• Animal cells and systems
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.49-53
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• 1998

The winter-resident Korean bats, Murina leucogaster ognevi, show a circadian cycle of thermoregulation and locomotion in summer, as do other bat species in temperate regions. They are most active between dusk and dawn with body temperature (Tb) of 35-4OC, and are usually torpid in their roost sites for the rest of day with their Tb close to ambient temperature (Ta) of around 15C. The present study was conducted to determine thermogenic and thermolabile properties of the heterothermic bats that would influence their daily feeding activities and ultimately, their energy conservation strategy. Testing on active male Murina, resting metabolic rate (RMR, gauged by oxygen consumption rate) at the lower limit of thermoneutral zone (31C) was 2.0 L kq-1 h-1. The regression slope of RMR below the thermoneutral zone (an index of metabolic thermal sensitivity) was -0.38 L $kg^{-l} h^{-1} C^{-1}$. The metabolic rate at the roost Ta (15C) was 4.5 times the lowest RMR in the active state but becomes nearly zero in the torpid state. This implies that by being torpid during daytime (between dawn and dusk), the individual bats would save about 4.7 kcal each day in mid-summer. Interspecific comparisons of thermal metabolic response over a mass scale suggest that the smaller bats show a relatively higher metabolic rate in thermoneutral zone and a greater thermal sensitivity of metabolism, which follows the general principle seen in homeothermic metabolism. Thermolabile features in metabolic responses seem to be fairly common for these bats in conditions other than a fully active state. Types of thermolabile responses and their energetic significance are discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1986

This study was undertaken to explore the relationship between the personality characteristic (the self-esteem) and tao clothing behaviors according to the sex and the five environmental variables. This study was designed with the hypothetic model regarding the age and the five environmental variables as Independent Variable, the self-esteem as Intervening Variable, the eight clothing behaviors as Dependent Variable. For the testing hypothesis, the questionnaries were adminstered to 335 high school boys and 308 high school girls in Pusan. The data was analyzed statistically at the B.N.U. Computer Center using to the Path Analysis (by Multiple Regression Analysis Method). The results were as follows : 1. There was significant difference in the self-esteem according to the sex. Boys had higher scores than girls. 2. There was no significant relationship between the self-esteem and all the environmental variables of this study. 3. There were significant differences in the clothing behavior subscales according to the sex. Girls had higher scores than boys in every clothing behavior subscales. 4. There were partial relationship between the clothing behavior subscales and the environmental variables. 5. There was a highly significant relationship between the self-esteem and the clothing behavior subscales except Comfort and Modesty. A negative significant aubscale were Interest, Psychological Dependence, Social Approval and Special Attention. 6. There were positively significant relationship among the clothing behavior subscales except Modesty-Aesthetics, Modesty-Interest, Modesty-Psychological Dependence and Modesty-special Attention.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.189-197
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• 2008

Objectives : This study was performed in order to investigate the effectiveness of electromyography and the Heart Rate Variability(HRV) test as prognosis factors, and to clarify correlation between Electromyography and the Heart Rate Variability test. Methods : 44 Bell's palsy patients who were graded V on the House-Brackmann scale and underwent HRV and EMG testing were retrospectively reviewed based on medical records. Results from both tests were analyzed via simple linear regression, and bivariate correlation analysis was performed to investigate the correlation between results from the two tests. The severity of the facial palsy at onset and at 2 weeks after treatment were evaluated with the H-B grade and Yanagihara grading system, and was converted into improvement scores. Results : Mean axonal loss according to electromyography showed a statistically significant correlation in predicting peripheral facial palsy improvement(p<0.01). HR, SDNN, TP, LF, HF, VLF, and LF/HF ratio on the Heart Rate Variability test showed no significant correlation in predicting peripheral facial palsy improvement. Mean axonal loss determined by electromyography, and HR, SDNN, TP, LF, HF, VLF, and LF/HF ratio recorded with the Heart Rate Variability test was analyzed with the bivariate correlation analysis method. Mean axonal loss and SDNN showed a statistically significant correlation(p<0.01) Conclusions : The Heart Rate Variability test has no statistical significance in predicting peripheral facial palsy improvement. SDNN has a statistically significant correlation with mean axonal loss as determined by electromyography.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.115-127
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• 2012

This study was conducted on the measurement of soil hardness through a hardness testing machine in slopes of natural environments and artificial environments which is generally known as slope revegetation. The soil hardness as one of physicochemical soil properties is significantly associated with plant growth. Although another studies related to the slope revegetation was focused on herbaceous plants, studies related to soil properties for arbor appearance is lack. It was focused on the correlation analysis between the soil hardness and the plant appearance. the results were as follows : The higher the soil hardness is, the less the appearance of plants is as a result of survey. Species appearing in the high levels of the soil hardness represented mugwort and grass. The levels of the soil hardness in the slope of natural environments was good environmental conditions with various plants in the range of 6 to 12mm. The levels of the soil hardness in the slope revegetation was in the 6.88-30mm range. The soil hardness below 21mm showed a variety of plants with arbors and herbaceous plants, whereas it above 21mm represented a monotonous style of plant structure including Artemisia princeps, Lolium perenne, Poa pratensis L and Setaria viridis. The result of the correlation analysis between the soil hardness and the plant appearance was negatively correlated with justifiable significance levels. The result of a logistic regression analysis for tree appearance was statistically proved when the numerical value of the soil hardness is lower.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.103-110
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• 2011

This study deals with the traffic accidents by type. The objectives are to analyze the characteristics of 2 accident types, and to develop the models by type. In pursuing the above, this paper gives particular attentions to testing the differences between by type two groups, and developing the models (Poisson and negative binomial regressions) using the data of domestic circular intersections. The main results are as follows. First, the number of accidents in vehicle vehicle was analyzed to account for about 73.41% of total and to be higher than vehicle people. Second, two Poisson models and two negative binomial models which were all statistically significant were developed using vehicle people accidents and vehicle vehicle accidents as dependant variables. Finally, the traffic volume as common variable was selected in the models, and right-turn slip lane, speed hump, the number of driveways, the number of pedestrian crossings as specific variables of the models were selected.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.72-83
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of uncertainty and spousal support on infertility-related quality of life (QoL) in women undergoing assisted reproductive technologies. Methods: In this correlational survey study, 172 infertile women undergoing assisted reproductive technologies for infertility treatment at M hospital in Seoul participated. Data collection took place at the outpatient department of M hospital using a self-report questionnaire from July to August 2019. Data were analyzed using SPSS for Windows version 28.0. Results: The mean scores for uncertainty, spousal support, and infertility-related QoL were 28.35 (out of 50), 86.67 (out of 115), and 57.98 (out of 100), respectively. Infertility-related QoL was positively correlated with spousal support and negatively correlated with uncertainty. According to the regression analysis, infertility-related QoL was significantly affected by uncertainty, total number of assisted reproductive technology treatments, marriage duration, subjective health status, the financial burden of infertility testing, and the presence of a burdensome person. These variables had an explanatory power of 35.0% for infertility-related QoL. Conclusion: Uncertainty was an important factor influencing infertility-related QoL among women undergoing assisted reproductive technologies. It is necessary to develop and implement a nursing intervention program focused on reducing various forms of uncertainty during assisted reproductive procedures and to consider other factors affecting infertility-related QoL in the clinical setting.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2017.04a
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• pp.45-45
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• 2017

On-site monitoring of vegetable growth parameters, such as leaf length, leaf area, and fresh weight, in an agricultural field can provide useful information for farmers to establish farm management strategies suitable for optimum production of vegetables. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are currently gaining a growing interest for agricultural applications. This study reports on validation testing of previously developed vegetable growth estimation models based on UAV-based RGB images for white radish and Chinese cabbage. Specific objective was to investigate the potential of the UAV-based RGB camera system for effectively quantifying temporal and spatial variability in the growth status of white radish and Chinese cabbage in a field. RGB images were acquired based on an automated flight mission with a multi-rotor UAV equipped with a low-cost RGB camera while automatically tracking on a predefined path. The acquired images were initially geo-located based on the log data of flight information saved into the UAV, and then mosaicked using a commerical image processing software. Otsu threshold-based crop coverage and DSM-based crop height were used as two predictor variables of the previously developed multiple linear regression models to estimate growth parameters of vegetables. The predictive capabilities of the UAV sensing system for estimating the growth parameters of the two vegetables were evaluated quantitatively by comparing to ground truth data. There were highly linear relationships between the actual and estimated leaf lengths, widths, and fresh weights, showing coefficients of determination up to 0.7. However, there were differences in slope between the ground truth and estimated values lower than 0.5, thereby requiring the use of a site-specific normalization method.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.131-140
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• 2019

The study aims to examine the impact of productivity in addition to the policy of increasing the foreign investors' ownership rate on the performance of businesses which were listed on Vietnam's stock exchange market from 2010 to 2017. With the database of 3.961 observations, the study employs a statistical method - multiple regression to estimate the relationship between labor productivity, foreign ownership as well as other firm-level characteristics and firm performance. Research findings show that increasing labor productivity and increasing foreign ownership rates help increase firm performance. In addition, except for financial leverage, variables such as liquidity and firm size have positive effects on firm performance measured by Tobin's Q. These findings have theoretical contributions and practical implications for managers, investors and government in Vietnam. Managers should pay attention to improving labor productivity through employing incentive mechanisms, building a good working environment, investing in technology, etc. in order to enhance the firm performance. Investors could utilize the labor productivity and foreign ownership indicators to select stocks of good companies for investment. For Vietnamese government, relaxing the limit of foreign ownership and accelerating the divesting of State capital in State-owned enterprises could help increase the investment scale of foreign investors and resulting in positive effects on the firm performance.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.167-173
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• 2005

Purpose : To investigate the relationship between three-dimensional (3D) bone imaging parameters and trabecular strength in the mandible. Materials and Methods : Bone specimens were obtained from the mandibles of five male pigs weighing around 110 kg each. Of those, 43 samples were selected for 3D analysis and measured by micro-computed tomography. The five morphometric parameters were trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), bone specific surface (BS/BV), percent bone volume (BV/TV), structure model index (SMI) and degree of anisotropy (DA). Through destructive mechanical testing, strength parameters were obtained. Results : BV/TV, SMI, BS/BV, and Tb.Th showed significant correlations with strength parameters. DA did not show any correlation with the other parameters. In multiple linear regression analysis, BV/TV alone explained $43\%$ of the variance in Young's modulus. By stepwise inclusion of SMI, the variance in the Young's modulus was better explained up to $52\%$. Conclusions : Predicting trabecular strength in the mandible through architectural analysis would be possible. Further study is needed to establish the tendency and variety of trabecular architecture and strength according to the locations within the mandible.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.74-81
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• 2013

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of risk-adjusted mortality models for colorectal cancer surgery. Methods: We investigated patients (n=652) who had undergone colorectal cancer surgery (colectomy, colectomy of the rectum and sigmoid colon, total colectomy, total proctectomy) at five teaching hospitals during 2008. Mortality was defined as 30-day or in-hospital surgical mortality. Risk-adjusted mortality models were constructed using claims data (basic model) with the addition of TNM staging (TNM model), physiological data (physiological model), surgical data (surgical model), or all clinical data (composite model). Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to develop the risk-adjustment models. To compare the performance of the models, both c-statistics using Hanley-McNeil pair-wise testing and the ratio of the observed to the expected mortality within quartiles of mortality risk were evaluated to assess the abilities of discrimination and calibration. Results: The physiological model (c=0.92), surgical model (c=0.92), and composite model (c=0.93) displayed a similar improvement in discrimination, whereas the TNM model (c=0.87) displayed little improvement over the basic model (c=0.86). The discriminatory power of the models did not differ by the Hanley-McNeil test (p>0.05). Within each quartile of mortality, the composite and surgical models displayed an expected mortality ratio close to 1. Conclusions: The addition of clinical data to claims data efficiently enhances the performance of the risk-adjusted postoperative mortality models in colorectal cancer surgery. We recommended that the performance of models should be evaluated through both discrimination and calibration.