• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.23-30
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• 2016

Purpose - As socially responsible consumption increases, green marketing emerges as a new philosophy in marketing. A number of companies are now putting forth green marketing strategies. But there is no single definition of "green brand" that can be used interchangeably. In this paper, we attempt to explore the meaning for "green brand," especially in Information and Technology products. Research design, data, and methodology - The author developed qualitative and quantitative research design. In particular, the paper approaches this topic from the Asian consumers' perspective and applies ethical concepts to green brand research. For this, Chinese and Korean consumers were used as consumer segmentation variables to investigate their ethical perspectives. Results - Qualitative research showed that there are several attributes and benefits we need to consider for green brand. Quantitative study showed positive correlations of the two variables: the higher the consumer ethics are, the more they prefer green brands. Conclusions - The current study shows that consumers clearly have a certain propensity toward green brand equity. Thus, marketers should consider the consumers' evaluation about green brands. This paper also proposes that ethics have a close relationship with green brand equity, and companies may use ethics in marketing strategy management.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.623-635
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• 2021

The purpose of this research is to examine the impact of information risk on the Cost of Equity (COE) and whether the risk of a stock price crash mediates the relation between information risk and COE. To test the dynamic nature of the proposed model, the two-step system GMM dynamic panel estimators are applied to all the non-financial firms listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) from 2007- 2018. The results of this study show that all three types of information risk, as well as the risk of the share price crash, increases the COE. The crash risk strengthens the impact of information risk on the COE. Moreover, these three information risks are correlated with each other and an increase in information quality reduces the effect of asymmetric information and improves the investor interpreting ability, while an increase in private information decreases the transparency. The finding is crucial for asset pricing, portfolio management, and information disclosure. This study contributes to the literature by providing novel findings on the impact of three different types of information risk, i.e. private information, quality of information, and transparency of information on the COE as well as whether crash risk mediates the relationship.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.127-137
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• 2021

Mainland China area has been a long-term, major trade rival and partner of Taiwan, accounting for more than 40% of Taiwan's total annual trade exports, and so Sino-US trade friction is expected to have a significant impact on Taiwan's economy in the future. This study focuses on major bad news of Sino-US trade frictions and how it generates short-term shocks for Taiwan's equity market and fear sentiment. It further explores the mutual interpretation relationship between price changes such as VIX, Taiwan's stock market index, and the VIX ETF to identify which factors have information leadership as leading indicators. The study period covers 750 trading days from 2017/1/3 to 2020/1/31. This study finds that, when a policy news is announced, the stock market index falls significantly, the change in the trading price (net value) of the VIX ETF rises significantly, and the overprice rate significantly drops, but VIX does not, showing that fear sentiment exists in the Taiwan's market. The net value of the VIX ETF shows an information advantage as a leading indicator. This study suggests that, when the world's two largest economies clash over trade, the impact on Taiwan's equity market is inevitable, and that short-term fear effects will arise.

• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.21-26
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• 2017

Purpose - This study extracts performance-reward factors based on the previous studies related to Herzberg's two-factor theory and performance-reward and proposes a research method to identify how these factors have an influence on task performance directly related to production performance and contextual performance that has an indirect influence. Research Design, Data, and Methodology - This study draws performance-reward factors through Focus Group Interview(FGI), classifies them into economic/uneconomic and direct/indirect factors, draws maintenance/improvement factors and unnecessary ones through IPA, and maximizes the effectiveness of performance-reward factors. Results - It also identifies how performance-reward factors have an influence on internal and external motives based on previous studies, classifies performance-reward factors into task performance and contextual performance and identifies the influence relationship between these, and proposes a research model to identify the roles of equity sensitivity based on equity theory. Conclusion - The findings from this study are expected to lay the groundwork for drawing various methods to reduce the turnover rate of employees and be important resources for reinforcing the competitiveness of businesses by classifying the performance -reward factors that may cause internal and external motives from the small and medium-sized manufacturing perspective and presenting methods to identify if these have an influence on task performance and contextual performance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.362-377
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• 2017

This study examined the relationship between country-of-brand-origin perception and brand equity elements among Korean and Chinese male consumers. It also examined if there were differences between the two national consumers in the effect of country-of-brand-origin on brand evaluation. We analyzed survey responses from 414 Korean men and 393 Chinese men in their 20s-30s. Country-of-brand-origin perception was found positively related to brand awareness and brand image for both Korean and Chinese men in each group that selected domestic or foreign country-of-brand-origin. The results revealed a positive relationship between brand attitude and brand awareness as well as brand image for the two national consumers in each country-of-brand-origin selection group. The results indicated differences in the influence of brand image on brand attitude between these two male consumers in the group that selected the domestic country-of-brand-origin. The results also support the hypothesis on differences in the effect of country-of-brand-origin as well as brand evaluation between male consumers in the group that selected foreign country-of-brand-origin. This study has significant implications for fashion marketers, particularly when building brand equity by revealing country-of-brand-origin.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.97-108
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• 2022

This paper examined the impact of financing structure on the innovation efficiency of SMEs by constructing an econometric model using panel data of SMEs listed on the SME board from 2010 to 2020 as the research sample. The innovation efficiency of SMEs was measured by the Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA), the relationship between financing structure and innovation efficiency of SMEs was examined with the help of the Tobit model, and the corresponding heterogeneity analysis was conducted. Finally, the robustness of the model was tested. It was concluded that the effects of debt and equity financing on the quantitative efficiency of innovation were non-linear and mainly showed an inverted "U" shaped relationship. For innovation quality efficiency, bond financing could positively contribute, while equity financing negatively inhibits. Finally, the corresponding advice was given.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.579-591
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• 2022

This study analyzed the effect of career development system and personnel management equity on career success for workers who experienced various career change environments. The results of empirical study were as follows: First, it was found that career adaptation partially mediated career development system and career success relationship. Second, it was found that the moderating effects of personnel management equity on career success and career adaptation respectively. Third, it was found that the moderating effect of personnel system fairness was mediated by career adaptability in the relationship between career development system and career success. The analysis results confirm the importance of career adaptability and personnel system fairness for individual career success and suggest that the effectiveness of the career development system can be increased when the characteristics of career development and the personnel system are combined.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.39-46
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• 2020

Playing an important role in developing the economy and overall developments of the country, commercial banks have to be aware of their crucial presence in order to perform well and contribute significantly. At the same time, as a place to receive deposits, banks are required to be in safe situations to avoid bankruptcy or deal with financial crises. This research seeks to identify the determinants of Capital Adequacy Ratio and Banks' performance as well as the relationship between these two dependent variables. The paper uses 128 observations of 16 Vietnamese commercial banks during the period from 2010 to 2017, with two simultaneous dependent variables CAR and ROE, and independent variables including Return on Assets, Tobin Q, Credit growth, GDP growth, Equity to Deposits, Loans to Deposits, Bank size, Cost to Income, Liquidity risk, Provision for Loan loss ratio, Non-performing loans and Inflation. The results reveal that Capital Adequacy Ratio and Banks' Performance have statistically significant relationship and Credit growth, GDP growth, Equity-to-Deposit ratio and Cost-to-Income ratio all have significant effects on two dependent variables. The findings of this study suggest that commercial banks should control the respective elements in order to maintain adequate level of capital and also create effective performance.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.1-14
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• 2016

사회적기업의 브랜드를 추구하는 패션 소비층은 개인적인 가치 기준을 바탕으로 합리적인 소비생활을 하며 브랜드 이미지를 중시하고 자신만의 감도를 찾는 공통된 특징을 가지고 있다. 이러한 추세에 따라 패션 사회적 브랜드는 새로운 각도에서 소비자들을 이해하며 환경변화에 능동적으로 대응할 필요성이 요구되고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 패션 사회적 브랜드-소비자 관계의 세부적 요인이 브랜드 자산 구성요소들에 미치는 구조적 관계에 대해 규명하며, 연구결과를 기준으로 패션사회적 브랜드가 소비자의 구매행동을 예측하여 보다 효율적인 브랜드 전략을 진행하는데 있어 시사점을 제공하고자 한다. 이를 위해 2015년 4월 1일부터 30일까지 ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ 패션 사회적 브랜드 상품구매경험자를 800명을 대상으로 설문을 실시하였으며, SPSS 20.0, AMOS 20.0을 사용하여, 빈도분석, 신뢰도 분석, 요인분석 및 경로분석을 실시하였다. 이상을 바탕으로 도출된 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 브랜드-소비자 관계의 행위적 몰입, 인지적 믿음은 브랜드 인지도에 유의한 영향을 미쳤으나, 감성적 유대는 브랜드 인지도에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 둘째, 브랜드-소비자 관계의 행위적 몰입, 감성적 유대, 인지적 믿음은 브랜드 이미지에 유의한 영향을 미쳤다. 셋째, 패션 사회적 브랜드 이미지는 브랜드 태도 및 브랜드 충성도에 유의한 영향을 미쳤다. 넷째, 패션 사회적 브랜드의 지각된 품질은 브랜드 이미지, 브랜드 태도, 브랜드 충성도에 유의한 영향을 미쳤다. 다섯째, 패션 사회적 브랜드 태도는 브랜드 충성도에 유의한 영향을 미쳤다.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.173-185
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• 2011

This study aimed to clarify the difference between consumers and hands-on staff in evaluation of the attributes importance of asset evaluation attributes and the relationship between difference from consumers and hands-on staff in evaluation of the attributes and the performance. Subjects for the quantitative research, quota sampling was adopted in the areas where the subject brands were in place, and 452 questionnaires (141 of hands-on staff, 311 of consumers) were analyzed. The results were as follows; 1. The factors that hands-on staff and consumers regarded as most important as to asset evaluation attributes of department store-exclusive importation brands included preference and product quality in the order, and then image, recognition, reliability, and country of origin in the case of hands-on staff, and reliability, image, recognition, and country of origin in the case of consumers in the order. 2. As a result of examining the effect of the difference between hands-on staff and consumers regarding exclusive importation brands(GAP, ZARA) of certain department stores on business achievement and consumer attitude, it turned out that the smaller the difference between the two groups with regard to evaluation, the higher the business achievement and consumer attitude.