• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.169-174
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• 2013

We demonstrated that a mineral aqueous solution (MAS) administered to mice functionally and histologically protected against cisplatin-induced acute renal failure (ARF) and $CCl_4$-induced acute liver failure (ALF). In ARF model, 0.4 and 0.2% MAS decreased mortality and the serum concentrations of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatine in mice. Additionally, 0.4 and 0.2% MAS reduced contraction of distal convoluted tubules and suppressed expression of the proinflammatory cytokines interlukein-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-${\alpha}$) in the kidney. In ALF model, 0.4 and 0.2% MAS decreased serum concentrations of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in mice. Additionally, 0.4 and 0.2% MAS reduced necrotic areas and suppressed expression of IL-6 and TNF-${\alpha}$ in the liver. These results indicate that a MAS might have protective effects against ARF and ALF.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.275-281
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• 2005

Parvovirus B19(PV B19) is a nonenveloped single-stranded DNA virus that causes a wide variety of diseases ranging from benign childhood infection such as slapped-cheek rash(fifth disease) to life threatening diseases such as hydrous fetalis in fetuses or aplastic anemic crises in patients with hemolytic anemia. In immunocompromised hosts including organ transplant recipients, this infection can cause chronic anemia. Recently, the reports of cases of PV B19 infection have been increasing in transplant recipients and most reported cases of PV B19 infection-associated anemia in renal transplant recipients were successfully treated with intravenous immunoglobulin infusion. We experienced two cases of aplastic anemia caused by PV B19 infection in pediatric renal transplant recipients. The patients were an 8 year-old boy and 12-year-old boy who received allograft kidneys from their mothers. Anemia developed 2 weeks after transplantation and their serum was positive for PV B19 PCR. They were treated with 400 mg/kg of intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG) for 5 consecutive days. In one of the case, anemia was corrected promptly after the first 5-day course of IVIG therapy but in the other, anemia persisted but responded to the second course of IVIG therapy. One year later, the patients have normal hematocrit levels and stable renal function These are the first cases of PV B19 infection treated successfully with IVIG in pediatric renal transplant recipients in Korea. (J Korean Soc Pediatr Nephrol 2005;9:275-281)

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.98-106
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• 2020

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical utility of late 6-month dimercapto-succinic acid (DMSA) renal scan in predicting vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and long-lasting renal scars in children with first acute pyelonephritis (APN). Methods: A retrospective case study of children admitted with APN from January 2010 to July 2017 was performed. The study included patients with voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) and acute and late 6-month DMSA scan. We analyzed the clinical, laboratory and imaging findings of patients with and without late cortical defects at 6 months and those with or without VUR. Results: Among 145 children with APN, 50 (34.5%) had cortical defects on the late DMSA renal scan and 60 (41.4%) showed VUR. Thirteen of 38 (34.2%) children undergoing 18-month DMSA renal scan showed a long-lasting renal scars. Compared with children without late cortical defects, patients with late 6-month cortical defects had a higher incidence of VUR and long-lasting renal scars, and relapse of UTI (all P<0.05). In a multivariable analysis, both high-grade VUR and relapse of UTI were independently correlated with the presence of late 6-month cortical defects (P<0.05). Late cortical defects and relapse of UTI were also associated with the presence of VUR (P<0.05). Only the late 6-mo cortical defects was an independent predictor of long-lasting renal scars in children with APN (P<0.05). Conclusion: An abnormal late 6-month DMSA renal scan may be useful in identifying VUR and long-lasting renal scars in children diagnosed with APN.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.58-62
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• 2012

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is most commonly diagnosed bacterial infection in febrile infants. Renal abscess is a very rare complication of UTI in children. Early diagnosis and treatment with appropriate antibiotics are important because renal scar correlates positively with the time of treatment. Renal ultrasonography and abdominal computerized tomography facilitates an earlier diagnosis and is also useful in establishing percutaneous drainage. Extended broad spectrum antibiotics therapy alone can be effective in most types of renal abscesses in infant, but some antibiotics-resistant cases need surgical drainage or nephrectomy. We report a case of a infant UTI, that progressed to renal abscess despite early antibiotic treatment and was treated with US guided percutaneous needle aspiration.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.278-287
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• 2011

Objectives : The object of this study was to observe the nephroprotective effects of Sojongchobisunki-tang (SCST), which has traditionally been used as Korean medicine for treating various renal diseases, on cisplatin-induced rat acute renal failure. Methods : Three different dosages of SCST were orally administered once a day for 23 days before cisplatin treatment (5 mg/kg, single intraperitoneally administered) and 5 days after cisplatin treatment (once a day for 28 days). 6 groups, of 8 rats per group were used in the present study after 7 days of acclimatization. Changes of the body weight, kidney weight, serum BUN and creatinine levels were observed, as well as changes of the kidney MDA and GSH contents. The results were compared with captopril 100 mg/kg of which the effects on cisplatin-induced acute renal failures are already confirmed. Results : Acute renal failure induced by cisplatin were induced by oxidative stress and related lipid peroxidation in the present study. However, these acute renal failures and inhibition of antioxidant effects induced by cisplatin were dose-dependently reduced by treatment at all three different dosages of SCST extracts. Conclusions : This study suggests that SCST extracts showed favorable effects on the cisplatin-induced rat ARF.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.79-82
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• 2016

Fabry disease is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by a deficiency of the enzyme ${\alpha}-galactosidase$ A, resulting in the accumulation of glycosphingolipids within the lysosomes of various cell types. It has a wide spectrum of clinical phenotypes, and renal failure is a serious complication. Fabry disease is confirmed either by measurement of ${\alpha}-galactosidase$ A activity or by genetic testing for GLA mutations. Renal biopsy findings on light microscopy, specifically enlarged podocytes with foamy cytoplasm, and osmiophilic inclusion bodies in the cytoplasm in all types of renal cells on electron microscopy, are characteristic of this disease. The predominant differential diagnosis is iatrogenic phospholipidosis in association with certain drugs that can cause cellular injuries indistinguishable from Fabry disease. Here, we report the case of a 10-year-old boy with microscopic hematuria who underwent a renal biopsy that showed morphological findings consistent with Fabry disease, although the patient had neither a GLA mutation nor a history of drug consumption. Six years later, spontaneous regression of this renal pathology was observed in a second renal biopsy examination.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.57-64
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• 2013

Purpose: In children, 24-hour urine collections are unreliable for evaluating glomerular filtration rate (GFR) because of the difficulty of regulating voiding and the daily variation of urinary creatinine up to 25%. Additionally, creatinine clearance (Ccr) based on urinary creatinine is considered inaccurate. The purpose of this study was to compare estimated GFR determined using Ccr, formulas with serum cystatin C and creatinine, and $^{99m}Tc$-mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3) dynamic renal scintigraphy. Methods: This retrospective study included 101 patients (age, <18 years) who visited Chung-Ang University Hospital between July 2011 and August 2012. GFR was estimated using 24-hour urinary creatinine, five formulas with serum creatinine and cystatin C, and $^{99m}Tc$-MAG3 renal scan. Results: Of the 101 patients, glomerular renal diseases were present in 60 patients (59.4%) and non-glomerular diseases were present in 41 patients (40.6%). There was a significant correlation between estimated GFR determined using $^{99m}Tc$-MAG3 renal scan and Ccr (r=0.389, P <0.001). The correlation values between estimated GFR determined using $^{99m}Tc$-MAG3 renal scan and each formula of Schwartz, Counahan-Barratt, Cockcroft-Gault, Filler and Lepage, and Bokencamp were 0.265 (P=0.007), 0.128 (P=0.044), 0.230 (P=0.021), 0.356 (P<0.001), and 0.355 (P <0.001), respectively. $^{99m}Tc$-MAG3 renal scan was correlated with estimated-GFR by all formulas in decreased renal function. Conclusion: Estimated GFRs determined using serum creatinine and cystatin C, and $^{99m}Tc$-MAG3 renal scan correlated well with estimated GFR determined using Ccr. $^{99m}Tc$-MAG3 renal scan may be replaced for evaluation of renal function with convenience in patients with renal disease and decreased renal function in childhood.

• Proceedings of the KSMRM Conference
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• 1998.03a
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• pp.47-53
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• 1998

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.80 no.4
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• pp.401-402
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• 2017

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.64-69
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• 2023

Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) is a complex group of renal diseases characterized by a specific pattern of glomerular injury that includes thickening of the capillary wall and mesangial expansion, leading to a heterogeneous group of conditions. This review article offers a comprehensive overview of MPGN, its new classification, pathophysiology, diagnostic evaluation, and management options.