• KSBB Journal
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.183-187
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• 2001

The biological activities of wastewater and sludge taken from the wastewater treatment process of Hyangnam pharmaceutic factories in Hwaseong, Kyeonggi-Do was measured using a respirometer. Oxygen uptake rate (OUR) was used as a tool for measuring biological activity. OUR was measured for varying amounts of sludge and organic chemicals in wastewater, and its toxicity was evaluated. Maximum OUR was observed as 61, 75, and 89 mg O$_2$/L/hr when sludge was added as 3, 5, and 10% of total volume, respectively. When the concentration of organic chemicals was changed to 1,486, 337, and 164 mg COD/L, maximum OUR was 53, 13, 8 mg O$_2$/L/hr, respectively. The toxicity test results showed that there seemed that there seemed to be no observable toxic effect on microbes in pharmaceutic wastewater.

• 한국동물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물학회 1994년도 한국생물과학협회 학술발표대회
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• pp.132.2-132
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• 1994

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.339-346
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• 2017

The objective of this study is the evaluation of the performance of a large-scale respirometer (LSR) of 17.7 L in the determination of the methane generation rate constant (k) values. To achieve this objective, a comparison between anaerobic (GB21) and LSR tests was conducted. The data were modeled using a linear function, and the resulting correlation coefficient ($R^2$) of the linear regression is 0.91. This result shows that despite the aerobic conditions, the biodegradability values that were obtained from the LSR test produced results that are similar to those from the GB21 test. In this respect, the LSR test can be an indicator of the anaerobic biodegradability for landfill waste. In addition, the results show the high repeatability of the tests with an average coefficient of variance (CV) that is lower than 10%; furthermore, the CV for the LSR is lower than that of the GB21, which indicates that the LSR-test method could provide a better representation of waste samples. Therefore, the LSR method allows for both the prediction of the long-term biodegradation potential in a shorter length of time and the reduction of the sampling errors that are caused by the heterogeneity of waste samples. The k values are $0.156y^{-1}$ and $0.127y^{-1}$ for the cumulative biogas production (GB21) and the cumulative oxygen uptake for the LSR, respectively.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2003년도 생물공학의 동향(XIII)
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• pp.421-421
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• 2003

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.134-137
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• 1977

The most efficient method for reducing the organic content of dilute liquid waste is by aerobic-biological treatment. Basically, the organisms responsible for treatment possess the ability to decompose complex organic compounds and to use the energy so liberated for their bodily functions: reproduction, growth, locomotion and so on. That part of organic matter used to produce energy is converted to the essentially stable end products of carbon dioxide, water and ammonia, while the remainder is converted to new cells which can be settled and thus removed from the liquid before the waste is discharged to the receiving body water. Oxygen must be supplied continuously during the aerobic process. In the field of sewage treatment the Warburg respirometer is used mainly for the measurement of the oxygen uptake of samples. In this experiment the Warburg constant volume respirometer was used to determine the oxygen uptake by bacteria in the presence of various glucose concentrations. The rate of oxygen uptake by the bacteria was expressed as the respiratory quotient. The result indicated that the oxygen uptake was proportional to the glucose concentration. The expecting equation of the regression line was Y=7.7+0.12X where Y: respiratory quotient, ${\mu}l.\;O_2$ taken up/mg. dry wt. bacterium/hr. X: concentration of glucose, mg/l

• 대한기관식도과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기관식도과학회 1979년도 제13차 학술대회 연제순서 및 초록
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• pp.8.3-8
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• 1979

음의 생성은 성문하의 기류가 성대에서 조절되고 성대상부의 Vocal tract에서 modulation되어 생성되므로 후두에 이상이 생기면 발성시 후두를 통과하는 기류에 변화가 오게된다. 타국에서는 Dohne(1944)과 Arnold(1955, 1958)등 여러학자들이 후두질환에 따른 공기역학적 변화를 측정하여 후두질환의 진단에 기여한 바 크다. 본 저자들은 후두질환에 따른 공기역학적 측정에 앞서 이에 대한 정상역치를 측정하여 그 기준치로 하고자 21∼30세의 정상인 남녀 각각 20명을 대상으로 Collins회사제 Respirometer를 이용하여 평균 기류유출률, 최대 밭성량, 최대발성시간 및 발성속력치 등을 측정하였기에 제 1보로서 보고하는 바이다.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.125-130
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• 2008

Free ammonia ($NH_3$-N) inhibition of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) has been widely studied for partial nitrification (or nitrite accumulation) and denitrification via nitrite ($NO_2^-$-N) as a low-cost treatment of ammonium containing wastewater. The literature on $NH_3$-N inhibition of NOB, however, shows disagreement about the threshold $NH_3$-N concentration and its degree of inhibition. In order to clarify the confusion, a simple and cheap respirometric method was devised to investigate the effect of free ammonia inhibition of NOB. Sludge samples from an autotrophic nitrifying reactor were exposed to various $NH_3$-N concentrations to measure the maximum specific nitrite oxidation rate ($\hat{K}_{NO}$) using a respirometer. NOB biomass was estimated from the yield values in the literature. Free ammonia inhibition of nitrite oxidizing bacteria was reversible and the specific nitrite oxidation rate ($K_{NO}$) decreased from 0.141 to 0.116, 0.100, 0.097 and 0.081 mg $NO_2^-$-N/mg NOB h, respectively, as the $NH_3$-N concentration increased from 0.0 to 1.0, 4.1, 9.7 and 22.9 mg/L. A nonlinear regression based on the noncompetitive inhibition mode gave an estimate of the Inhibition concentration ($K_I$) of free ammonia to be 21.3 mg $NH_3$-N/L. Previous studies gave $\hat{K}_{NO}$ of Nitrobacter and Nitrospira as 0.120 and 0.032 mg/mg VSS h. The free ammonia concentration which inhibits Nitrobacter was $30{\sim}50\;mg$ $NH_3$-N/L and Nitrospira was inhibited at $0.04{\sim}0.08\;mg$ $NH_3$-N/L. The results support the fact that Nitrobacter is the dominant NOB in the reactor. The variations in the reported values of free ammonia inhibition may be due to the different species of nitrite oxidizers present in the reactors. The respirometric method provides rapid and reliable analysis of the behavior and community of the nitrite oxidizing bacteria.

• Journal of the korean society of oceanography
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.117-122
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• 1996

Oxygen consumption by the Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum (Bivalvia: Veneridae) maintained in a culture tank for 7-10 weeks was measured with an automatic intermittent-flow-respirometer (AIFR). There was evidence for an endogenous tidal rhythm of 12.4 h in oxygen consumption, at irregular intervals of between about 7 and 18 hours during experiments of between 22 h 5 min and 70 h 32 min (duration) recording for fasting animals in constant darkness at constant temperatures in the absence of tidal rhythms.

• 한국토양환경학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.35-43
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• 1999

강둑여과의 적지로 판단되는 지역의 배후 농경지 표층토에 대한 무기질소 변환 활동도를 호흡량 측정기에서 소비한 산소량에 기준하여 조사하였다. 초기 표층토 pH(약 4.8~5.7)를 변화시키지 않고 수분함량을 약 20%로 조정한 상태에서 무기질소의 변환을 관찰한 결과 대조군과 실험군의 뚜렷한 호흡량 및 무기질소변환은 관찰할 수 없었고 조사한 실험조건에서 수분 25%, pH 8 정도에서 가장 활발한 미생물 활동도가 관찰되었다. 또한 초기 ${NH_4}_2$$SO_4$400 mg $NH_4$-N의 농도에서 98%정도의 질산화가 조사되었으나 탈질화는 거의 발생하지 않았다.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2001년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.533-536
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• 2001

본 연구는 제약폐수 처리에 있어서 폐수처리장내의 미생물 활성을 최대로 하여 운전효율을 높이는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 각 부하에 따른 영향을 살펴보고 각종 동력학 계수를 측정하여 실제 폐수처리 공정에 있어서 최적의 조건으로 운전할 수 있도록 하는 것이 목적인데, 이에 MLSS 부하, COD 부하에 따른 결과들을 구할 수 있었다. 반복실험을 통하여 더욱 정확한 동력학 계수를 측정할 수 있으리라 기대한다.