• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.78 no.4
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• pp.455-458
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• 2015

Excessive dynamic airway collapse (EDAC) is a disease entity of excessive reduction of the central airway diameter during exhalation, without cartilage collapse. An 80-year-old female presented with generalized edema and dyspnea at our hospital. The patient was in a state of acute decompensated heart failure due to pneumonia with respiratory failure. We accordingly managed the patient with renal replacement therapy, mechanical ventilation and antibiotics. Bronchoscopy confirmed the diagnosis of EDAC. We scheduled extubation after the improvement of pneumonia and heart condition. However, extubation failure occurred due to hypercapnic respiratory failure with poor expectoration. Her EDAC was improved in response to high flow nasal oxygen therapy (HFNOT). Subsequently, the patient was stabilized and transferred to the general ward. HFNOT, which generates physiologic positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) effects, could be an alternative and effective management of EDAC. Further research and clinical trials are needed to demonstrate the therapeutic effect of HFNOT on EDAC.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.97-102
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• 2006

In acute leukemia patients, several successful methods of expression profiling have been used for various purposes, i.e., to identify new disease class, to select a therapeutic target, or to predict chemo-sensitivity and clinical outcome. In the present study, we tested the peripheral blood of 47 acute leukemia patients in an attempt to identify differentially expressed genes in AML and ALL using a Korean-made 10K oligo-nucleotide microarray. Methods: Total RNA was prepared from peripheral blood and amplified for microarray experimentation. SAM (significant analysis of microarray) and PAM (prediction analysis of microarray) were used to select significant genes. The selected genes were tested for in a test group, independently of the training group. Results: We identified 345 differentially expressed genes that differentiated AML and ALL patients (FWER<0.05). Genes were selected using the training group (n=35) and tested for in the test group (n=12). Both training group and test group discriminated AML and ALL patients accurately. Genes that showed relatively high expression in AML patients were deoxynucleotidyl transferase, pre-B lymphocyte gene 3, B-cell linker, CD9 antigen, lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1, CD79B antigen, and early B-cell factor. Genes highly expressed in ALL patients were annexin A 1, amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein, amyloid beta (A4) precursor-like protein 2, cathepsin C, lysozyme (renal amyloidosis), myeloperoxidase, and hematopoietic prostaglandin D2 synthase. Conclusion: This study provided genome wide molecular signatures of Korean acute leukemia patients, which clearly identify AML and ALL. Given with other reported signatures, these molecular signatures provide a means of achieving a molecular diagnosis in Korean acute leukemia patents.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.138-143
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• 2001

Microalbuminuria is a strong predictor of diabetic nephropathy and is also associated with increased mortality in people with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus(NIDDM) patients. Improved glycemic control and dietary protein restriction are recommended to retard and avoid developing microalbuminuria. The purpose of this study was to measure the dietary counseling effects for diabetes mellitus patients with microalbuminuria. To investigate the effects of the dietary counseling effect, thirty NIDDM patients with microalbuminuria were selected from outpatient diabetic clinic of Seoul National University Hospital for this study. None of them had evidence of renal and heart complications. For 24 weeks, they received individualized dietary counseling 3 times. The results of this study can be summarized as follows 1) Dietary protein and calorie intake decreased significantly from 79.8$\pm$29.9g/d to 66.6$\pm$16.5g/d, from 1845.4$\pm$631.9kcal to 1515.7$\pm$392.7kcal after dietary counseling, respectively (p<0.05). 2)The glycosylate hemoglobin level showed significantly decreased after dietary counseling(p<0.05). However there were no change in lipid profiles and blood pressure after counseling. 3) There was a significant correlation between the duration of disease and the amount of microalbuminuria. Any other cardiovascular risk factors, such as duration of diabetes, total cholesterol level and systolic blood pressure were not correlated with microalbuminuria. These results shown that dietary counseling can be used as an effective therapy to control blood sugar levels for NIDDM patients who are poorly controlled with microalbuminuria.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.117-140
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• 2018

The number of patients is increasing and their mean age is also increasing. Proper dietary adjustments are necessary to prevent protein-calorie malnutrition or complications but it is difficult for dialysis patients to adapt to diet therapy due to stress or anorexia. Education does not consider the individual characteristics, knowledge, dietary inhabit education demands, and initial education. The purpose of this study was to identify dialysis patient's nutrition knowledge and, dietary practice and compare those with nutrition education or counseling demands for providing basic data of desirable nutrition management. The data were collected by a survey consisting of the general characteristics, disease related characteristics, nutrition education and counsel characteristics, level of nutrition knowledge, diet therapy, and nutrition education and counsel demands from the 28th March to 22th July 2017. The total number of subjects were 33 patients among dialysis patients at two tertiary medical institutions and an artificial kidney room at a private hospital in Incheon Gyeonggi. The data collected were analyzed statistically using the SPSS program 23.0, followed by further analyses using frequency analysis, one-way ANOVA, cross analysis, and correlation analysis. The results of the dialysis patients showed that younger (P<0.05), female (P<0.05), abnormal high school diploma (P<0.001) groups had high nutrition scores. In addition, dietary practice and nutrition education and counsel demands showed a positive correlation (P<0.05, P<0.01). In particular, females were higher than males in nutrition knowledge, dietary practice, nutrition education, and counseling demand scores.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.395-404
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• 2020

This was a descriptive study to investigate the effect of social support and health literacy on sick role behaviors in hemodialysis patients. A total of 149 outpatients receiving regular hemodialysis at four dialysis centers located in J city were surveyed. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression. Factors including social support (β=.37, p<.001), health literacy (β=.16, p=.035), and religion (others) (β=-.25, p=.001) had an effect on sick role behavior. The explanatory power of model in this study was 22.0%. Therefore, the improvement of sick role behavior in patients undergoing hemodialysis requires specific strategies and interventions that are effective in increasing the social support and health literacy.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.146-151
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• 2017

X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is a hereditary metabolic disease caused by the loss of phosphate through the renal tubules into the urine, and an associated decrease in serum calcium and potassium phosphate. Its dental features include spontaneous dental abscesses that occur in the absence of trauma or dental caries. The aim of this case report was to describe the dental problems of XLH patients and to evaluate limitations in their treatment. A 14 year old male and a 38 year old female with XLH were referred to the Department of Conservative Dentistry for endodontic treatment. The dental findings were periapical abscesses without obvious trauma or caries. Conservative endodontic treatment was performed in teeth with pulp necrosis and abscess. In case 1, the treated teeth showed improvements in bone healing, without clinical symptoms. However, in case 2, the implants and the treated tooth showed hypermobility, and the final restoration was therefore postponed. Early diagnosis, periodic examinations, and communication with the patient's pediatrician are important in the dental management of patients with XLH.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.46-51
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• 2015

Background: Maintenance of adequate vascular access for hemodialysis is important in patients with end-stage renal disease. Once arteriovenous fistula (AVF) occlusion occurs, the patient should be treated with rescue therapy. This study was performed to evaluate the results of a rescue therapy for AVF occlusion. Methods: From January 2008 to December 2012, 47 patients who underwent surgical rescue therapy for AVF occlusion after graft AVF formation, were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into two groups, namely the graft repair group (group A, n=19) and the thrombectomy group (group B, n=28). Postoperative results of both groups were analyzed retrospectively. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in the clinical characteristics between the two groups. In terms of the duration of AVF patency after the first rescue therapy, group A showed a longer AVF patency duration than group B ($24.5{\pm}21.9$ months versus $17.7{\pm}13.6$ months), but there was no statistically significant difference (p=0.310). In terms of the annual frequency of AVF occlusion after the rescue therapy of group A was lower than that of group B (0.59 versus 0.71), but there was no statistically significant difference (p=0.540). The AVF patency rates at 1, 2, 3, and 5 years after the first rescue therapy in group A were 52.6%, 31.5%, 21.0%, and 15.7%, respectively, and those in group B, they were 32.1%, 25.0%, 17.8%, and 7.14%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference (p=0.402). Conclusion: Graft repair revealed comparable results. Although there was no statistically significant difference, the patent duration and annual frequency of AVF occlusion of group A were better than those of group B. Therefore, graft repair is considered as a safe and useful procedure for maintaining graft AVF.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 2016

Background: Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a well-recognized congenital heart disease. Despite improvements in the outcomes of surgical repair, the optimal timing of surgery and type of surgical management of patients with TOF remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to assess outcomes following the repair of TOF in infants depending on the surgical procedure used. Methods: This study involved the retrospective review of 120 patients who underwent TOF repair between 2010 and 2013. Patients were divided into three groups depending on the surgical procedure that they underwent. Corrective surgery was done via the transventricular approach (n=40), the transatrial approach (n=40), or a combined atrioventricular approach (n=40). Demographic data and the outcomes of the surgical procedures were compared among the groups. Results: In the atrioventricular group, the incidence of the following complications was found to be significantly lower than in the other groups: complete heart block (p=0.034), right ventricular failure (p=0.027) and mediastinal bleeding (p=0.007). Patients in the atrioventricular group had a better postoperative right ventricular ejection fraction (p=0.001). No statistically significant differences were observed among the three surgical groups in the occurrence of tachycardia, renal failure, and tricuspid incompetence. The one-year survival rates in the three groups were 95%, 90%, and 97.5%, respectively (p=0.395). Conclusion: Combined atrioventricular repair of TOF in infancy can be safely performed, with acceptable surgical risk, a low incidence of reoperation, good ventricular function outcomes, and an excellent survival rate.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.120-125
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• 2020

Gorham-Stout syndrome is a rare bone disorder characterized by progressive massive osteolysis and proliferation of vascular and lymphatic vessels. A 15-year-old boy was initially diagnosed with Gorham-Stout at the age of 8 years based on clinical and radiological findings. Following diagnosis, he was treated with pamidronate, interferon alfa, propranolol, oral corticosteroids, and sirolimus. He developed proteinuria at the age of 15 and progressed into the nephrotic range 2 years later. A renal biopsy revealed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, not otherwise specified variant. The sequential increase in proteinuria associated with medications suggested that the focal segmental glomerulosclerosis may be caused by pamidronate and sirolimus, but cannot completely rule out the possibility of kidney involvement of GSS itself.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.49-55
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• 1990

For the development of $^{99m}Tc-labelled$ 3-iodo-2,4,6-trimethyl-iminodiacetic acid $(^{99m}Tc-IOTIDA)$, various experiments such as synthesis of IOTIDA, establishment of labelling conditions, determination of radiochemical purity, examination of stability, and organ distribution of rat were carried out. 1) IOTIDA was synthesized with a total yield of 42% from the starting material of 2,4-6-trimethylaniline via chloroacetylation, iodination, and condensation with iminodiacetic acid (IDA). 2) Freeze-dried instant labelling kits were prepared from aqueous solution $(pH\;5.8\sim6.0)$ so as to contain 40 mg IDA compound and 0.4 mg $SnCl_2$, per vial. Labelling of the contents of kit vials with $Na^{99m}TcO_4$, exhibited formation of two kinds of complex which was identified by ITLC-SA. After labelling, complex ( I ) was gradually converted to complex (II) with time. Labelling yield and radiochemical purity were above 99.5% based on the two complexes over-all. 3) $^{99m}Tc-IOTIDA$ maintained high radiochemical purity of above 99% until 6 hours after preparation at room temperature. Instant labelling kits stored at $4^{\circ}C$ for 6 month period also exhibited high labelling yield of above 99%. 4) Results obtained from animal experiments showed that most of the $^{99m}Tc-IOTIDA$ was rapidly excreted through hepatobiliary track into the intestines but with negligible renal excretion.