related to forests with more cases is needed.