• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제25권8호
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• pp.145-150
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• 2020

전방머리자세는 머리와 목의 잘못된 자세 정렬 중 하나로 비정상적인 관절 위치감각과 고유수용성 감각손상으로 인해 목의 통증과 균형 손상까지 발생시키는 주요 원인으로 알려져 있다. 키네시오 테이핑은 통증관리를 위해 사용되는 임상적인 중재방법으로 통증감소, 혈액순환 촉진, 근육이완을 유도하여 관절 위치 교정 및 근육과 관절에 안정성을 제공하는 효과를 가지고 있다. 이전의 많은 연구에서 키네시오 테이핑을 활용하여 목 통증감소와 목의 정렬에 긍정적인 효과가 있음을 입증하였지만 일부 연구에서는 통증 완화의 효과를 입증하지 못한 부분도 있다. 키네시오 테이핑 적용 후 즉각적인 통증완화 및 정렬 개선에 효과를 보이긴 하지만 적용이후 효과의 지속에 대해서는 증거가 충분하지 않고 임상적으로 더 큰 가치를 보이기 위해서는 키네시오 테이핑의 장점에 대해서 추가적인 연구를 권장하였다. 따라서 본 연구는 앞머리 자세를 가진 사람에서 키네시오 테이핑이 머리 자세의 정렬과 동적 균형 능력에 미치는 영향을 조사하고자 한다.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.177-180
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• 2003

Background and Objectives: A nerve conduction study (NCS) has been known as a useful method to evaluate the therapeutic effect of operation in carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). To evaluate the temporal relationship between symptomatic and electrophysiological improvement, we compared the preoperative symptoms and electrophysiological results with postoperative those. Methods: We analyzed the NCS changes before and after minimal release of carpal tunnel in 26 patients (34 hands) with CTS. The time of postoperative symptomatic changes, postoperative electrophysiological changes and temporal relationship between symptomatic and electrophysiological changes were evaluated. Results: The mean age was $49{\pm}13$ years. The proportion of males to female was 8 and 92 percent. The median interval days between date of operation and those of postoperative NCS was 28.5 days. Postoperative symptoms improved in 17 hands, slightly improved in 13 hands, and have not changed in 4 hands. Electrophysiological improvements after operation were observed in 26 hands, and mostly appeared within 2 months. Symptomatic relief accompanied with electrophysiological improvement reported in 13 hands (50%). Moreover, the four hands with symptom, not relieved by decompression, showed electrophysiological improvement. Conclusions: In this study, electrophysiological improvement was in consistency with symptomatic relief to some extent, but we got the result of disagreement between electrophysiological and symptomatic improvement.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.199-202
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• 2010

Objective : Balloon kyphoplasty is a minimally invasive procedure that is mainly performed for refractory pain due to osteoporotic compression fractures. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of balloon kyphoplasty performed at different times after an injury. Methods : In this retrospective study, the records of 99 patients who underwent one level of balloon kyphoplasty between January 2005 and December 2007 were reviewed. The patients were divided into three groups : 21 patients treated within 3 weeks of an injury (the acute group), 49 treated within 3 weeks to 2 months of an injury (the subacute group), and 29 patients treated at more than 2 months after an injury (the chronic group). Clinical outcomes were assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS). In addition, modified MacNab's grading criteria was used to assess the subjective patient outcome. The radiology findings, including vertebral height restoration and procedure related complications, were analyzed based on the different time intervals after the injury. Results : Patients in all three groups achieved marked pain relief in terms of the VAS within 7 days of the procedure. Good or excellent results were achieved by most patients in all three groups. However, the height restoration, the main advantage to performing a balloon kyphoplasty, was not achieved in the chronic group. Moreover, evidence of complications including cement leakage was observed significantly less frequently in the subacute group compared to the other two groups. Conclusion : Although balloon kyphoplasty is an effective treatment for osteoporotic compression fractures, with regard to pain relief, the subacute stage appears to be optimal for treating patients with a balloon kyphoplasty in terms of achieving the best outcomes with minimal complications.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.183-190
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• 2022

Background: To compare ultrasound-guided pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) of the genicular nerve with the genicular nerve block using local anesthetic and steroid for management of osteoarthritis (OA) knee pain. Methods: Thirty patients with OA knee were randomly allocated to receive either ultrasound-guided PRF of the genicular nerve (PRF group) or nerve block with bupivacaine and methylprednisolone acetate (local anesthetic steroid [LAS] group). Verbal numeric rating scale (VNRS) and Western Ontario McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) scores were measured at pre-procedure and 1-, 4-, and 12-weeks post-procedure. Results: VNRS scores decreased significantly (P < 0.001) in both the groups at 12 weeks and other follow up times compared to baseline. Seventy-three percent of patients in the PRF group and 66% in the LAS group achieved effective pain relief (≥ 50% pain reduction) at 12 weeks (P > 0.999). There was also a statistically significant (P < 0.001) improvement in WOMAC scores in both groups at all follow up times. However, there was no intergroup difference in VNRS (P = 0.893) and WOMAC scores (P = 0.983). No complications were reported. Conclusions: Both ultrasound-guided PRF of the genicular nerve and blocks of genicular nerve with local anesthetic and a steroid provided comparable pain relief without any complications. However, PRF of the genicular nerve is a procedure that takes much more time and equipment than the genicular nerve block.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.371-376
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• 2007

Objective : Balloon kyphoplasty can effectively relieve the symptomatic pain and correct the segmental deformity of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. While many articles have reported on the effectiveness of the procedure, there has not been any research on the factors affecting the deformity correction. Here, we evaluated both the relationship between postoperative pain relief and restoration of the vertebral height, and segmental kyphosis, as well as the various factors affecting segmental deformity correction after balloon kyphoplasty. Methods : Between January 2004 and December 2006, 137 patients (158 vertebral levels) underwent balloon kyphoplasty. We analyzed various factors such as the age and sex of the patient, preoperative compression ratio, kyphotic angle of compressed segment, injected PMMA volume, configuration of compression, preoperative bone mineral density (BMD) score, time interval between onset of symptom and the procedure, visual analogue scale (VAS) score for pain rating and surgery-related complications. Results : The mean postoperative VAS score improvement was $4.93{\pm}0.17$. The mean postoperative height restoration rate was $17.8{\pm}1.57%$ and the kyphotic angle reduction was $1.94{\pm}0.38^{\circ}$. However, there were no significant statistical correlations among VAS score improvement, height restoration rate, and kyphotic angle reduction. Among the various factors, the configuration of the compressed vertebral body (p=0.002) was related to the height restoration rate and the direction of the compression (p=0.006) was related with the kyphotic angle reduction. The preoperative compression ratio (p=0.023, p=0.006) and injected PMMA volume (p<0.001, p=0.035) affected both the height restoration and kyphotic angle reduction. Only the preoperative compression ratio was found to be as an independent affecting factor (95% CI : 1.064-5.068). Conclusion : The two major benefits of balloon kyphoplasty are immediate pain relief and local deformity correction, but segmental deformity correction achieved by balloon kyphoplasty does not result in additional pain relief. Among the factors that were shown to affect the segmental deformity correction, configuration of the compressed vertebral body, direction of the most compressed area, and preoperative compression ratio were not modifiable. However, careful preoperative consideration about the modifiable factor, the PMMA volume to inject, may contribute to the dynamic correction of the segmental deformity.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.319-354
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• 2013

창의적 아이디어를 지식으로 변환하고 이를 활용하여 부를 축적하는 창조경제의 구현은 세계적 화두이자 우리나라의 핵심국정목표이다. 우리나라는 지식재산의 창출역량은 높은 수준에 다다랐으나 그 지식재산의 활용/관리 역량은 부족하며 특히 국경 없는 전쟁이라 불리는 지식재산분쟁에 대한 체계적 대응과 전략적 관리 역량은 개별 기업 차원에서도 그리고 국가 관리시스템 차원에서도 부족한 것으로 평가되어 이 부분에 대한 역량강화가 요구된다. 본 연구는 지식재산분쟁에 대한 전략적 관리 역량강화를 위해 무엇이 필요한지를 생각해 보는 계기를 마련하기 위해 ICT 융합의 실용특허인 스마트폰/태블릿PC를 중심으로 우리나라의 삼성과 미국의 애플 간에 9개국에 걸쳐 동시다발적으로 진행 중인 글로벌 지식재산소송을 분석하였다. 특히 소송결과에 따른 구제수단 중 즉각적인 시장봉쇄효과가 있고 개별 기업뿐만 아니라 산업의 지형도와 국가경쟁력에 직접적 영향을 미칠 수 있는 침해금지청구(제품의 판매금지명령)소송에 대해서 살펴보았다. 본 연구는 우리나라 기업과 글로벌 지식재산 분쟁이 가장 빈번한 미국에서의 소송을 중심으로 하였다. 본 연구는 애플이 제기한 영구적 침해금지청구소송에 관한 미국의 1심 판결문을 중심으로 미국에서 침해금지청구가 인용되기 위한 요건을 분석하고, 이를 바탕으로 그에 관한 법률적 쟁점이 기업 전략적 측면에서는 어떠한 시사점을 가지는지를 생각해보고자 하였다. 이 글은 아직 소송이 진행 중인 1심의 판결 결과에 대한 분석이고 미국의 소송을 중심으로 법률적 쟁점과 기술경영전략적 쟁점을 연결할 수 있는 연결고리를 찾는 것에 중점을 두고 있다는 점에서 향후 여러 국가를 비교한 종합적 분석이 요구되는 한계가 있다. 그러나 본 연구가 창조경제시대는 기술경영의 시대에서 한 단계 진화하여 기술경영과 법률경영을 하나로 융합하는 기업의 역량과 자국 기업을 위해 최적의 게임의 룰을 제공하는 국가의 역량이 어느 때보다 중요하다는 점을 강조한다는 점에서 그 의의를 찾을 수 있기를 기대한다.

• 의료법학
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.43-67
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• 2011

Humankind history is faced with one gigantic turning point due to development of Living genetically Modified Organisms. Food production by means of LMO is on the acceleration in an effort to solve the shortage of food problems. Food is also used as alternative energy source. Use of LMO product is not only limited to food and energy, but is actively utilized in various fields of medicines. This paper is first to check out the state of biomedicine developed and associated problems from industries that use LMO, after which we made an attempt on legislative approach to find out means of relief, through examples of such laws legislated for the sufferer from the adverse effect of the biomedicine. As for the liable subject to bear the responsibility for compensatory damage in a way of relieving the victim owing to adverse effect of biomedicine, those who manufactured and sold biomedicine and who are related to the damage to the victim due to the accident and medical doctors and pharmacists who prescribe and administer the medicine in question have been looked into. Accidents involving medicines and medical supplies could take place without reason for imputation on part of the liable subjects or fault of the victim, in which case the victim can't receive damage compensation from any of both parties. When such accidents happened turn out to be no fault accidents, introduction of damage relief measures might have to be reviewed against side effects of medicine and medical supplies as no fault compensation in order for actual relief to be possible. Talking about technicality of legislation, we can suggest a method of strengthening the accountability of manufacturer for stereotypical agenda on biomedicines by newly legislating special regulation with an issue that resists claim on risks associated with the development of medicine and incorporating the same into Manufactured Product Liability Law. After all, when an accident happens associated with biomedicine, the damage will be done to the consumer. And the consumer will be exposed to fatal danger even without the time to cope with potential risks associated with medicine and medical supplies they take. Therefore, it is necessary to protect the potential victim by having the manufacturer of biomedicines bear the liability of medical risks.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.47-52
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• 1988

Since 1979 forty-three cancer patients have been given intrathecal block at the pain clinic of Yonsei Medical Center. The male patients numbered 23 and female 20 and most of them were in the 4th and 5th decades of age. In 78.6% of the patients, the diagnosis was rectal cancer in 20 cases, cervix cancer in 7 cases, bladder cancer in 4 cases and colon cancer in 3 cases. Thirty six patients with cancer pain were treated by intrathecal 10% phenol-glycerine block and rest of them had only test block. Fourteen patients whose pain sites were lumbar or lumbar and upper sacral dermatomes were put into the lateral recumbent position on the fluoroscopic table. The spinal puncture was performed as close to the spinal roots to be impregnated as possible. In 22 patients the pain sites were covered by the sacral dermatomes and so the L5-S1 interspace was punctured in the sitting position shifted 15 degree to the affected site. Fifty one blocks were performed and their results are classified into three categories: good, fair antral poor. We achieved good results in 38 patients(77.1%), fair in 6 patients(17.1%) and poor in 2 patient(5.7%). Thus a satisfactory pain relief was achieved in 94.2% of patients. After intrathecal block with phenol glycerine, transient voiding difficulty was noted in 7, defecation difficulty in 1, and transient paresthesia and/or muscle weakness was present in 3 patients. The mean duration of pain relief was 2.5 months and longer than the mean survival time of 2.25 months. When patients are selected carefully and tile block is performed with great caution and good technique, the risk is minimal and a long lasting relief of intractable cancer pain achieves a painless life until death.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.561-566
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• 2020

본 논문은 우울증 진단 환자의 증상 완화를 위한 참참참 놀이 및 끝말잇기 놀이 로봇을 설계 및 구현한다. 우울증의 핵심 증상은 삶에 대한 흥미와 관심을 상실하는 것으로, 우울증 진단 환자가 로봇을 통해 자신의 표정에 드러나는 감정 분석을 확인하고 참참참 혹은 끝말잇기 놀이를 진행한다. 놀이 후 표정에 드러나는 감정을 다시 분석하여 보고 받음으로 구현 로봇의 기능을 확인한다. 간단한 놀이를 통해 우울증을 진단 받은 환자의 질환이 완벽하게 치료될 수는 없지만, 점진적인 활용을 통해 증상 완화에 기여할 수 있다. 참참참, 끝말잇기 놀이 로봇의 설계는 Thecorpora사의 상호작용이 가능한 오픈소스형 로봇 Q.bo One를 사용한다. Q.bo One의 시스템은 사용자의 얼굴을 캡쳐하여 사진을 촬영하고, Azure 서버에 값을 전달하여 축적된 데이터를 통해 놀이 전 후의 감정 분석을 확인한다. 놀이는 Q.bo One의 OS인 라즈비안에서 프로그래밍 언어 Python을 활용하여 구현하고 외부센서들과 상호작용하여 작동하도록 구현한다. 본 논문은 놀이 로봇으로 비교적 짧은 시간에 우울증 진단 환자의 증상 완화에 도움을 주는 것을 목적으로 한다.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.157-164
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• 2023

본 논문은 NP-완전 문제로 분류된 기업 세금 구조 최적화 문제를 O(n²)의 다항시간으로 구하는 휴리스틱 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 제안된 알고리즘은 목적지(T)인 본사 노드를 레벨 1으로, 세금코드 범주 T_e=1, 4, 3, 2의 노드들을 레벨 2,3,4,5 순서로 배치하였다. 원천(S)-목적지(T)의 최대세금감면 경로를 찾기 위해, 첫 번째로 노드 u에서 v 노드로 송금 시 u 관점에서 부과되는 유출 과세(r_w(u, v))를 최소화시키는 방법으로 _minr_w(u, v)의 호를 연결하였다. 이 결과 모든 S로부터 T까지의 신장트리를 구성하여 초기 실현 가능 해를 구하였다. 다음으로, v 관점에서 자국에 유입되는 이익금에 대한 외국 소득세(r_fi)를 최소화시키는 _minr_fi(u, v)의 대체 경로를 찾아 두 경로 중 최대 세금감면 경로를 선정하였다. 제안된 휴리스틱 알고리즘을 10개의 벤치마킹 데이터에 적용한 결과 선형계획법이나 메타휴리스틱의 일종인 Tabu 탐색 법에 비해 보다 최적의 결과를 얻었다.