• 제목/요약/키워드: Representative Symptoms

검색결과 140건 처리시간 0.031초

체표온도특성(體表溫度特性)과 맥율(脈率)의 상관성(相關性) 연구(硏究) (A Study of Correlation between Pulse-Respiration Ratio and Characteristics of Thermal Temperature)

  • 이혁재;박영재;박영배;오환섭
    • 대한한의진단학회지
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    • 제12권1호
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    • pp.103-130
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    • 2008
  • Background: For standardizing of Han-Yeol [寒熱], which is a kind of diagnosis method in oriental medicine, it is necessary to investigate into relationship of symptoms and signs representative of Han-Yeol [寒熱] to the biofunctional medical signals; thermal temperature by Thermography, Pulse-Respiration Ratio and so on. By correlation analysis of these data items acquired from patients, it could be provides the fundamental data for standardizing of Han-Yeol [寒熱]. Objectives: We performed this study to check the characteristics of thermal temperature with Han-Yeol [寒熱] statue by pulse-respiration ratio. Methods: We selected nine regions around acupoints including Yin dang[印堂], Sugu[水溝, GV26], Ch'ondol[天突, CV22], Chonjung[CV17], Chung-wan[中脘, CV12], Chonchu[天樞 S25], No-gung[勞官, P8], and calculated based on the utility of R.O.I.(Region of Integer) by IR-2000 these points temperature from 68 subjects. In practicing pulse-respiration ratio over 4.0 means the statues of Yeol [熱], pulse-respiration ratio below 4.0 means the statues of Han [寒]. To optimum conditions thermal temperature, which are not effected by internal and external variables, we studied preceding research. The results shows that optimal time period is 20minutes after undressed and the optimal region is the region around acupoints including Sugu [水溝, GV26]. Based on a preceding research results, we analyzed these data by Paired T-test between GV26 Region and 8-Thermography Regions and two-way repeated ANOVA with thermography$({\Delta}T)$ and Han-Yeol [寒熱] statue by pulse-respiration ratio. Results: 1. In applying of two-way repeated ANOVA with thermography$({\Delta}T)$ and Han-Yeol [寒熱] statue by pulse-respiration ratio, Sugu [水溝穴, GV26] - [印堂穴, HN1], Sugu 水溝, GV26] - Chonjung[CV17], Sugu [水溝, GV26] -Chung-wan[中脘, CV12]had significant differences. 2. In applying of Paired T-test between Sugu [水溝穴, GV26] Region and 8- Thermography Regions, there were significant differences except of Sugu [水溝穴, GV26] -Chondolp[天突, CV22]. 3. In the difference of Sugu [水溝, GV26] -Chung-wan[中脘, CV12], thermal temperature increases a lot in the statues of Yeol [熱], thermal temperature decreases a lot in the statues of Han [寒]. Conclusions: On the analysis of Thermography, we obtain the measurement conditions were considered the individual variations. And it is different that the thermal temperature change on Thermography according to Han-Yeol [寒熱] statue by pulse-respiration ratio.

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추주(鄒澍)의 의학사상(醫學思想)에 대한 연구(硏究) [약리설(藥理設)을 중심(中心)으로] (A research on the medical theory of Choo-Joo(鄒澍) --)

  • 임진석;박찬국
    • 대한한의학원전학회지
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    • 제9권
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    • pp.381-429
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    • 1996
  • Choo-Joo(鄒澍;1790-1844) was the medicine scholar who lived in the late peroid of the Chung-Dynasty and wrote "Bon-Kyung-So-Jeung(本經疏證)", "Bon-kyung-Sok-So(本經續疏)", "Bon-Kyng-Seo-So-Yo(本經序疏要)". In the books mentioned above, He annotated the chief effectiveness of herbal medicine(本草) which had been presented on "Shin-Nong-Bon-Cho-Kyung(神農本草經)" and "Myoung-Eui-Byul-Lok(名醫別錄)". He defined medical action of 315 herb-items with the many theories of various scholars. Scholars whom Choo-Joo has qoutated belong to the school of study of Chinese classics, and they have regarded "Hwang-Je-Nae-Kyung(黃帝內經)", "Shin-Nong-Bon-Cho-Kyung(神農本草經)" and "Sang-Han-Lon(傷寒論)" as great important cannon and have lived during the Myoung Chung Dynasty. The distinctive character of Choo-Joo belongs to similar academic traditions. It seems that he was appected mainly by "Bon-Cho-Gang-Mok(本草綱目)" written by Lee-Si-Jin(李時珍), Mok-Jung-Soon(繆仲淳)'s "Sin-Nonng-Bon-Cho-Kyung-So(神農本草經疏)", You-Yak-Guem(劉若金)'s "Bon-Cho-Sul(本草述)" and Yang-Si-Tae(楊時泰)'s "Bon-Cho-Sul-Gu-Won(本草述鉤元)". He contributed in two big sides. First, Choo-Joo(鄒澍) have achieved much contribution in biliographical study of Chinese classics(考證學). He analyzed the medical theory of herb-medicine, combining with "Nae-Kyung(內經)", "Sang-Han-Lon(傷寒論)" and many theory of various scholars in order to make research on the chief effectiveness that had been presented in "Shin-Nong-Bon-Cho-Kyung(神農本草經)". Therefore the practical application of medical theory and term which had been represented on classics were offered. Secondary, Choo-joo did great accomplishment in pharmacology. The point of his theory was grasping the effect of a medicine through distinctive one beyond general feature. He set up standards that grasp distintive feature as form, color, energy and taste, place of production and temper. And on the basis of these standards he investigated distinctive feature on various fields, then he induced 'the Uem-Yang-0-Haeng Theory(陰陽五行說)' from distictions. According to the these method of classification, form(形) stand for the resultant shape of herbal function, color(色) represent the active direction of herb, energy and taste(氣味) imply the ultimate active function of herb, the place of production(産地) and the period of occurrence(發生時期) symbolize symptoms. When he applied these method to seek for effetiveness, he regarded the field which revealed most representative feature as of great importance, and Combining remained distinctions with one another, he determined more accurate medicinal value. These method of obsevation solved contradiction which occured by equaly appling all medical herbs for the regular standard. The most important theory that represented in Choo-Joo(鄒澍) is to induce and to certify the distintive feature of herb into the 'Uem-Yang-0-Haeng Theory'. That is, concluded as "spring(生), growing(長), change(化), collecting(收) and storing(藏)". As the results of these studies, he made clear the action of medicine more concretly and made 'the Uem-Yang-0-Haeng Theory(陰陽五行說)' more concret and actual for applying. And he contrbuted to establish the standard for grasping the effect of medicines.

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폐경후 호르몬대체요법에 대한 인터넷 웹싸이트 자료 내용 및 학술 연구 경향 분석과 국내 한방병원 내원환자에 관한 연구 (A Study about the News Searched on Web-site Related to HRT and Analysis of Perimenopausal and Postmenopausal Patient Who Visited Dept, of Ob&Gy Korean Medicine Hospital)

  • 김동일
    • 대한한방부인과학회지
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    • 제19권1호
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    • pp.219-235
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    • 2006
  • Purpose : To investigate the medical information related to HRT online and the medical treatment of perimenopausal and postmenopausal women in the Dept. of Ob&Gy Korean Medicine Hospital, after the discontinuance of the WHI trial in U.S, July 2002. Methods : With the key-words "HRT", "Hormone Replacement therapy", "호르몬 대체요법(HRT)", 갱년기 증후군(perimenopausal syndrome)", “폐경기후증후군(postmenopausal syndrome)", I searched for the information from July 2002 to 2005 on DAUM, the representative portal site in Korea, and I've got a grasp of the tendency of the informational propagation on HRT. Moreover, I investigated chief complaints and tendency of give up HRT of the perimenopausal and postmenopausal women(aged between 47 and 60) who visited Dept. of Ob&Gy Korean Medicine Hospital for 2 years and 6 months since July 2002. Results : 1) Searching for the news on DAUM, I found; 2 articles on the methods of HRT: 4 on the positive effects of HRT: 4 on the general items including the positive effects of HRT: 19 on the side effects of HRT: 1 on the insignificant effect of HRT :4 on the apprehensions about HRT: 3 on the strengthening of the criteria on medical fees review: 3 on the discontinuance of HRT: 8 on the alternative materials and medicines to HRT: 4 on the guidance for the phyto-estrogen. 2) I analyzed chief complaints of 120 women. The majority of chief complaints were vasomotor symptoms like hot flush and sweating. There were only 4 patients who wanted to give up HRT. Conclusion : The side effects of HRT were objectively dealt with online but there was not enough effective and continuous guidance. In the case that a woman not on HRT wishes to overcome perimenopausal period through KM therapy, this information may have affected her decision. However, not many women who were already on HRT terminated the therapy for fear of side effects and switched to KM therapy. Promotion of KM therapy in improving health during perimenopausal and postmenopausal period is desperately needed.

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Prediction of itching diagnostic marker through RNA sequencing of contact hypersensitivity and skin scratching stimulation mice models

  • Kim, Young-Won;Zhou, Tong;Ko, Eun-A;Kim, Seongtae;Lee, Donghee;Seo, Yelim;Kwon, Nahee;Choi, Taeyeon;Lim, Heejung;Cho, Sungvin;Bae, Gwanhui;Hwang, Yuseong;Kim, Dojin;Park, Hyewon;Lee, Minjae;Jang, Eunkyung;Choi, Jeongyoon;Bae, Hyemi;Lim, Inja;Bang, Hyoweon;Ko, Jae-Hong
    • The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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    • 제23권2호
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    • pp.151-159
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    • 2019
  • Pruritus (itching) is classically defined as an unpleasant cutaneous sensation that leads to scratching behavior. Although the scientific criteria of classification for pruritic diseases are not clear, it can be divided as acute or chronic by duration of symptoms. In this study, we investigated whether skin injury caused by chemical (contact hypersensitivity, CHS) or physical (skin-scratching stimulation, SSS) stimuli causes initial pruritus and analyzed gene expression profiles systemically to determine how changes in skin gene expression in the affected area are related to itching. In both CHS and SSS, we ranked the Gene Ontology Biological Process terms that are generally associated with changes. The factors associated with upregulation were keratinization, inflammatory response and neutrophil chemotaxis. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway shows the difference of immune system, cell growth and death, signaling molecules and interactions, and signal transduction pathways. Il1a, Il1b and Il22 were upregulated in the CHS, and Tnf, Tnfrsf1b, Il1b, Il1r1 and Il6 were upregulated in the SSS. Trpc1 channel genes were observed in representative itching-related candidate genes. By comparing and analyzing RNA-sequencing data obtained from the skin tissue of each animal model in these characteristic stages, it is possible to find useful diagnostic markers for the treatment of itching, to diagnose itching causes and to apply customized treatment.

노년기 기능장애의 이질적 발달궤적과 예측요인 (The Heterogeneous Trajectories of Functional Disability in Older Adults and Their Predictors)

  • 이현주
    • 한국노년학
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    • 제37권1호
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    • pp.15-32
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    • 2017
  • 본 연구는 노년기 기능장애의 평균적인 변화가 아니라 하위집단에 따라 어떻게 다른 변화가 나타나는지 분석하고, 건강 및 사회적 특성의 변화가 기능장애 변화와 어떠한 관련을 갖는지 분석하였다. 분석 자료는 고령화연구패널조사(Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing)의 1차 년도에서 4차 년도까지의 자료를 사용하였다. 기능장애의 이질적 발달궤적을 분석하기 위해 Latent Class Growth Analysis(LCGA)를 사용하였고, 잠재계층에 대한 건강 및 사회적 특성 변화의 영향력을 알아보기 위해 다항로지스틱 회귀분석(Multinomial logistic analysis)을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 우리나라 65세 이상 지역사회 거주노인의 기능장애 변화에서 평균 변화궤적으로 설명될 수 없는 다양한 변화양상이 확인되었다. 전체 노인의 78%가 독립적 기능형으로 나타났고, 17.3%의 노인은 상당한 수준의 기능장애 변화를 경험하였다. 즉 4.4%는 높은 기능장애 지속형에, 7.1%는 급격한 증가형에, 5.5%는 완만한 증가형에, 그리고 4.7%는 중간-감소형에 속하였다. 또한 우울증상이나 인지기능이 악화되는 것과, 사회참여와 친한 사람과의 만남이 감소하는 것이 기능장애 증가를 높이는 주요 위험요인으로 나타났다. 지역사회 거주노인의 기능장애가 개인에 따라 다양한 양상으로 변화한다는 것을 실증적으로 분석한 본 연구 결과에 근거할 때, 노년기 기능장애를 보다 세분화하여 이해하는 것이 필요하며, 각 집단에 따른 특성을 고려한 차별적인 연구와 실천이 이루어져야 할 것이다.

일회용 써클소프트렌즈의 초과 착용에 의한 정상안의 자·타각적 증상 및 렌즈 광투과율의 변화 (Changes in Subjective/Objective Symptoms and the Light Transmissibility of Lens Associated with Overusage of Daily Disposable Circle Contact Lenses in Normal Eyes)

  • 박미정;권해림;최새아;김소라
    • 한국안광학회지
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    • 제18권4호
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    • pp.429-439
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    • 2013
  • 목적: 본 연구에서는 일회용 써클콘택트렌즈(이하 써클렌즈)의 초과 착용으로 유발될 수 있는 자각적 및 타각적 변화와 광투과율의 변화를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 3가지 다른 재질(hilafilcon B, nelfilcon A, etafilcon A)의 일회용 써클렌즈를 안질환이 없으며 눈물량이 정상인 20대 20안에게 각각 착용시키고 자각적 불편감, 착용자의 순목횟수, 비침습성 눈물막 파괴시간(NIBUT), 각막에서의 렌즈 중심안정위치 및 렌즈 가시광선 투과율를 렌즈 착용직후와 착용자가 불편감을 호소하여 더 이상 렌즈를 착용하지 못하였을 때에 각각 측정한 후 비교하였다. 결과: 일회용 써클렌즈의 평균 착용권장시간인 8시간을 초과하여 15시간 이상 착용하였을 때부터 착용감 저하를 호소하였으며, 30시간 이상 착용 시에는 대부분의 피검자가 렌즈 착용을 중단하였다. 렌즈 착용중단시점에서 대표적인 자각적인 불편감은 뻑뻑함, 건조감 및 피곤함이었다. 일회용 써클렌즈의 초과착용 시 순목횟수는 착용직후에 비해 증가하는 경향을, NIBUT값은 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 렌즈 착용중단시점에서 렌즈의 중심안정위치는 착용직후에 비해 동공 중심으로부터 벗어나는 경향을 보였다. 이러한 결과는 모든 렌즈에서 나타나는 결과이었으나 렌즈 재질의 종류나 개인에 따라서 자각적 및 타각적인 변화 정도의 차이가 존재하였으며 렌즈의 가시광선 투과도의 변화는 크게 나타났다. 결론: 이상의 결과에서 일회용 써클렌즈의 초과착용 시 감소된 NIBUT값은 건조감과 뻑뻑함을, 가시광선 투과도의 감소는 순목횟수 증가를 유발하는 것으로 생각되었으며 이는 중심안정위치의 이탈과 자각적 불편감의 증가를 야기시키는 것으로 생각되었다. 그러나 개인 및 렌즈 재질의 종류에 따라서 그 정도의 차이가 크며, 이로 인하여 개인에 따라서는 예상치 못한 문제가 발생될 수 있으므로 일일 권장착용시간 준수의 필요성 및 문제점의 교육이 필수적이라 하겠다.

독거여부와 거주지역에 따른 중년기와 노년기 남성과 여성의 악력 차이 (Differences in Grip Strength by Living Conditions and Living Area among Men and Women in Middle and Later Life)

  • 주수산나;전혜정;박하영
    • 한국노년학
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    • 제38권3호
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    • pp.551-567
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    • 2018
  • 본 연구의 목적은 독거여부와 거주지역에 따라 중년기와 노년기 남성과 여성의 악력에 차이가 있는지를 탐색하는 데에 있다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 한국고령화연구패널 5차년도 자료를 활용하였다. 독립변수는 독거여부와 거주지역(도시, 비도시)이며, 종속변수는 악력이다. 통제변수로는 연령, 교육수준, 로그변환된 가구소득, 배우자 여부, BMI(Body Max Index), 주관적 건강, 우울감, 인지기능 수준, 흡연여부, 규칙적 운동여부, 친한 친구와 만나는 횟수, 참여하는 사회적 모임의 수가 모형에 포함되었다. 분석은 중년기 남성과 여성, 노년기 남성과 여성을 대상으로 각각 실시되었으며, 분산분석과 카이검증, 상관분석, 회귀분석을 통해 자료가 분석되었다. 회귀분석 이후 유의한 분석결과에 대한 구체적인 논의를 위해 독거여부와 거주지역의 상호작용항이 유의한 집단을 대상으로 분산분석과 카이검증이 추가적으로 실시되었다. 모든 분석에는 한국고령화연구패널의 5차년도 횡단 가중치가 적용되었다. 본 연구결과 노년기 여성들의 악력 평균이 악력의 이상치를 판별하는 절단점 점수와 유사한 것으로 나타나 노년기 여성들이 다른 생애주기나 노년기 남성들과 비교했을 때 악력과 관련하여 임상적 취약집단에 속하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 중년 남성과 노년기 남성, 노년기 여성에게서는 독거여부와 거주지역에 따른 악력 차이가 통계적으로 유의미하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 중년 여성들에게 있어서는 독거여부와 거주지역에 따른 악력 차이가 통계적으로 유의미한 것으로 나타났다. 구체적으로, 비도시 지역에 홀로 거주하는 독거 중년 여성이 다른 중년 여성들에 비해 평균적으로 가장 낮은 악력을 가진 것으로 나타났다. 추가적인 분석에 따르면 비도시 독거 중년 여성은 낮은 학력과 낮은 가구 소득 등 다른 중년 여성들에 비해 건강에 더 취약한 요인들을 많이 가지고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 본 연구결과는 노년기 여성과 비도시에 홀로 거주하는 중년기 독거 여성들에게 악력과 관련된 개입이 필요함을 시사한다. 본 연구는 국가 전체를 대표하는 대표성 있는 패널자료를 사용하여 가중치를 적용한 분석을 통해 일반화 가능성을 높였다는 점에서 중노년기 악력과 관련한 정책적 대상자를 선정하는 것과 관련한 신뢰성 있는 정보를 제공할 수 있다는 의의가 있다.

UCC(user-created-contents) 웹 사이트에서 사용자의 인성이 감정적, 인지적 평가와 UCC 활용에 미치는 영향 (The Effect of Users' Personality on Emotional and Cognitive Evaluation in UCC Web Site Usage)

  • 문윤지;강소라;김우곤
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • 제20권3호
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    • pp.167-190
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    • 2010
  • The research conducted here focuses on the effect of factors that affect the behavior of UCC (User Created Content) website users, other than user's rational recognition of how useful a UCC website can be. Most discussions in the existing literature on information systems have focused on users' evaluation how a UCC website can help to attain the users' own goals. However, there are other factors and this research pays attention to an individual's 'personality,' which is stable and biological in nature. Specifically, I have noted here that 'extroversion' and 'neuroticism,' the two common personality factors presented in Eysenck's most representative 'EPQ Model' and 'Big Five Model,' are the two personality factors that affect a site's 'usefulness,' by this I mean how useful does the user consider the website and its content. How useful a site is considered by the user is the other factor that has been regarded as the antecedent factor that influences the adoption of information systems in the existing MIS (Management Information System) research. Secondly, as using or creating a UCC website does not guarantee the user's or the creator's extrinsic motivation, unlike when using the information system within an organization, there is a greater likelihood that the increase in user's activities in relation to a UCC website is motivated by emotional factors rather than rational factors. Thus, I have decided to include the relationship between an individual's personality and what they find pleasurable in the research model. Thirdly, when based on the S-O-R Paradigm of Mehrabian and Russell, the two cognitive factors and emotional factors are finally affected by stimulus, and thus these factors ultimately have an effect on an individual's respondent behavior. Therefore, this research has presented an assumption that the recognition of how useful the site and content is and what emotional pleasure it provides will finally affect the behavior of the UCC website users. Finally, the relationship between the recognition of how useful a site is and how pleasurable it is to useand UCC usage may differ depending on certain situational conditions. In other words, the relationship between the three factors may vary according to how much users are involved in the creation of the website content. Creation thus emerges as the keyword of UCC. I analyzed the above relationships through the moderating variable of the user's involvement in the creation of the site. The research result shows the following: When it comes to the relationship between an individual's personality and what they find pleasurable it is extroverted users who have a greater likelihood to feel pleasure when using a UCC website, as was expected in this research. This in turn leads to a more active usage of the UCC web site because a person who is an extrovert likes to spend time on activities with other people, is sensitive to new experiences and stimuli and thus actively responds to these. An extroverted person accepts new UCC activities as part of his/her social life, rather than getting away from this new UCC environment. This is represented by the term 'Foxonomy' where the users meet a variety of users from all over the world and contact new types of content created by these users. However, neuroticism creates the opposite situation to that created by extroversion. The representative symptoms of neuroticism are instability, stress, and tension. These dispositions are more closely related to stress caused by a new environment rather than this creatingcuriosity or pleasure. Thus, neurotic persons have an uneasy feeling and will eventually avoid the situation where their own or others' daily lives are frequently exposed to the open web environment, this eventually makes them have a negative attitude towards the web environment. When it comes to an individual's personality and how useful site is, the two personality factors of extroversion and neuroticism both have a positive relationship with the recognition of how useful the site and its content is. The positive, curious, and social dispositions of extroverted persons tend to make them consider the future usefulness and possibilities of a new type of information system, or website, based on their positive attitude, which has a significant influence on the recognition of how useful these UCC sites are. Neuroticism also favorably affects how useful a UCC website can be through a different mechanism from that of extroversion. As the neurotic persons tend to feel uneasy and have much doubt about a new type of information system, they actively explore its usefulness in order to relieve their uncomfortable feelings. In other words, neurotic persons seek out how useful a site can be in order to secure their own stable feelings. Meanwhile, extroverted persons explore how useful a site can be because of their positive attitude and curiosity. As a lot of MIS research has revealed that the recognition of how useful a site can be and how pleasurable it can be to use have been proven to have a significant effect on UCC activity. However, the relationship between these factors reveals different aspects based on the user's involvement in creation. This factor of creationgauges the interest of users in the creation of UCC contents. Involvement is a variable that shows the level of an individual's mental effort in creating UCC contents. When a user is highly involved in the creation process and makes an enormous effort to create UCC content (classed a part of a high-involvement group), their own pleasure and recognition of how useful the site is have a significantly higher effect on the future usage of the UCC contents, more significantly than the users who sit back and just retrieve the UCC content created by others. The cognitive and emotional response of those in the low-involvement group is unlikely to last long,even if they recognize the contents of a UCC website is pleasurable and useful to them. However, the high-involvement group tends to participate in the creation and the usage of UCC more favorably, connecting the experience with their own goals. In this respect, this research presents an answer to the question; why so many people are participating in the usage of UCC, the representative form of the Web 2.0 that has drastically involved more and more people in the creation of UCC, even if they cannot gain any monetary or social compensation. Neither information system nor a website can succeed unless it secures a certain level of user base. Moreover, it cannot be further developed when the reasons, or problems, for people's participation are not suitably explored, even if it has a certain user base. Thus, what is significant in this research is that it has studied users' respondent behavior based on an individual's innate personality, emotion, and cognitive interaction, unlike the existing research that has focused on 'compensation' to explain users' participation with the UCC website. There are also limitations in this research. Firstly, I divided an individual's personality into extroversion and neuroticism; however, there are many other personal factors such as neuro-psychiatricism, which also needs to be analyzed for its influence on UCC activities. Secondly, as a UCC website comes in many types such as multimedia, Wikis, and podcasting, these types need to be included as a sub-category of the UCC websites and their relationship with personality, emotion, cognition, and behavior also needs to be analyzed.

일회용 써클소프트렌즈의 일일 초과착용 시 유발되는 건성안의 자각적 불편감, 순목횟수, 중심안정 및 렌즈 광투과율의 변화 (Changes in Subjective Discomfort, Blinking Rate, Lens Centration and the Light Transmittance of Lens Induced by Exceeding Use of Daily Disposable Circle Contact Lenses in Dry Eyes)

  • 박미정;강신영;장정이;한아름;김소라
    • 한국안광학회지
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    • 제19권2호
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    • pp.153-162
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    • 2014
  • 목적: 본 연구에서는 건성안이 일회용 써클소프트렌즈(이하 써클렌즈)의 권장착용시간을 초과하여 하루 이상 착용하였을 때 나타나는 자각적 및 타각적 변화와 렌즈 가시광선투과율의 변화에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 서로 다른 재질(hilafilcon B, nelfilcon A 및 etafilcon A)의 3가지 일회용 써클렌즈를 눈물량이 정상보다 적은 20대의 건성안(30안)에게 착용시키고 자각적 불편감, 착용자의 순목횟수, 각막에서의 렌즈중심안정위치 및 렌즈 가시광선투과율을 렌즈 착용직후와 착용자가 자각적 불편감의 증가로 더 이상 렌즈를 착용하지 못하였을 때에 각각 측정한 후 비교하였다. 결과: 일회용 써클렌즈의 재질에 따라 차이는 존재하였지만 10시간 이상 착용하였을 때부터 자각적 불편감을 호소하며 렌즈착용을 중단하였다. 그러나 비이온성 써클렌즈의 경우는 40시간 이상을 착용하는 건성안도 20% 정도로 나타났다. 건성안은 세 가지 재질 가운데 etafilcon A 재질 써클렌즈의 초과착용 시 가장 민감하게 자각적 불편감을 느끼는 것으로 나타났다. 써클렌즈 착용중단시점에서 대표적인 자각적인 불편감은 이물감, 뻑뻑함, 건조감 및 피곤함이었다. 일회용 써클렌즈를 초과착용하였을 때 순목횟수는 착용직후와 비교하여 렌즈재질에 관계없이 약 20~30%정도 통계적으로 유의하게 증가하였다. 렌즈착용 직후보다 착용 마지막 날에서 수직방향의 렌즈중심안정위치는 동공중심에 가까워졌으나 수평방향은 그 분포가 넓게 나타났으며, 특히 etafilcon A 재질 렌즈의 경우는 중심잡기가 불안정하였다. 또한 새 렌즈와 비교했을 때 초과착용한 후 렌즈의 가시광선투과율은 세 종류 렌즈 모두에서 평균적으로 15%가량 감소하였다. 결론: 이상의 결과에서 건성안에서 일회용 써클렌즈의 초과착용은 건조감과 뻑뻑함을 증가시켜 과도한 이물감을 느끼게 되며, 이는 가시광선투과율의 감소와 더불어 순목횟수의 유의한 증가를 유발하고 궁극적으로는 렌즈중심안정위치의 이탈을 초래함을 알 수 있었다. 또한 개인 및 렌즈재질에 따라서 정도의 차이는 있었으나 건성안은 정상안보다 고함수, 이온성렌즈의 초과착용에 자, 타각적으로 예민하게 반응함을 밝혔다. 따라서 본 연구결과는 건성안의 써클렌즈 착용으로 유발될 수 있는 문제점 및 부작용의 교육을 위한 기초 자료로 제시될 수 있다.

${\ll}$방약합편(方藥合編)${\gg}$에 대한 연구 (A Study on Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n)

  • 김형태;윤창열
    • 대한한의학원전학회지
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    • 제5권
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    • pp.151-199
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    • 1992
  • A study on Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n, one of the most widely-known Korean medicine books, has been conducted and the findings are as follows:the political and social background at the end of Yi-dynasty amidst the inflow of western civilization and the aggression of foreign forces can be seen as a historical period of trial, when civilization and independence had to be preserved at the same time, during the period, the social trend was to pursue a rapid practical solution rather than a profound theory. Responding to this trend, simple and easy medical science became to prevailand the representative medicine book of this kind was Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n. 1. Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n was written comprising the characteristics of simple and easy medical science with a view to popularizing-collection of logics, easy readability, medical science in time, etc. 2. Bang Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n, rich and grand in content, came out of Dong-$\breve{U}$i-Bo-Gam at the right moment as a pragmatic guide book of Korea medical practice symbolizing Korean spirit. 3. Do-yun Whang whose pen name was Hye-Am was born in Changwon, Kyungnam-do as the 18th descendant of Changwon Whang family. He engaged in medical practice in Seoul and wrote and edited Boo-Bang-Py$\breve{u}$n-Ram. $\breve{U}$i-Jong-Son-Ik, $\breve{U}$i-J$\breve{u}$ng-Son-Ik-Bu-Yeo, $\breve{U}$i-Bang-Whan-Tu, ect. and made his son, Pil-Su follow him and let him edit Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n, which put $\breve{U}$i-Bang-Whal-Tu and Son-Ik-Bon-Cho together. 4. The construct of Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n can be subdivied into three parts: herbs of 34 classes and 514 kinds were arranged on the upper part and $\breve{U}$i-Bang-Whal-Tu was arranged on the middle end lower part. Such arrangement can be very effective in clinics. 5. Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n as a curative book of Korean medical science has been a necessary another ego for many Korean medical practioners. It also played a great role of enhancing Korean oriental medical science to be widely used by Koreans. On the other hand, it produced a side effect of emergence of employed medical practioner who lacked in scholastic aptitude. 6. Tens or newly edited Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n have been issued. Among them, Jung-Jeong, Bang-Yak-Hap-py$\breve{u}$n, J$\breve{u}$ng-Mak-Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n. By$\breve{u}$n-J$\breve{u}$ng-Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n, and By$\breve{u}$n-J$\breve{u}$ng-Bang-Yak-Jung-Jeon have been widely known. Lately, Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n which includes more symptoms and remedies or is translated into Korean came out in several kinds. 7. The number of korea classical medicinal books quoted in Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n is 68, among which Dong-$\breve{U}$i-Bo-Gam Occupies the top in the list enlisting 69 medicinal treatment. This Shows that Dong-$\breve{U}$i-Bo-Gam gave birth to Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n.

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