• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2023

Background: Like many other countries, falls and related injuries in older adults are great concerns in South Korea. In particular, falls are common in medical institutions, often causing the increase of the length of hospitalization. Objects: The purpose of this review was to help understand and address falls in hospitalized individuals in South Korea. Methods: The review was conducted on literature published in Korean from 2010 to 2022, searched in the Korea Citation Index and PubMed. Keywords used for the search were as follows: falls, fall risk, fall risk assessment, hospital, inpatient, intervention, Korea, and prevention. Results: A total of 54 articles were found and reviewed. The most common place of fall accidents was the inpatient room, where there were many cases of falls while walking. Loss of balance was the most common cause of falls, and many falls occurred in patients admitted to the internal medicine. Furthermore, a risk of falling increased with the type of medications taken. In terms of tools to assess patients' fall risk, the Morse Fall Scale (MFS) was commonly used. Patient-specific fall prevention activities were common to address falls, and they decreased the frequency of falls and the fear of falling. Factors influencing the effectiveness of the fall prevention activities included attitudes toward falls, education, environmental factors, patient safety culture, and self-efficacy in preventing falls. Conclusion: Our results should help understand and address falls and injuries in medical institutions.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.23-39
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• 2007

Objective: The objective of this study is to identify the risk factors for falls among the Korean elderly population. Methods: We analyzed the data on 167 persons of 65 years of age or older who have experienced falls drawn from the Third Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We conducted a cross-tabulation analysis and logistic regression analysis of the impact of the socio-demographic characteristics, health-related behavior, mobility, and morbidity upon the frequencies of falls. Results: Among the socio-demographic characteristics, gender(p<0.001), marital status(p<0.1), and the type of medical insurance(<0.1) were found to be statistically significant, Among the constraints on mobility, the severity of walking problems, (p<0.001) and depression(p<0.05) proved to be significant, As for variables related to health-related behavior, the level of routine physical activities (p<0.001) was found significant, Finally, rheumatism(p<0.1), osteoporosis(p<0.05), diabetes(p<0.1), urinary incontinence(p<0.01) were also significant. A logistic regression analysis of the incidence of falls revealed that urinary incontinence was the most important risk factor with an odds ratio of 2.7. Conclusion: Although a variety of factors affect the frequencies of falls in the elderly population, urinary incontinence proved to be the single most important risk factor. This finding implies that education for fall prevention is crucial for those with urinary incontinence.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2000년도 학술발표대회논문집
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• pp.131-136
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to identify the perceptual differences among independent elderly relative. to falls risk associated with specified environmental design factors. The sample consisted of 135 independent elderly who live in Ulsan. The data were collected by utilizing questionnaire which included demographic information, and environmental design assessments accompanied by line drawings. The data were analyzed by using SAS program. The major findings were as follows: (1) There were 35(25.9％) elderly experienced fall(s) within one year and about half of the fallers fell more than once. (2) The elderly perceived lighting is the most hazardous interior design factor related to increased risk of falls. (3) There was a significant difference among age groups on perception of lighting as interior design factors and the elderly perceived differently floor as interior design factors by their perceived health status.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제25호
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• pp.130-134
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to identify the perceptual differences among independent elderly relative to falls risk associated with specified environmental design factors. The sample consisted of 135 independent elderly who live in Ulsan. The data were collected by utilizing questionnaire which included demographic information, and environmental design assessments accompanied by line drawings. The data were analyzed by using SAS program. The major findings were as follows: (1) There were 35(25.9%) elderly experienced fall(s) within one year and about half of the fallers fell more than once. (2) The elderly perceived lighting is the most hazardous interior design factor related to increased risk of falls. (3) There was a significant difference among age groups on perception of lighting factors and the elderly perceived floor factors differently by their perceived health status.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.51-60
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• 2004

Falls are common, costly, and a leading cause of death among older adults. The major predisposing factors of a fall may include age-related deterioration in the dynamic system composed of auditory, somatosensory, vestibular, visual, musculoskeletal, and neuromuscular subsystems. Older adults with a history of frequent falls demonstrated significant reductions in gait velocity, muscle force production, and balance performance. These altered neuromechanical characteristics may be further exaggerated when faced with conflicting multisensory conditions. Despite the important contribution of multisensory function on the sensorimotor system during postural and locomotor tasks, it remains unclear whether multisensory intervention will produce dynamic balance improvement during locomotion in older adults with a history of frequent falls. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to address important factors associated with falls in elderly adults and provide theoretical rationale for a multisensory intervention program model.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.302-310
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• 2010

Purpose: A comprehensive analysis of demographical, disease, functional status and fall risk related factors identified factors associated with falls in elderly hypertensive. Method: A descriptive research design was used. The participants were 124 persons aged 65 years or older registered at the community center in Daegu city. The data were collected from October, 2008 to February, 2009. Frequency, Fisher's exact test, $X^2$-test, t-test, and logistic regression were done using the SPSS V17.0. Results: Ninety (72.6%) subjects had experienced falls. The occurrence differed according to number of medications, activities of daily living and competence of vision. Logistic analysis revealed number of medication and impaired vision as independent risk factors for subsequent falls. Conclusion: Supportive nursing for the elderly needs to focus on dizziness and impaired vision to prevent falls in community-dwelling elderly with hypertension.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.50-62
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence and influencing factors of falls in the institutionalized elderly. Method: A descriptive survey design was used with a convenience sampling of 430 institutionalized elderly. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Results: The falls rate after admission in institution was 8.4%. Types of injury after falls were mostly contusion and fracture. Interventions for fall prevention were environmental management and regular evaluation of risk factors for falls. Fall experience was significantly different according to admission periods. Type of falls was significantly different according to state of ADL. Predictors for falls were longer admission periods and dependent state in ADL. Conclusion: Falls is important health related problem in the institutionalized elderly, so effective fall prevention program is needed for their health promotion.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.149-159
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• 2015

Purpose: This study aimed to identify falls and related risks of hospitalized patients in order to provide an baseline data to develop effective nursing intervention programs for fall prevention. Methods: The data on 120 patients who experienced falls from 2010 to 2013 during their hospitalization were collected from the patient' electronic medical records of an university hospital. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics using SPSS/WIN 20.0. Results: Over 60% of the patients who experienced falls during their hospitalization was 65 years or older, and most of them had hypertension. Majority of the subjects needed help to perform daily activities (64%) and complained of general weakness (49.2%). Prior to the falls, the patients were taking average 2.52 medications to treat hypertension. The Fall accident was mostly frequently occurred in their hospital room (59.2%), or in bed (44.2%). The patients aged 70 years and older were significantly less alert than younger group, and taking more cardiovascular medications. Most fall risk factors were not significantly different for age, gender, and department category. Conclusion: The study findings suggest the need to emphasize the nurses to be more actively aware of fall risk factors and to provide aggressive interventions for preventing falls in hospitalized patients.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.223-235
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• 2004

본 연구는 지역에 대한 고령자의 낙상 발생 상태를 알아보고 이에 관련된 요인을 조사하여 향후 노인의 낙상 예방프로그램에 기초자료를 제공하고자 충청남도 일부 농촌지역의 65세 이상 노인들을 대상으로 낙상에 관한 조사를 시행하였다. 조사대상자는 460명이었으며, 대상자 전원에게 낙상 경험 유무 및 그의 관련요인에 때해 면접조사를 실시하였다. 분석결과를 다음과 같이 요약하였다. 1. 전체 대상자의 악상 경험률은 35.0%이었으며, 성별로는 여자가 42.1%, 남자가 25.1%로 여자가 남자보다 높은 비율이었고 통계적으로도 유의한 차이를 보였다(p=0.000). 연령별로는 65 69세 군이 30.5%, 70 74세 군이 29.1%, 75세 이상 군이 40.4%를 차지하였으며 통계적으로도 유의한 차이를 보였다(p=0.008). 2. 조사대상자의 건강상태에 따른 낙상 경험률에서는 시력과 청력에 이상이 있는 군이 정상군보다 유의하게 높은 비율을 보였으며, 자각증상 유무별로는 "자각증상이 있다"는 경우가 37.9%로 "자각증상이 없다" 18.8% 보다 유의하게 높은비율을 보였다(p=0.004). 자각증상의 내용별로는 "전신권태", "불면", "두통", "요통", "무릎 통증" 및 "몸의 불균형"항목에서 증상이 있는 경우가 없는 경우보다 유의하게 높은 비율이었다. 3. 낙상 경험자들의 낙상발생은 전체 낙상자의 53.4%가 실외에서, 46.6%가 실내에서 발생하여 실내보다 실외에서 더 많은 것으로 나타났으며, 실내에서는 "거실"과 "계단"에서, 실외에서는 "마당"과 "도로"에서 낙상이 많은 것으로 나타났다. 4. 낙상경험의 시기는 "겨울"이 39.1%로 가장 높은 비율이었으며, 다음은 "봄" 24.8%, "가을" 19.9%, "여름" 16.1%의 순위였으며, 낙상경험의 시간대는 "저녁"이 37.9%로 가장 높았으며, 다음은 "오후" 32.3%, "오전" 23.0%, "심야" 6.8%의 순위로 나타났다. 5. 낙상의 원인에 대해서는 "바닥이 미끄러웠다"가 30.5%로 가장 많았고, 다음은 "발이 걸려서 넘어졌다"가 23.5%로 환경적 요인에 의한 낙상의 비율이 높았다. 반면에 신체적인 문제로 보이는 원인으로는 "초조하였다"와 "다른 생각을 하였다"가 각각 11.3%, 10.8%의 비율을 보였다. 낙상 당시의 동작상태로는 "보행중"이 64.0%로 가장 많았고, 다음은 "계단을 오르내리던 중"과 "앉았다 일어나려고 함"이 각각 14.3%로 높은 비율을 차지하였다. 6. 낙상경험에 영향을 미치는 변수로는 성별, 연령, 비만도 및 자각증상 유무 등이었으며 자각증상을 경험할 교차비는 남자에 비해 여자에서 2.19배, 60대보다 70대 이상에서 2.01배, BMI가 정상인 군보다 비정상인 군에서 3.68배, 자각증상이 없는 경우보다 있는 경우에 1.94배 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이상과 같은 결과를 볼 때 농촌지역 노인들의 낙상 경험률은 구미 선진국보다 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 낙상예방을 위해서는 우선 건강상태의 유지와 일상생활능력이 저하되지 않게 하는 것이 중요하다. 또한 많은 낙상이 외부환경요인에 의해 발생하므로 안전한 생활환경을 위한 주변환경의 정비가 필요하다고 본다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.161-171
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• 1998

낙상은 노인에서 중요한 건강문제와 직결된다. 노인의 활동력 저하와 노화로 인한 생리학적 변화는 균형과 기능적 가동성 감소를 초래하고 낙상의 주요 요인이 된다. 노년기의 신체활동은 근력유지뿐만 아니라 균형감각 같은 신경계의 기능유지를 위해서도 필요하다. 노화 되어감에 따라 활동이 줄어들고 대근의 활동보다는 소근의 활동을 중심으로 소일하는 경우가 대부분이다. 따라서 신체의 운동범위가 좁아짐에 따라 활동할 때 신체균형감각이 둔화되어 낙상을 일으키게 되고 심각한 사회적 문제를 초래하게 된다. 그러므로 노인의 낙상방지와 생활의 질적 향상을 위해 적당한 강도의 운동과 균형수행력을 향상시키는 훈련이 필요하다.