• 신재생에너지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.51-59
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• 2013

Tantalum carbide crystallites which is to be used for $H_2$ fuel cell has been synthesized via a temperature-programmed reduction of $Ta_2O_5$ with pure $CH_4$. The resultant Ta carbide crystallites prepared using two different heating rates and space velocity exhibit the different surface areas. The $O_2$ uptake has a linear relation with surface area, corresponding to an oxygen capacity of $1.36{\times}10^{13}\;O\;cm^{-2}$. Tantalum carbide crystallites are very active for hydrogen production form ammonia decomposition reaction. Tantalum carbides are as much as two orders of magnitude more active than Pt/C catalyst (Engelhard). The highest activity has been observed at a ratio of $C_1/Ta^{{\delta}+}=0.85$, suggesting the presence of electron transfer between metals and carbon in metal carbides.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.269-273
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• 2012

Ammonia decomposition over titanium carbides were investigated using eight different samples which have been synthesized by TPR (temperature-programmed reduction) method of titanium oxide ($TiO_2$) with pure $CH_4$. The resulting materials which were synthesized using wo different heating rates and space velocity exhibited the different surface areas. These results indicated that the structural properties of these materials have been related to heating rates and space velocity employed. The titanium carbides prepared in this study proved to be active for ammonia decomposition, and the activity changed with the particle size/surface area. These showed the relationship between ammonia decomposition activity and the different active species. Compared to molybdenum carbide, the titanium carbides were one order of magnitude less active, suggesting the correlation between the activity difference and the degree of electron transfer between metals and carbon in metal carbides.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2016년도 제50회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.370.1-370.1
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• 2016

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are considered hazardous air pollutants and these are emitted from building materials and household products. VOCs can cause global warming as well as human sickness, and even cancer. Photocatalysis provides a way of converting VOCs into harmless materials. Various researches have shown that $TiO_2$ is the most efficient photocatalysts due to its excellent activity. In this study, metal/non-metal doped $TiO_2$ particles are synthesized for the enhancement of the photocatalytic properties of pure $TiO_2$. By metal/non-metal doping, band gap energies of prepared samples were analyzed by UV/Visible spectrophotometer. The physical and chemical properties of synthesized powder were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope, by BET for measuring their specific surface area, and by XRD for phase identification and particle size determination. Degradation ability for p-xylene was evaluated through monitoring the concentration in a closed chamber. Relation between their properties and decomposition abilities for VOC were evaluated based on the experimental results.

• 천문학회보
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.35.4-35.4
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• 2019

We have conducted a 22 GHz very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) survey of 281 local (z < 0.05) active galactic nuclei (AGNs) selected from the Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) 70-month ultra hard X-ray (14-195 keV) catalog. The main goal is to investigate the relation between the strengths of black hole accretion and the parsec-scale nuclear jet, which is expected to tightly correlate but has not been observationally confirmed yet. The BAT AGN Spectroscopic Survey (BASS) provides the least biased AGN sample against obscuration including both Seyfert types, hence it makes an ideal parent sample for studying the nuclear jet properties of an overall AGN population. Using the Korean VLBI Network (KVN), the KVN and VERA Array (KaVA), and the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA), we observed 281 objects with a 22 GHz flux > 30 mJy, detecting 11 targets (~4% of VLBI detection rate). This implies that the fraction of X-ray AGNs which are currently ejecting a strong nuclear jet is very small. Although our 11 sources span a wide range of pc-scale morphological types, from compact to complex, they lie on a tight linear relation between accretion luminosity and nuclear jet luminosity. Our finding may indicate that the power of nuclear jet is directly responsible for the amount of black hole accretion. We also have probed the fundamental plane of black hole activity in VLBI scale (e.g., few milli-arcsecond). The results from our high-frequency VLBI radio study support that the change of jet luminosity and size follows what is predicted by the AGN evolution scenario based on the Eddington ratio (ƛ$_{Edd}$) - column density ($N_H$) plane, proposed by a previous study.

• 한국광물학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.139-151
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• 2009

경북 일원에 분포하는 일부 약수탕(7개)의 침전물의 광물학적 특징을 수질과 관련하여 고찰하였다. 약수탕의 수질유형은 $Ca-HCO_3$, $Na(Ca)-HCO_3$, $Ca-SO_4$로 나타난다. 약수의 가장 풍부한 화학성분은 Ca, Fe, $HCO_3\;^-$이다. 대부분의 pH는 5.76${\sim}$6.81 범위를 보이지만, 황수탕의 경우는 예외적으로 pH 2.8의 강산성을 보인다. 수질분석치를 근거로 한 포화지수 계산에 따르면 모든 약수는 철산화물, 철수산화광물에 대하여 과포화상태에 놓여 있어 이들 광물들은 쉽게 침전될 수 있을 것으로 예측된다. 침전물의 입도분석결과에 따르면 침전물은 다양한 입도의 물질로 구성되어 있는데, 이는 수질변화에 민감한 함철광물의 상변화 가능성 또는 여러 광물종의 혼합물의 존재를 지시한다. 대체로 적갈색 침전물의 입자가 연갈색 침전물에 비하여 더 크다. XRD, SEM분석결과 주요 광물들은 페리하이드라이트(2-line type), 슈베르트마나이트, 침철석 및 방해석로 구성되며, 규산염광물과 망간산화물이 소량 수반된다. 대부분의 약수탕에서 가장 풍부한 광물은 페리하이드라이트인데, 이것의 입자크기는 $0.1{\sim}2\;{\mu}m$ 범위이며, 평균 $0.5\;{\mu}m$의 구형의 극미립질이 주를 이룬다. pH가 매우 낮은 황수탕에서는 슈베르트마나이트가 특징적으로 형성된다. 철박테리아의 일종인 Gallionella ferruginea는 신촌약수탕에서 흔하게 관찰되는데, 극미립질 구형의 철산화물 입자들이 Gallionella stalk 표면에 치밀하게 분포한다. 이같은 특징은 Gallionella 박테리아의 활동이 철광물의 형성에 직접적인 영향을 주는 것임을 의미한다. 조사된 약수탕의 수질특징과 침전광물의 형성은 서로 밀접한 관련성을 가지는 것으로 나타났다.