• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.277-294
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• 2007

The purposes of this study were to a) examine using status, b) measure the service quality attributes, c) analyze IPA and customer satisfaction, d) develop the LSM(Local Store Marketing) by location of K theme restaurant such as residential type(A), complex type(B) and downtown type(C). The questionnaires were handed out to 346 of 450(usage rate 76.9%). The statistical data analysis was completed using SPSS(ver 12.0) for descriptive analysis, $X^2$, t-test, ANOVA, reliability analysis, factor analysis, multiple linear regression. From an analysis on service quality attributes, most importance of service quality attributes was more highly perceived than performance of those, except for 'attractive exterior', 'variety of kid's menu', 'convenient facilities for kid' and perceived importance and performance were also significantly different by location of branch restaurant. The attributes to be improved were 'convenience of restaurant's parking lot', 'food tast', 'speedy service' and 'service competency' as branch A(residential type) restaurant, 'convenience of the restaurant location' as branch B(complex type) restaurant and 'convenience of the restaurant location' and 'speedy service' as branch C(downtown type) through IPA analysis. The Overall customer satisfaction was 3.74 and service quality factors had significant effect on overall customer satisfaction. Location of restaurant, which gives a great effect on its operation and marketing, has a important correlation with success or failure of restaurant business enterprises. Therefore, marketing strategy by restaurant location should be developed.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.02a
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• pp.195-198
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• 2008

In this study we analyzed flood runoff and flood characteristics of an small urban river basin which is in an apartment complex in Yewol-Dong, Buchun-Si, Gyunggi-Do. A little discharge normally flows in the river, however this small river has a relatively high potential of flood damage risk in the flood season due to the high flood level and velocity. Therefore we used the GIS data, cross section data in the river, HEC-RAS model, etc. for investigating safety of a river against flood runoff and also we investigated the stability of hydraulic structures and ability of flood prevention in the river. As the result of investigation, we found that the river had the risk of flood damage occurrence due to the hydraulic structures constructed for various purposes in the river. So we should analyze backwater effect by the structures and consider the risk factors can be occurred by the flood runoff and velocity for more safe design of a small river basin in the residential area such as an apartment complex in the urban area.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.669-677
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• 2018

Torrential rain and drought are repeated due to the increase in the unpredictable fluctuating of rainfall patterns. It is time for stabilize water resource management in terms of disaster prevention. Distributed control from sources is needed to minimize damages caused by torrential rains and droughts. Rain barrel can be used to reduce the runoff as they collect and store rainwater. In response to this situation, Seoul Metropolitan Government and other local governments implemented a project to support the installation of rain barrel and provided 90% of the cost of installing it in private areas. However, with limited budget, it is difficult to distribute rainwater to the city which is mostly covered by private areas. In this study, Samho-dong, Ulsan, where pilot projects of water cycle leading city are underway, analyzed the effects of reducing the runoff with respect to the amount of rainwater that can be used, and analyzed the economics of recoverable investment cost when installed. From the analysis, it was established that it is possible to show sufficient efficiency with a small capacity without the need to install large rain barrel effectively in the private sector, and to support the installation cost of less than 70 percent of the rainwater can be recovered.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.207-212
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• 2009

This research is focused on the 'Resident-participated Workshop' which targets the improvement of residential environment of apartment complex from the residents' point of view. The purpose of the workshop is to induce the residents interest and encourage them to participate in design process, thus, residents will be satisfied with the result with affection and achievement. This research aims the effectiveness of 'Resident-participated' design plan as a program which enables them to maintain and self manage in the long run. The object of this research was the public space within the apartment complex of Susojugong Rental Apartment Complex in Gangnam-ku, Seoul and followings are the contents; 1. Method of 'Resident-participated Workshop'. 2. Program of 'Resident-participated Workshop'. 3. Design analysis of improved apartment complex through 'Resident-participated Workshop' and selection. As a result, it was noticeable that 'Resident-participated Workshop' was an important factor in decision making of designs from the very first stage through communication. As a part of workshop program, design game used cubic models which was useful to enhance the understanding of the participants. It also induced the cubic conception so that intercommunication with the design specialists was possible. But, the development of various workshop method to increase the residents' interest and participation is necessary, especially, program development is required to change the residents' attitude towards the design plan. It is anticipated that a continuous related research is neccsary in this regard.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.37-42
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• 2015

Purpose: Apartment is a typical residential type in Korea. In the past, apartment types were very monotonous. But today, the types of complex are changed because personal needs have been diversified and personalized. In order to meet those needs, construction companies are constructing various types of apartments. The more apartment types are diverse, the more the energy problems are taken place. So, the purpose of this study is to solve the problem of energy gap in the same complex through improving the thermal transmittance of wall. Method: Heating energy consumption of Building Energy Efficiency Rating System and heating energy usage of apartment show a similar trend on the graph. In order to identify the best position of heating energy consumption difference reduction, we change the building's U-value of front, back, side walls. Result: In the A complex, maximum and minimum heating energy consumption building's shapes are flat. the best efficiency is side U-value change and the worst is front change. In the E complex, maximum heating energy consumption building's shape is tower and minimum building shape is flat. Consequently, the front and back wall performance change was little effect to reduce energy gap, while the change of side wall's U-value show the great reduction between building's energy consumptions.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.205-214
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• 2004

This study focuses on the measurement of airborne Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in the Kumi electronic industrial complex during the time periods of August and September, 2002 and January and February, 2003. This study was based on the US-EPA method TO-14 while the VOCs were analyzed with GC/MSD. The toluene level revealed high concentration at all measurement sites. The areal rank of average concentrations of VOCs is as follows: industry1 > industry2 > urban > middle > residential. Concentrations of VOCs in Kumi electronic industrial ones were generally higher than at Yeochon and Ulsan industrial complexes. Dichloromethane and trichloroethylene, which are used as a cleaner in the process of electronic industries, were observed 4 to 8 times higher than those of other areas. Among the aromatic compounds, toluene showed the highest level, while the concentrations of dichloromethane and trichloroethylene were higher than those of other halogen compounds. In Kumi, toluene, trichloroethylene, and dichloromethane were confirmed as the major compounds of VOCs by this research.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.83-94
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• 2009

Environmental pollution becomes a serious problem in urban areas. Moreover, densely constructed strictures can be problematic to cities due to the rising temperature they cause as well as the increasing accumulation of air pollutants they generate by interrupting airflow. In order to improve residential amenity, it is necessary to improve the thermal environment by preserving wind corridors. To do so requires consideration to important aspects such as building arrangement, scale, vegetation, and land cover, which all have an effect on wind corridors. In this study, a typical arrangement-complex, which is the primary form of housing in Korea, was selected as a case ENVI-met. As a result of empirical analysis, the optimal apartment-complex arrangement that is most suitable for mitigating urban heat-islands phenomenon was determined, The outcome of this study can be utilized as a planning technique for apartment-complex construction in consideration to type of buildings, scale of buildings, and land cover.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.349-353
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• 2008

With the development of the internet and the spread of 'digital home', the communities in cyber space have been especially revitalized since the information-oriented society. Apartment houses provided networks that are well equipped with internet websites, which build up the houses as a virtual space unit. This study attempted to conducted the questionnaire research for apartment occupants in order to investigate their recognition of and participation in the virtual community and demand for the classified contents The results are as follows. 1) First of all, some easy-access programs are necessary to be groped while aggressive promotional strategies for virtual community that create interests of residents are required to make progress to increase the participation for virtual community 2) 'Gender', 'the form of ownership' and 'level of using the Internet' show significant differences in the case of 'needs in the like-minded people's association', the participation of residents that is induced by both online and offline can cause positive effects on community activity 3) Needs in community enrichment are generally high so that various contents development related to those are necessary. 4) Effects of virtual community on the residential community are on the whole affirmative.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.109-116
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• 2010

The city means not only a geographical area as a role of the spatial boundary, but also a socio-economic place to communicate with each area. It requires various functions to get the income and economic-activities. But city has a limitation of a available land to provide the required functions and a sufficient space to supply the urban activity. Therefore, the development trend of city has not been to spread to the horizontal area any more and considered the vertical area. In addition, various functions put into a massive building because many people want to solve the daily requirements without spending time and cost in outer area. In this paper, it aimed at classifying the mixed-use building into function, circulation, relation according to the public and private space and the building shape to provide the design information such as land area, functional complex, accessibility, etc.. The classification of the mixed-use buildings is divided into four areas. The data are collected with foreign countries in Japan, Europe and US. Results of the study are as follows; First, the commercial function is mainly centered with other functions. Second, after studied the development scale, accessibility, building form, the commercial and residential area overwhelmly share at the total area.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.242-247
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• 1999

The characteristics of waste heat effluents from 11 industrial complexes of 7 areas were analyzed to investigate the possibility of waste heat recovery of huge amount of waste heat producing from various industrial complexes. This study presents a part of the research work for the industrial waste heat for development of energy integrated network system in broad city area, which will utilize industrial waste heat for residential and commercial areas, where they are located at some distances from the complexes. The amount of waste heat from the investigated complexes was detected as 148,913 TOE/year. However, It was analyzed 83% of the waste heat was analyzed the temperature range from 0$^{\circ}C$ to 200$^{\circ}C$. Also, it was evaluated that 82% of waste heat was exhausted by flue gases. Especially, the characteristics of waste heat for the areas where most heat concentrated, such as Tae-gu industrial complex, Ul-san petrochemitry complex, Yio-chun petrochemistry complex, and Chun-ju industrial complex were investigated more precisely. Total amount of waste heat discharged from these four areas were analyzed 114,402 TOE/year, which was occupied as 77% of the total waste heat for the studied areas, and 87% of the waste heat from the industries was exhausted by flue gaseous phase and temperature range was from 0$^{\circ}C$ to 200$^{\circ}C$ 18.1 million TOE/year waste heat was released from the fossil fuel power plants, however 95% of waste heat was analyzed as cooling water from surface condensers at power plants. The temperature range was measured from 27$^{\circ}C$ to 34$^{\circ}C$, which are unable to utilize due to its low temperature. Otherwise, 5% (894,800 TOE/year) waste heat released from power plants were observed as flue gas, which temperature ranged from 90$^{\circ}C$ to 170$^{\circ}C$.