• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.37-55
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• 2008

This study aims to enhance work efficiency and satisfaction by offering data that make a physical therapist cope with stress coming from the job efficiently by identifying and analyzing the job satisfaction and work stress perceived by a physical therapist, and the level of reaction of a physical therapist. The study distributed survey questionnaires to 300 physical therapists working in medical institutions in Busan via mail and by visit from March 3, 2007 by selecting them simply and randomly from the physical therapist list, and collected the questionnaires by March 20, 2007, 103 respondents were working at 17 general hospitals including a university hospital, 65 respondents at 12 medical centers, and 79 respondents at 39 doctor's offices. The study collected 251 copies, which showed the collection rate of 83.7%, and analyzed 247 copies (82.3%) excluding 4 copies of insincere answers. As a research tool for measuring job satisfaction the study used a tool employed for research into the job satisfaction of physical therapists who work at medical institutions in Gwangju, Jeonnam, and Jeonbuk by Kim Hee-Gwon(1992) and research regarding job satisfaction by Jeong Jeong-Hee(2004) as well as research regarding the factors of job satisfaction by Flippo(1980) & Seberhagen(1970) after adjusting the research tools to the purpose of the study. Also for questions about work stress, the study employed nurses' job stress measurement tool developed by Kim Mae-Ja and em Mi-Ok(1984) by modifying the tool to the purpose of the study, and for a measurement tool for reaction to stress, the study used a tool employed for research into reaction to stress of nurses at general hospitals by Choi Eun-Deok(2005) without modification. For data analysis, the study used the SPSS12.0 as a statistical method, and then used t-test or ANOVA for verifying actual numbers, percentile, average :score, standard deviation, rank, and difference. Also, the study conducted which is a post-test method for variables that show a significant difference at the level of p<.05 level after the analysis. The findings include the following. 1) The respondents' job satisfaction score was 3.21 points on the average (out of 5 full points). The peer relationship ranked the highest, posting 4.02 points on the average, and the job satisfaction with rewards was proven the lowest, posting 2.51 points. For the job satisfaction level by characteristics, there were significant differences (p<.05) in gender, hospital type, weekly working hours, monthly working days, number of patients per day, department in charge of therapy, and number of peers, and there was no significant difference in characteristics other than that. 2) The respondents' work stress score was 2.72 points (out of 5 full points) on the average. The respondents were shown to be under the highest stress when they suffered from excessive workload, posting 3.49 points on the average, and they were shown to be under the least stress when they had a conflict with peers at another department, recording 1.90 points on the average. for the job stress level by the characteristics of job, there was a significant difference in the reflection of job assessment(p<.05). 3) 1n respondents' reaction to stress, most of them were shown to make efforts in coping with stress, posting 2.80 points (out of 5 full points). For their experience of being wider stress, they answered that 'they felt depressed (2.85 points)" for their experience of coping with stress, they answered that 'they were indifferent to it or thought about something else' (2.62 points). Also, for their efforts in coping with stress, they answered that 'they were motivated to remove their strain by taking leave, playing, or using their preferences' (3.52 points), which ranked higher. For the level of reaction to stress by characteristics, there were significant differences by age, gender, marital status, total service years as a physical therapist, monthly working days, and department in charge of therapy(p<.05). It is necessary to offer correct information by conducting an in-depth analysis of the stressful situations of physical therapists who exert efforts in rehabilitating patients at hospitals by factor, and seeking management plans based on the research results. Also, it is necessary to develop a program for coping with stress efficiently for removing stress and to conduct research into the understanding and cooperation of administrators and persons in charge of physical therapists for reducing physical therapists' stress at hospitals.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제11권10호
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• pp.3688-3699
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• 2010

본 연구는 노인장기요양기관 종사자인 요양보호사들의 직무환경과 관련된 속성 및 스트레스와 소진을 파악하고 이들 요인이 직무만족에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 효과를 분석하여 요양보호사의 조직업무를 향상시켜 노인의 삶의 질과 노인복지 발전에 도움이 되는데 목적을 갖고 연구하였다. 연구대상은 전북 군산시에 소재한 노인장기요양기관(요양시설, 재가노인복지시설)에 근무하는 요양보호사 129명을 대상으로 하였다. 분석결과 요양보호사의 직무환경의 하위요인으로 인적환경과 보상체계, 업무전문성 등이 직무소진, 직무스트레스, 직무만족에 유의적인 영향을 미치는 요인임을 실증시켜 주었다. 이는 그만큼 인적환경을 위한 업무전문성 및 능력과 혁신적 사고를 가진 업적에 비례한 보상체계가 잘 되어 있을수록 긍정적인 관계 형성과 동시 직무소진과 스트레스의 감소 및 직무만족이 향상됨을 의미한다. 이는 최근 장기요양을 위한 노인성 환자의 급증과 장기요양기관에서의 요양보호사의 역할과 직무가 중요시되는 현실에 비추어 볼 때 전문직으로서의 다양한 복지 수혜적 봉사자로서의 요양보호사들의 직무환경 개선을 위한 직무전문화 보장과 이들 직무능력에 따른 적절한 보상시스템의 체계화가 필요시 됨을 시사한 것으로 볼 수 있다. 따라서 직업에 대한 자긍심이 높은 전문 인력의 배출과 참여로 요양보호사의 잦은 직무소진과 스트레스를 낮출 수 있는 경감요인을 찾아 제거함으로써 보다 많은 인력의 참여와 조직헌신을 통한 직무만족 극대화를 통해 조직몰입을 높일 수 있을 것이다.

• 분석과학
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.346-350
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• 2000

백경 가을무 자엽은 선천적으로 53kDa과 29kDa인 중탕에 강한 단백질을 소유하고 있다. 저온 스트레스를 주면 중탕에 강한 36kDa과 16.5kDa 단백질이 새로 유도되었고, 53kDa과 29kDa의 단백질은 더 증가되었다. 중탕에 강한 53kDa 단백질은 자엽을 제거한지 2시간 이내에 변성되었다. 백경 가을무 하배축에서는 자엽에서와 같이 선천적으로 중탕에 강한 53kDa 단백질이 존재하고, 스트레스를 받으면 중탕에 강한 24kDa과 18kDa 단백질이 새로 유도되었다. 장춘대형 봄무 자엽에서는 저온과 ABA 스트레스를 주면 중탕에 강한 53kDa 단백질이 유도되었고, 25kDa과 23kDa 단백질이 증가되어 백경 가을무와 장춘대형 봄무에서 스트레스에 대항하여 유도되는 중탕에 강한 단백질이 다름을 알 수 있었다. 중탕에 강한 25kDa과 23kDa 단백질의 유도는 cycloheximide에 의해 방해 되었다. 22kDa 단백질은 ABA 처리로 사라졌다가 cycloheximlde의 처리로 다시 증가되어, cycloheximide는 생체 내 단백질의 분해에도 관여하는 것으로 보인다. 장춘대형 봄무의 하배축에서 스트레스로 유도되는 단백질의 양상은 백경 가을무 하배축에서 유도되는 단백질의 양상과 유사하였다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.114-120
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• 2010

The effects of grape seeds extract and grape peels extract prepared from grape pomace on the activity of antioxidant enzymes, degree of lipid peroxidation in serum and liver tissue were investigated in rabbits fed on high cholesterol diet. New Zealand white rabbits were divided as follows ; 1) NOR (normal group); 2) CHOL (cholesterol group); 3) GSH (cholesterol + grape seed extract group); 4) GPE (cholesterol + grape peel extract); 5) GSP (cholesterol + grape seed powder); 6) GPP (cholesterol + grape peel powder); 7) GE (cholesterol + grape seed and peel extract); 8) GP (cholesterol + grape seed and peel powder). Eight groups of rabbits were studied for 8 weeks. At the end of the experimental period, rabbits were sacrificed and the liver tissue were removed. Then, GSH, GPx, GST, CAT and MDA in the liver were measured. In liver tissues, total glutathione contents (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) activity, which was significantly higher by grape seed extract supplementation. The level of malondialdehyde (MDA) was lower in the serum of rabbits fed grape seed extract or grape peel powder plus cholesterol than in the serum of rabbits fed cholesterol alone. It is therefore likely that grape seed extract prepared from grape pomace functioned as antioxidants in vivo, negating the effects of the oxidative stress induced by 1% cholesterol diet. The grape seed extract was found effective in converting the oxidized glutathione into reduced glutathione, and in removing $H_2O_2$ that is created by oxidative stress. The grape peel powder was found to have small influence on reduced glutathione content, CAT and GPX activity, but it increased GST activity in liver tissues, resulting in promoting the combination of lipid peroxide and glutathione (GSH), and further, lowering the formation of lipid peroxide in the serum. Therefore, grape pomace (grape seed extract and grape peel powder) supplementation is considered to activate the antioxidant enzyme system and prevent damage with hypercholesterolemia.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.34-42
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• 1986

본 논문에서는 균열면이 원호(circular arc)를 이루고, Comninou 모델과 같이 균열면의 일부가 접촉되어 있는 경우 L적분이 적분경로에 무관함을 증명하고 이를 이용하여 재료가 서로 다른 원형 개재물과 기재와의 경계면에 존재하는 계면 균열에서의 응력확대계수를 구하는 방법에 대해 살펴보았다. 기지가 무한 고체이고 접촉역이 작아 접촉역의 존재가 균열선단에서 멀리 떨어진 곳에서의 응력장에 거의 영향을 끼치지 아`는 경우에는 접촉역을 가정하지 않은 문제에 대한 해, 즉 진동특성을 나타내는 해로 부터, L적분의 성질을 이용하여, 접촉역을 가정하였을 때의 응력확대 계수를 간단한 꼴로 표시할 수 있었고, 유한의 기지에 원형 개재물이 존재하는 문제에 대해서는 F.E.M을 사용하여 L적분을 계산함으로써 응력확대계수를 구할 수 있었다.

• Plant Resources
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.206-209
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• 2002

This study was performed to investigate the effect of Mentha arvensis Herba extract on the treatment of chromaticity and colorfastness. Mentha arvensis Herba has been used as a Korean medicine. It is effective in headache and stress. It is also good as a aphtha and in treating cold. In the long history of Korea, dyeing has been applied for a means representing the grace of natural and inner esthetic consciousness of man. Vegetable dyes give us such great benefits, diversified color, but no pollution. And ramie fabric has distinctive features such as beautiful brilliance, elegance, and strong durability. So, it is regarded as a special product of Korea traditionally. These studies were carried out to treat with acetate iron, dichloride copper and alum with a mordant to ramie fabric. The ramie fabric was died with Mentha arvensis Herba extract. The results of experiment showed as follows: First, the chromophoric degree was the highest in acetate iron but not distinction in another mordants. Second, the light colorfastness was the highest in non treated and dichloride copper, but alum was the lowest. Third, the discoloration was alum and dichloride copper showed first grade in washing colorfastness. Abrasion colorfastness was not significant in this test. According the previous results, Mentha arvensis Herba has an efficiency in removing aphtha and in treating cold. So it is considered that Mentha arvensis Herba can be applied effectively to headache and stress.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.31-37
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• 2000

금속 유도 측면 결정화 (Metal-Induced Lateral Crystallization; MILC)에 의해 저온다결정 실리콘 박막트랜지스터를 형성할 때 Ni박막을 게이트와 소오스/드레인간 경계로부터 거리를 달리하여 형성한 뒤 결정화시킴으로써 소오스와 드레인으로부터 결정화가 진행되어 서로 만나는 경계 면을 채널 내부 외부에 인위적으로 위치시킬 수 있었고 이들의 전기적 특성비교를 통하여 MILC경계가 트랜지스터 특성에 미치는 영향을 고찰할 수 있었다. MILC 경계를 채널 내부로부터 제거시킴으로써 On Current, Subthreshold slope 특성을 향상시킬 수 있었고 누설전류 특성도 크게 향상시킬 수 있었다. 채널 내부에 MILC 경계가 존재할 경우 전기적 스트레스를 인가함에 따라 누설전류의 양이 감소하였고, 전체 감소량은 채널 폭이 넓을수록 증가하였고 채널길이에는 무관하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.288-296
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• 2001

The behavior of declawed emus in a farm environment has not been described despite its importance in the husbandry and welfare of the emu. This study examined whether declawing of emus causes chronic pain resulting in permanent changes in the locomotor and general behavior of declawed yearling emus compared to emus not declawed. One group of 40 emus were declawed on the day of hatch by removing the distal phalangeal joint using a Lyon beak-trimming machine. Another group of 40 emus not declawed were the controls. Declawed emus one year of age were allocated to a paddock $250m{\times}125m$, while the control group was placed in an adjoining paddock of the same dimensions. One hour video records of individual emus from each treatment were made from 08:00 and 17:00 h over 2 periods; firstly when food and water was available and secondly during a period when food and water was not available after being withdrawn overnight. Inactive, ingestive, posture change, grooming, aggressive and locomotor behaviors were monitored from the videotape. There was no behavioral evidence to indicate loss of locomotor ability of declawed emus or to suggest declawed emus were suffering from severe chronic pain as indicated by declawed emus engaging in significantly more bouts (p<0.05) and time of searching (p<0.05). Declawed emus also engaged in less stereotype pacing (p<0.05) indicating they were under less stress and not as frustrated as control birds which engaged in more step pushing behavior (p<0.05). Modelling analysis showed that pecking behavior in birds was most closely related to foraging behavior. Birds subject to pecking attacks demonstrated higher levels of stereotype behavior presumably as a method to cope with stress. The behavioral evidence in this study would indicate that declawing does not compromise the locomotor ability of emus and has the benefit of improving the social structure in the groups by reducing stereotype behavior and aggression.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집A
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• pp.377-382
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• 2001

Mechanical behavior and electrical resistance change of CPDP (carbon particle dispersed plastic) composite consisting of epoxy resin and conductive carbon particle were investigated under monotonic loading and repeated loading-unloading. The electrical resistance almost linearly increased with increasing strain during loading and the residual electrical resistance was observed even after removing load. The value of the residual electrical resistance was dependent on the maximum strain under the applied stress. This result suggests that the estimation of maximum strain (i.e., damage) is possible by the measuring electrical resistance of composite. The behavior of electrical resistance change during and after loading was discussed on the basis of the results of microscopic deformation and fracture observation. Moreover, the relationship between the volume fraction of carbon particle and the electrical resistivity of CPDP was investigated in relation to the percolation theory. Simulation model of percolation structure was established by Monte Carlo method and the simulation result was compared to the experimental results. The electrical resistance change under applied loading was analyzed quantitatively using the percolation equation and a simple model for the critical volume fraction of carbon particle as a function of the mechanical stress. It was revealed that the prediction was in good agreement with the experimental result except in the region near the failure of material.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.121-128
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• 2024

There are growing concerns that the recently implemented Earthquake Early Warning service is overestimating the rapidly provided earthquake magnitudes (M). As a result, the predicted damages unnecessarily activate earthquake protection systems for critical facilities and lifeline infrastructures that are far away. This study is conducted to improve the estimation accuracy of M by incorporating the observed S-wave seismograms in the near source region after removing the site effects of the seismograms in real time by filtering in the time domain. The ensemble of horizontal S-wave spectra from at least five seismograms without site effects is calculated and normalized to a hypocentric target distance (21.54 km) by using the distance attenuation model of Q(f)=348f^0.52 and a cross-over distance of 50 km. The natural logarithmic mean of the S-wave ensemble spectra is then fitted to Brune's source spectrum to obtain the best estimates for M and stress drop (SD) with the fitting weight of 1/standard deviation. The proposed methodology was tested on the 18 recent inland earthquakes in South Korea, and the condition of at least five records for the near-source region is sufficiently fulfilled at an epicentral distance of 30 km. The natural logarithmic standard deviation of the observed S-wave spectra of the ensemble was calculated to be 0.53 using records near the source for 1~10 Hz, compared to 0.42 using whole records. The result shows that the root-mean-square error of M and ln(SD) is approximately 0.17 and 0.6, respectively. This accuracy can provide a confidence interval of 0.4~2.3 of Peak Ground Acceleration values in the distant range.