• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.834-840
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• 2013

This study aims to suggest practical considerations for designing protective clothing with increased visibility that will have higher user acceptance by law enforcement officers. Light-emitting diode(LED) patrol vests were visually and structurally assessed, and 125 police officers' responses from surveys about user acceptance of the vest were analyzed. The current LED patrol vest was designed for enhanced safety of police officers by increasing visibility in the dark. However, the user acceptance rate of the LED patrol vest indicates low use of and low satisfaction with the vest despite its enhanced safety features. In particular, differences in materials, design, functionality of the pockets and size of the vest depending on the hours worked, were statistically significant. The police officers' responses suggest areas of improvement in design, materials, ease of movement, size and functionality. Key issues include 'tactile discomfort'; 'impeded vision from the glare of the LED'; 'frequent malfunctions of the LED'; 'impossible repair of the broken LED units'; 'no user feedback'; 'inconvenient to replace batteries'; 'brittle materials' and 'unpleasing look'. To increase user acceptance, designer should incorporate context-awareness, a convenient user interface, a modular design approach, first responders' self-image as public servants in relation to their aesthetic perspectives of their uniforms, and scientific evaluation of the effectiveness of the intended functions of the clothing. Suggested implications for designing the LED patrol vest can be applied to designing other functional/protective clothing for intended end users with special needs.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2007년도 동계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.459-465
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• 2007

This study was conducted to calculate the LCC of a apartment complex with a type of heating system, district heating and cogeneration system. For the purpose of analyzing LCC according to size of apartment complex, 500, 1,500 and 4,000 houses of model apartment selected. This research performs design of heating system and the life cycle cost analysis including an initial cost, energy cost, maintenance and operation cost, replacement cost and renovation cost during the project period(15years). According to the calculated results, 1) Initial cost of cogeneration system with 500, 1500 and 4000 houses is higher than district heating system each of 20%, 13%, 12%. 2) In case of cogeneration system, the payback period by electric generation is 5.21, 4.92 and 4.47 years and saving cost was calculated 29 billion won, 94 billion won and 262 billion won after payback period. 3) Cogeneration system LCC was 1.12, 1.07 and 1.06 times larger than district system with the size of apartment complex. According to the case of this study district heating system is more efficient than cogeneration system in terms of the reduction of LCC. 4) Gas Engine Co-generation System is more efficient than other systems because it can collect progressive part from electric charge progressive stage system. However, the efficiency is decreasing because of raising of fuel bills(LNG) and lowering of power rate for house use. Especially the engine is foreign-made so the cost of maintenance and repair is high and the technical expert is short. 5) District heating is also affected by fuel bills so we should improve energy efficiency through recovering of waste heat(incineration heat, etc.). Also, we should supply district cooling on the pattern of heat using of let the temperature high in winter and low in summer.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제40권
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• pp.11.1-11.5
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• 2018

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most commonly occurring malignant tumor in the oral cavity. In South Korea, it occurs most frequently in the mandible, tongue, maxilla, buccal mucosa, other areas of the oral cavity, and lips. Radial forearm free flap (RFFF) is the most widely used reconstruction method for the buccal mucosal defect. The scar of the forearm donor, however, is highly visible and unsightly, and a secondary surgical site is needed when such technique is applied. For these reasons, buccal fat pad (BFP) flap has been commonly used for closing post-surgical excision sites since the recent decades because of its reliability, ease of harvest, and low complication rate. Case presentation: In the case reported herein, BFP flap was used to reconstruct a cheek mucosal defect after excision. The defect was completely covered by the BFP flap, without any complications. Conclusion: Discussed herein is the usefulness of BFP flap for the repair of the cheek mucosal defect. Also, further studies are needed to determine the possibility of using BFP flap when the defect is deep, and the maximum volume that can be harvested considering the changes in volume with age.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.876-887
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to determine the fundamental foot measurement data that is essential for a shoes size system of women in their 20~30s according to a survey of Korean hand-made shoes companies. This research on the current situation of shoes companies was done by interviewing and surveying employees of these companies. The subjects for this study were 407 women in their 20s~30s who lived in a metropolitan area, and who wanted to enhance their foot health and prevent injury with a proper shoes size system. They were measured with the 3D scan method in use of 6th Size Korea. The result of this study showed that there is considerable dissatisfaction related to women's shoes and the current foot size system using foot length. The Korean hand-made shoes companies assessed here did not use the KS system, but they recognized the necessity of measuring the foot width and circumference, understanding that doing so properly can decrease the return and repair rate. And current target age for shoes bye the hand-made shoes companies was reported to be approximately 5 years. There were significant results according to ANOVA, factor and cluster analyses according to the age range pertaining to the foot length, circumference and height. Each element was significantly correlated with user's satisfaction. There were 5 factors and 3 clusters represented, and foot circumstance and width were as important as foot length with a range of 5 years.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.91-105
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• 2016

One of the most commonly used techniques to strengthen steel reinforced concrete structures is the application of externally bonded patches in the form of carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) or recently, textile reinforced cements (TRC). These external patches undertake the tensile stress of bending constraining concrete cracking. Development of full-field inspection methodologies for fracture monitoring are important since the reinforcing layers are not transparent, hindering visual observation of the material condition underneath. In the present study acoustic emission (AE) and digital image correlation (DIC) are applied during four-point bending tests of large beams to follow the damage accumulation. AE helps to determine the onset of fracture as well as the different damage mechanisms through the registered shifts in AE rate, location of active sources and change in waveform parameters. The effect of wave propagation distance, which in large components and in-situ can well mask the original information as emitted by the fracture incidents is also discussed. Simultaneously, crucial information is supplied by DIC concerning the moments of stress release of the patches due to debonding, benchmarking the trends monitored by AE. From the point of view of mechanics, conclusions on the reinforcing contribution of the different repair methodologies are also drawn.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2005

Background : It is well-known that esophageal perforation (EP) is difficult in diagnosis and has high mortality rate despite proper management. There are disputes in regarding the reatment in cases of delayed diagnosis although in the early diagnosed cases, operation is recommended without arguments. Methods: From April, 2001 to December, 2004, nine patients who were diagnosed as EP in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively about the causes, the interval between the cause and the treatment, and operation methods. Results: There were 8 male and one female with men age of 49.3 years (range: 25-67 years). The causes of EP included perforations following operations of corvical spine in three cases, spontaneous perforation(Boehaave syndrome) in two cases, foreign bodies in two cases, operation of esophageal diverticulum in one case and blunt trauma bytraffic accident in one case. Mean interval between the first treatments and the causes was 11.6 days (range: 2-30 days). The sites of perforation were upper third of esophagus in three cases, middle third in three cases and lower third in three cases. All except two cervical cases presented as mediastinitis or empyema at the time of diagnosis. Primary repair and irrigation had been performed in 7 cases but five cases out of them required more than two procedures. Conclusions : More than one procedure wasrequired in the treatment of EP because of contaminations and infections which had been spread at the time of initial manifestatios, howeverprimary closure and massive irrigation is the best method in order to preserve esophagus unless the remaining esophagus is extensively damaged.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.434-437
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• 2005

급성대동맥박리증의 수술 사망률이 점차 줄어들면서 치료는 이차 수술의 위험을 낮추고자 점차 치환범위가 넓어지는 경향으로 발전되고 있다. 이에 저자 등은 A형 급성대동맥박증을 일으킨 50대 남자 환자에서 상행대동맥과 전궁치환술, 대동맥근부 성형술 및 우 관상동맥 우회로술과 함께 하행대동맥에 스텐트 인조혈관 삽입술을 시행하여 대동맥판역류 및 하행대동맥류의 병발을 막는 근치적인 수술을 시행하여 좋은 결과를 얻었기에 보고한다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.335-341
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• 2019

Background: The endovascular approach to aortic disease treatment has been increasingly utilized in the past 2 decades. This study aimed to determine the long-term results of using the Seal thoracic stent graft. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the outcomes of patients who underwent thoracic endovascular aortic repair or a hybrid procedure using the Seal thoracic stent graft (S&G Biotech, Seongnam, Korea) from January 2008 to July 2018 at a single institution. We investigated in-hospital mortality and the incidence of postoperative complications. We also investigated the mid-term survival rate and incidence of aorta-related complications. Results: Among 72 patients with stent grafts, 15 patients underwent the hybrid procedure and 21 underwent emergency surgery. The mean follow-up period was $37.86{\pm}30.73$ months (range, 0-124 months). Five patients (6.9%) died within 30 days. Two patients developed cerebrovascular accidents. Spinal cord injury occurred in 2 patients. Postoperative renal failure, postoperative extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support, and pneumonia were reported in 3, 1, and 6 patients, respectively. Stent-related aortic complications were observed in 5 patients (6.8%). The 1- and 5-year survival and freedom from stent-induced aortic event rates were 81.5% and 58.7%, and 97.0% and 89.1%, respectively. Conclusion: The use of the Seal thoracic stent graft yielded good mid-term results. Further studies are needed to examine the long-term outcomes of this device.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.73-80
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• 2019

사이클로트론 가동 시 핵반응으로 인해 중성자가 발생되며, 발생된 중성자는 콘크리트벽에 흡수되어 방사화를 일으키게 된다. 이에 본 연구에서는 콘크리트 종류에 따른 방사화 분석과 방사화 핵종이 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 실험은 몬테카를로 시뮬레이션 및 RESRAD 모델을 사용하였다. 실험 결과 콘크리트의 Fe 함유량이 높을수록 차폐율이 증가하였으며, Fe은 $^{56}Fe(n,\;2np)^{54}Mn$ 반응으로 인하여 종사자에게 미치는 영향 또한 같이 증가하였다. 하지만, 방사화로 생성된 핵종의 방사능은 매우 낮게 나타나 종사자들에게 미치는 영향은 매우 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 방사화된 콘크리트 해체 처분 시 방사능이 자체처분 한도 미만으로 일반폐기물로써 처리되어야 하며, $^{14}C$의 영향을 최소화하기 위해 매립이 아닌 도로 보수와 같은 표층에 재활용 되어야 할 것이다.

• 대한건축학회논문집:구조계
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2019

Handmade hydrated lime has been used for preservation and repair of architectural heritage in Korea. However, the effect of the amount of water used for slaking quicklime on the physical and chemical properties of the hydrated lime, which is the result of the slaking process, has not been clearly understood. In this study, particle size distribution, chemical composition and crystalline phases of the hydrated lime are investigated by varying the amount of water used for the slaking. In addition, temperature history during the slaking process is examined. For this, various experiments, such as laser diffraction analysis, X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and temperature recording using a thermocouple, were performed. When the quicklime came into contact with water, its temperature reached $100^{\circ}C$ within 10 min due to sudden exothermic reaction of calcium oxide, and this temperature was maintained for about 30 min. The water to lime ratio influenced the cooling rate during the slaking process; that is, the more water was used, the longer it took to reach an ambient temperature. The amount of water for the slaking did not have a noticeable effect on the contents of major components of the hydrated lime such as calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate, but when slaked with more amount of water, average particle size of the lime tended to decrease. The experimental results in this study can be used as references for developing guidelines on the safety or appropriate amount of water in the lime slaking process.