• 농촌계획
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.89-99
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• 2020

This study was conducted as a basic research to create a sound and vital ecological environment in the city compared to the appearance characteristics of Gap stream(G-stream), which are the main stream of Banseok stream(B-stream), by analyzing the characteristics of waterbirds, including Wild Spot-billed Duck (S-Duck), that live in B-stream built as ecological stream. The waterbird survey was conducted by the line census for 3.2km, Jukdong-bridge to Jamiseon-bridge, from January to August 2018. The analysis of the survey was conducted with Relative species density(RD) of the emerging waterbird species, the Species diversity and Density Per Unit area for 100㎡(DPU). The waterbird survey results of B-stream was conducted 65 times. The five types of water birds that appeared during the survey were Spot-billed Duck(Anas poecilorhyncha), Teal(Anas crecca), Little Egret(Egretta garzetta), Great Egret(Egretta alba), and Grey Heron(Ardea cinerea). As a result, for S-Duck at B-stream, RD was 89.9%, monthly species diversity was simple as 0.3801 in January, 0.5943 in February and 0.3501 in August. The DPU of the S-Duck was 0.165/100㎡ in the B-Stream survey section which was 4.9 times higher than the main stream section, G-stream. The non-freezing zone of the city's small stream is expected to play an important role as a winter stop for wild birds such as S-Duck during the freezing period of the huge stream. For this reason, considering the ecological characteristics of wild waterbirds such as S-Duck when creating ecological stream, a: space and linear selection of waterways which can minimize the impact of natural enemy and increasing the number of walkers, b: management water-friendly plants in the low flow channel, c: arrangement walking-bicycle road will be necessary.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.65-79
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• 1991

서울 남산의 식생과 개미군집의 종조성 및 colony 밀도를 구명하기 위하여 1989년 6월부터 1990년 10월 까지 13종의 식생에다 39방형구를 설치하여 443colony를 채집한 결과 4아과 23속 28종의 분포를 확인하였다. 그 중에 배잘록침개미(신칭) Cerapachys humicola $O_{GATA}$는 한국미기록아과인 배잘록침개미아과(신칭) Cerapachinae에 속하는 미기록종이었다. 식생별 개미군집의 종조성은 아카시나무군락에 3아과 14속 15종으로서 남산에서 채집된 전종수인 28종의 53%에 해당되며, 신갈나무에는 3아과 12속 14종이 채집되어 전체종수의 50%로서 비교적 종류조성이 풍부하였고, 버즘나무에 3아과 3속 3종으로 가장 단조로웠다. 식생별 colony 밀도는 산벚나무군락에서 7,875colony/$m^2$로 가장 높고, 버즘나무에서 1,000colony/$\m^2$로서 가장 낮았다. 개미의 종별 상대밀도는 스미드개미가 RD=0.422로 가장 높았다. 배잘록침개미, 장구개미가 RD=0.002로 가장 낮았다. 식생간에 개미군집의 유사도를 Sorensen지수로 분석한 결과는 산벚나무와 팥배나무군락사이에서 0.745, 산벚나무와 소나무군락사이에서 0.736으로 높았고, 산벚나무와 화백군락 그리고 산벚나무와 메타세코이아군락간에서 각각 0.164로 가장 낮았다. 각 식생군락내의 개미의 우점도를 Simpson공식에 의해 분석하여 볼 때 버즘나무군락에 $\lambda$=0.067로 가장 낮았다. 역 Simpson지수에 의하여 분석된 다양도는 메타세코이아 $d_{s}$=14.925 리기다소나무 $d_{s}$=7.874순으로 높았고 버즘나무군락에$d_{s}$=2.545로 가장 낮았다. $d_{s}$와 $d_{max}$를 사용하여 산출한 균등도는 메타세코이아군락에서 $E_{s}$=0.713, 화백군락에서 $E_{s}$=0.624로 높았고, 신갈나무군락에서 $E_{s}$=0.182로 가장 낮았다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제96권2호
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• pp.160-169
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• 2007

The data used to develop distance-independent individual models for natural mixed forests were collected from 712 remeasured permanent sample plots (25,526 trees) of 10-year periodic from 1990 to 2000 in Baihe Forest Bureau of Changbai Mountains, northeast China. Based on analyzing relationship between diameter increment of individual trees with tree size, competitive status, and site condition, the diameter growth models for individual trees of 15 species growing in mixed-species uneven-aged forest stands, that have simple form, good predicting precision, and easily applicable, were developed using stepwise regression method. The main variables influencing on diameter increment of individual trees were tree size and competition, however, the site conditions were not significantly related with diameter increment. The tree size variables (lnDBH and $DBH^2$) were the most significant and important predictors of diameter growth existing in all 15 growth models. The diameter increment was directly proportional to tree diameter for each species. For the competitive factors in growth model, the relative diameter (RD), canopy closure (P), and the ratio of diameter of subject tree with maximum diameter (DDM) were contributed to the diameter increment at a certain extent. Other measures of stand density, such as basal area of stand (G) and stand density index (SDI), were not significantly influenced on diameter increment. Site factors, such as site index, slope and aspect were not important to diameter increment and excluded in the final models. The total variance explained by the final models of squared diameter increment ($R^2$) for all 15 species ranged from 35% to 72% and these results compared quit closely with those of Wykoff (1990) for mixed conifer stands. Using independent data set, validation measures were evaluated for predicting models of diameter increment developed in this study. The result indicated that the estimated precision was all greater than 94% and the models were suitable to describe diameter increment.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.45-50
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• 1981

Diurnal changes in leaf stomatal resistances were measured on leaf positions and both surfaces to investigate the stomatal response to irradiance in wheat, var. Chokwang and barley, var. Dongbori 1. Stomatal frequency and size were also determined to explain the control mechanism of gas exchanges in two species. The leaf diffusive resistances of two species decreased, as the sun rose, to minimum at 10 to 11 o'clock a.m. and increased gradually in the afternoon, even faster at sunset. As the adaxial irradiance increased, stomatal resistances decreased sensitively in the range of 30uEm$^{-2}$ㆍsec$^{-1}$ to 150uEm$^{-2}$ㆍsec$^{-1}$ quantum flux density. The stomatal opening of the abaxial surface began at lower irradiance and was completed earlier than the adaxial surface. The adaxial irradiances decreased in order of leaf position, flag, the 2nd, the 3rd leaf, and the stomatal resistances increased in the same order. Even under the same irradiance, the stomatal resistance of lower leaves were higher than those of upper leaves. The stomatal frequencies of lower leaves were less, but the stomatal size was greater than those of upper leaves. Consequently, the relative leaf area occupied by stomatal pores were constant among leaf positions in two species.