• The Journal of Natural Sciences
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.39-48
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• 2005

Many researchers consider the totality of Babylonian mathematics was profoundly elementary, but some of their mathematical knowledge achieved a novel comparable to the Greeks. The aim of this article is to provide a brief overview of the environmental and social background which made mathematical development. Historically, mathematics is always a product of society. So it is valuable to study historical background which have produced mathematics.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.45-46
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• 2003

배경대기(Background Atmosphere)란 배출원의 강도에 따라 다를 수 있으나 일반적으로 도시 또는 대규모의 발전소로부터의 영향이 적은 지역의 대기로써 인위적 오염원이 거의 없는 지역을 의미한다(WMO, 1978). 세계 기상기구(World Meteorological Organization: WMO)에서는 지구 대기가 인위 적인 오염원으로 인하여 생태계의 변화가 예상되고 인류의 생존이 위협받게 됨에 따라 이에 대한 대책으로 1969년에 배경대기오염관측망(Background Air Pollution Monitoring Network: BAPMoN)을 구축하여 장기적인 지구의 대기 환경 변화를 예측하기 위한 사업을 시작하였다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.111-111
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• 2005

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.35-44
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• 2014

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the readability of Nearly White background color in display environment. To perform the experiment, warmup experiment was carried out to for cognitive of whiteness using a Tablet PC. The experiment environment was by a indoor window seat under a mixture of fluorescent light and sunlight. The result of previous test was that the most whiteness perception was a color white a medium wavelength and followed by the short wavelength. The main experiment was to find readability, color combination and visual strains using 4 nearly whites background colors (Reddish, Greenish, Blueish, Yellowish) and one white background color, also text color is limited on black. As a result, readability and color combination had the highest score against a Greenish white background. Visual strain is also the lowest against a Greenish background. On the contrary, readability and color combination preference has the lowest score against the Reddish background. Visual strain is also the highest against a Reddish background. We propose the background color, which improves readability and reduces visual strain in visual display terminals environment through the research results.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.71-84
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• 2014

Background: Informal care is increasingly recognized as placing a significant burden on the lives of family caregivers. The purpose of this study is to investigate factors related to family caregivers' burden with the community-dwelling disabled elderly under the long-term care insurance system, using the Stress Process Model developed by Pearlin (1990). Methods: Total 1,233 family caregivers with the disabled elderly, using the long-term care services in their home from May to June 2009, completed questionnaires finally. The questionnaire of this study consists of a total of 32 questions, including 11 questions related to background and context, 17 questions related to objective stressors, and 4 questions related to coping resourses. Family caregivers' burden is measured by the Korean Revised Caregiving Appraisal Scale (K-RCAS, Cronbach's alpha=0.86). To investigate factors related to family caregivers' burden, multiple regression analysis was conducted. Results: The average score of caregivers' burden was 22.0 (${\pm}6.12$). In multiple regression analysis, there were statistically significant factors affecting on the family caregivers' burden, that are related to background and context (region, living status, education level, relationship with beneficiary), objective stressors (duration of caregiving), coping resourses (caregiver's health status). Conclusion: This study found that family caregivers experience a considerable burden. The findings suggest that policies must be taken to relieve family caregivers of their duties temporarily, and to support them with counselling and education.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.263-268
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• 2008

Bacterial leaf pustule (BLP) caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines is a serious disease to make pustule and chlorotic haloes in soybean [Glycine max (L). Merr.]. While inheritance mode and map positions of the BLP resistance gene, rxp are known, no sequence information of the gene was reported. In this study, we made five near isogenic lines (NILs) from separate backcrosses (BCs) of BLP-susceptible Hwangkeumkong $\times$ BLP-resistant SS2-2 (HS) and BLP-susceptible Taekwangkong$\times$ SS2-2 (TS) through foreground and background selection based on the four-stage selection strategy. First, 15 BC individuals were selected through foreground selection using the simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers Satt486 and Satt372 flanking the rxp gene. Among them, 11 BC plants showed the BLP-resistant response. The HS and TS lines chosen in foreground selection were again screened by background selection using 118 and 90 SSR markers across all chromosomes, respectively. Eventually, five individuals showing greater than 90% recurrent parent genome content were selected in both HS and TS lines. These NILs will be a unique biological material to characterize the rxp gene.

• Journal of Radiation Industry
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.219-224
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• 2023

A high-efficiency underwater radiation monitoring system, HydroGamma, has been developed for detecting ¹³⁷Cs and ¹³¹I in the event of waterborne radiation contamination. The system consists of a 3-inch NaI (Tl) detector, solar panels for power supply, data acquisition and transmission modules, and batteries. HydroGamma also includes a ⁴⁰K calibration source for remote performance evaluation and energy calibration. In this study, some simulations and experiments were carried out to evaluate the minimum detectable activities (MDA) of HydroGamma. We installed the HydroGamma at Tapjeongho Lake in Nonsan-si and acquired background data since MDA is calculated based on the experimental background data. The results show that the minimum detectable activities for ¹³⁷Cs and ¹³¹I were 1.78Bq L^-1 and 1.81Bq L^-1, respectively even though the gamma rays emitted from ⁴⁰K(1,460 keV) affect the minimum detectable activities for them.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.397.2-397
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• 2002

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.150-162
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• 2011

Personal health and environment is being aimed recently to show increase in preferences of eco-friendly cosmetics with longing of clean nature, and environment on pure plant ingredients. This study has the purpose of inquiring components and types of magazine advertisement in eco-friendly cosmetics and to analyze the model characteristics. The standards of analysis were classified as product, face, background, article, arrangement of colors, image, and eco-friendly factors. The results of this study are as follow. First, in inquiring the general characteristics of the magazine advertisement in eco-friendly cosmetics, the results were shown as the order of attention on product, face, background, article, arrangement of colors, image and eco-friendly factors. Second, in inquiring the components and types of magazine advertisement in eco-friendly cosmetics, the results showed an attentive difference in product, face, background, article, arrangement of colors and eco-friendly factors. Third, in inquiring relationships of model characteristics between domestic and foreign eco-friendly cosmetics, the results showed lots of domestic cosmetics advertising direct advertising, product type emerged was a lot of character type emerged. International cosmetics advertising, indirect advertising and highlighting the many articles that appeared prominently type is characterized.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.233-241
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• 2014

This paper contributes to development of a new method for detecting rear-side vehicles and estimating the positions for blind spot region or providing the lane change information by using vision systems. Because the real image acquired during car driving has a lot of information including the target vehicle and background image as well as the noises such as lighting and shading, it is hard to extract only the target vehicle against the background image with satisfied robustness. In this paper, the target vehicle has been detected by repetitive image processing such as sobel and morphological operations and a Kalman filter has been also designed to cancel the background image and prevent the misreading of the target image. The proposed method can get faster image processing and more robustness rather than the previous researches. Various experiments were performed on the highway driving situations to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm.