• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.314-324
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• 1998

목적: 이 연구의 목적은 어린이 모야모야병 환자에서 휴식기/아세타졸아미드 부하 Tc-99m-HMPAO SPECT가 Encephalo-duro-arterio-synangiosis (EDAS) 수술 후의 호전여부를 평가할 수 있는지를 알아보고자 함이었다. 대상 및 방법: 어린이 모야모야병 18명에서 21개의 대뇌반구에 EDAS 수술을 하였다. 수술 전과 수술 후 3개월에 휴식기/아세타졸아미드 부하 Tc-99in-HMPAO SPECT를 시행하여 휴식기관류와 관류예비능을 평가하여 비교하였다. 결과: 대뇌반구 모두에서 휴식기관류 또는 관류예비능 감소가 관찰되었다. 84개 뇌엽과 294개 영역 중52%의 뇌엽과 50%의 영역에 관류이상이 나타났다. 수술 후 휴식기 관류 또는 관류예비능이 감소한 영역의 60%가 호전되었고 반구는 71%가 호전되었다. 수술 전 휴식기 관류 감소가 심하지 않았을 때 수술후 호전가능성이 높았다. 수술 전 휴식 부하기 관류의 차이가 있는 경우 즉 관류예비능이 감소하였을 때 수술 후 관류 호전 가능성이 높았다. 결론: 어린이 모야모야병에서 수술 전 휴식기/아세타졸아미드 Tc-99m-HMPAO SPECT로 수술 후 호전여부를 예측할 수 있다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.173-178
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• 2009

This study was conducted to determine if supplementation with a compound composed of caffeine (50 mg), capsaicin (75 mg), sesamine (30 mg), L-carnitine (300 mg), banaba (50 mg) and lotus (10 mg) enhanced human autonomic nervous activities (ANS) associated with thermogenic sympathetic activity and fat utilization. Ten healthy college males (21.2$\pm$1.0 yr) volunteered for this experiment. Autonomic nervous activities associated with energy metabolism were examined at 30 min intervals for a total of 120-min while at rest and every 5-min during exercise at 50% of the ventilation threshold before and after intake of the compound or placebo with 100 ml of water for 10 days. In addition, heart rate variability power spectral analysis was used to assess human autonomic nervous activities. The results indicated that there were no significant differences in heart rate during rest and exercise among trials. Furthermore, the autonomic nervous activity tended to increase after 10-days of consumption of the test compounds during the experimental period, but the differences did not reach statistical significance. However, before and after the compound test trial there was a significantly higher respiratory gas exchange ratio (rest 0: 0.83$\pm$0.01 vs. rest 3: 0.89$\pm$0.02, p<0.05), carbohydrate oxidation (CHO) rate (rest 0: 44.57$\pm$5.83 vs. rest 2: 63.86$\pm$5.91%, p<0.05) and a lower fat oxidation rate (rest 0: 55.43$\pm$5.83 vs. rest 2: 36.14$\pm$5.91%, p<0.05. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggested that the compound composed of caffeine, capsaicin, sesamine, L-carnitine, banaba and lotus components that was evaluated in this study did not induce a significant increase in human autonomic nervous activities or lipolysis, even though the individual components have been reported to induce increased fat oxidation.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.512-517
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• 2019

Background: Rest breaks at work are reported to reduce fatigue and job stress. Apartment janitors in Korea who perform night shift work and work long hours can be exposed to various health problems (HPs). However, few studies have evaluated relationships between their rest breaks and HPs. This study was conducted to examine the relationships between long working hours, shift work, and insufficient rest breaks and HPs among Korean apartment janitors. Methods: Data on 1,212 selected male apartment janitors were obtained from the 3rd and 4th Korean Working Conditions Surveys. Demographic and occupational characteristics were collected using self-reported questionnaires. Rest breaks at work were classified as "sufficient" or "insufficient." Long working hours were considered as working more than 60 hours per week. Zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) regression was performed to investigate the effects of shift work and long working hours on HPs and the effects of rest breaks on relationships between HPs and long working hours and shift work. Results: Among those with insufficient rest breaks at work, significant associations were found between long working hours and the risk of HPs [odds ratio (OR) = 1.489; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.038-2.136] and work-related HPs (WRHPs) [OR 1.621; 95% CI = 1.156-2.272], and between shift work and HPs [OR = 1.603; 95% CI = 1.084-2.372]. These relationships became nonsignificant when sufficient rest breaks were provided. Conclusion: It is important to provide breaks at work to reduce HPs because of long working hours and shift work among aged workers such as apartment janitors.

• 한국동물생명공학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.300-304
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• 2019

This study was conducted to examine the oocyte recovery efficiency through having an OPU session once and twice a week. Also, the oocyte recovery efficiency was examined by using OPU after two and three months of rest period. Six cows were used for oocytes collection and were randomly divided into two groups. In experiment 1, OPU sessions were conducted once and twice a week to collect oocytes. The collected oocytes between once and twice OPU groups were classified into four groups (grade 1, 2, 3 and 4) according to the quality of cumulus cells and ooplasm. Based on the result, the percentage of collected oocytes per aspirated follicle number was similar between once and twice OPU session groups (65.5 ± 1.9 and 68.7 ± 1.4 vs.). However, the percentage of grade 1 oocytes from the twice OPU session group was significantly high compared with that of the once a week OPU session group (25.3 ± 0.9 and 32.5 ± 1.2% vs. once and twice session group, respectively, p < 0.05). In experiment 2, the group with three months of rest period tended to have a high percentage of collected oocyte compared with the group with two months of rest period (64.6 and 70.9% vs. 2 and 3 months rest group, respectively, p = 0.62). The percentage of grade 4 in the group with three months of rest period was significantly low compared with the group with two months of rest period group (27.3 and 36.5% vs. two and three months rest group, respectively, p = 0.05). In conclusion, twice a week OPU session is suitable for collection of high quality oocytes by using OPU, and three months of rest period is needed for the recovery of oocyte quality of a donor cow.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.143-154
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• 2013

PURPOSES: Design of approach roads of rest areas in highway has many drawbacks such as geometric design elements. There has been traffic accidents occured in these approach roads of rest areas. Thus, design criteria is required in order to protect accidents from being occurred. In case of Korea, geometric structure design criteria of entry facilities, such as toll-gate, interchange, junction etc was established. However there are no presence in a detailed standards for geometric structure of the rest area which affiliated road facilities. METHODS: In this study, analytic on accidents was carried out in regards to the entry of geometric structure of resting areas by utilizing a sight survey and an investigation research of traffic accidents. The survey was targeting 135 general service areas. Collisions with physical channelization and safety facilities occurred due to speeding, rapid entry, and etc at the entrance nose section. At the entrance connector roads, accidents caused by speeding, negligence, over-operation of handle of drivers were main reason of accidents. Discriminant analysis were conducted about geometric elements to distinguish influencing factors for traffic accidents. the lengths and access angles of the entrance connector roads were regarded as to have the high relation with traffic accidents. RESULTS: After classifying the design section of resting areas' entry as well as derive design elements on each section, a speed measurement by targeting entry of rest areas and car behavior surveys were performed, then each element's minimum standard was derived through the analyses. According to the speeds at the starting/end point of entrance connector road, the range of the junction setting angle of the entrance connector road is defined as $12^{\circ}{\sim}17^{\circ}$ and the connector length model was suggested. CONCLUSIONS: Suggest improvement plans for existing rest areas that can be applied realistically. This should be corresponded to the standards of entry and exit of developed rest areas.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제19권9호
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• pp.280-292
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• 2019

본 연구는 부산의 대표적 상업 공간인 센텀 신세계백화점을 대상으로, 실내 휴게 공간과 가구 디자인 현황을 파악하고, 가구를 중심으로 한 방문객의 이용 행태 특성을 분석하고자 한다. 상업공간에서 공공의 영역이라고 할 수 있는 휴게 공간 디자인이 방문객의 특성과 행태를 지원하고 있는지를 파악하여 추후 상업 휴게 공간 디자인을 위한 기초 자료를 제공하고자 한다. 연구방법은 현장 방문 관찰을 진행해 휴게공간에서 각 층별 휴게공간의 위치, 휴게가구 디자인의 유형과 디자인 특성을 파악한 후, 주요 층별 휴게 가구 이용자의 특성과 행태를 분석하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 휴게공간과 가구를 분석한 결과 휴게공간의 위치나 크기는 적절하다고 여겨진다. 또한 휴게 가구는 베이지에서 브라운, 밝은 회색에서 블랙에 이르는 저채도의 편안한 색채에 부채형, 호형 벤치, 소파, 의자 형 등 다양한 디자인으로 제공되어 있어, 쉬기, 휴대폰 사용, 대화와 같은 가장 일반적인 이용 행태를 적절히 지원하고 있었다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.225-229
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• 2021

Background: The socioeconomic burden of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) is significant, and kitchen work is a high-risk occupation for MSDs due to the intensive manual workload and repetitive movements that are involved. However, there are very few studies on MSDs and rest breaks as a workplace intervention among kitchen workers. This study examined the relationship between insufficient rest breaks and increased MSD risk among Korean kitchen workers. Methods: Sociodemographic and occupational factors of 1,909 kitchen workers were collected from the 3rd-4th Korean Working Conditions Survey data. Five items on rest breaks at work were categorized into two groups, "sufficient" and "insufficient." The number of MSDs and work-related MSDs (WMSDs), an outcome variable, was obtained from the sum of MSDs/WMSDs in three anatomical sites (back, neck, and upper limb, lower limb). The association between rest breaks and MSDs was estimated using zeroinflated negative binomial analyses, with adjustments for age, education level, and weekly working hours, and the analyses were stratified by sex. Results: After adjustment, significant associations were found between insufficient rest breaks and an increased risk of MSDs (odds ratio [OR] 1.68 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11-2.54) and WMSDs (OR 1.40 95% CI 1.01-1.96) among female kitchen workers. Insufficient rest breaks were significantly associated with MSDs in female kitchen workers in all three anatomical sites. Conclusion: This study emphasizes the need for rest breaks as a workplace intervention for preventing MSDs in kitchen workers. Further studies to reveal the causality of this relationship are required.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제12권7호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2014

Purpose - This study reveals antecedent factors to help develop expressway rest areas in which employees were exposed to inferior environments, using Hackman and Oldham's Job Characteristics Theory. Research design, data, and methodology - The survey was conducted on 148 expressway rest area employees in Gyeonggi-do. After excluding questionnaires with invalid responses, 141 questionnaires were analyzed. Results - The sub-factors of job characteristics had a positive influence on the organizational commitment of employees, and organizational commitment had a positive influence on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Further, the results of mediation effects showed that organizational commitment and self-leadership were partially mediated. Finally, the results of the moderation effect of self-leadership showed that self-leadership was thought to be vital to let members endeavor to promote the competitiveness of expressway rest areas. Conclusions - The expressway rest area company needed to design jobs to let employees be self-motivated, productive, positive, responsible, and aspirational; job redesign, including job enrichment and job enlargement can be considerably helpful for affirmative influence.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.155-163
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to investigate the residents' actual usage at three rest areas and three playgrounds in an apartment complex. This study was conducted with field study in J apartment complex in Incheon from August 14 to August 30, 1998. According to the results of the study, there were more users in playgrounds than in the rest areas. The rest area near the place for the elderly in the complex was used mainly by the elderly females. The playground located near the main entrance of the complex was frequently used because it is the biggest one in size and has an enough space for playing. Furthermore, the condition of shading areas by trees and buildings influenced the rate of use of the residents. Therefore, to increase the usage rate of rest areas and playgrounds, they should be located near to the places which have community amenities and should have accessible entrance for residents. Landscape design of the apartment complex should be done with the plot plan of the complex simultaneously. Moreover, the number and the kinds of trees to be planted in the apartment complex should be considered carefully.

• 한국정보통신설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신설비학회 2008년도 정보통신설비 학술대회
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• pp.521-524
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• 2008

기존 지능망 서비스들이 포화 상태에 이르게 됨에 따라 수익이 나는 새로운 서비스를 개발하는 것이 점점 더 어려워지고 있다. 요즈음 전통적인 전화망과 인터넷의 결합이 새로운 경향으로 나타나고 있다. PC와 같은 인터넷 단말은 전화망의 전통적인 단말보다 저장 장치 및 유저 인터페이스 면에서 더욱 더 강력한 능력을 가지고 있다. IT 개발자들은 전화 분야의 전문 지식을 갖고 있지 않아도 Parlay API를 사용하면 새로운 통신 서비스를 쉽게 만들수 있다. HTTP 상의 SOAP을 사용하여 쉽게 두 컴퓨터 노드간의 통신이 가능하게 할 수 있더라도 일반적인 개발자는 현란한 XML 포맷 때문에 SOAP 메시지를 처리하는데 어려움을 느낀다. REST 기반 API는 이러한 것의 좋은 대체재가 될 수 있는데, 추가적인 프로토콜 층이 없이 HTTP 층만 있기 때문이다. 본 논문에서는 통화 및 메시징 서비스를 만들기 위한 REST 기반의 Open APl 를 소개한다. 제안되는 API는 클릭투콜, 미니 컨퍼런스, 통화 녹음, 주문형 오디오 재생, 단문 메시징 및 음성 메시징 기능을 제공한다. 제안되는 API 특징은 전화망과 인터넷의 컨버전스의 강력함을 보여준다.