• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.12
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• pp.657-664
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• 2020

We investigate the impact of roads and highways within the provinces on the regional trade of China using the augmented Gravity Model and theory of modeling trade. We take a panel data covering 31 provinces of China over 20 years period (1998-2017) for the estimations. We apply ARMA-OLS model, fixed and random effects, and robust findings by Hausman test. The results imply that road and highway lengths within the provinces have a significantly positive impact on the value of the province-wise exports. The positive impact is due to the fact the increased coverage of roads and highways increase accessibility to resources and mobility of goods and services within the regions. Moreover, employment in the transportation sector, per capita GDP and population of the provinces also illustrate positive and significant influence on regional exports and trade. The impact of China's WTO accession on regional exports has been positive, while the financial crisis has had a negative impact. The year dummies show that, in the years following the financial crisis, China was able to regress from the external shock as trade within the provinces increased. The increase in exports after financial crisis is mainly due to the government policies and support to every province.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2000.11c
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• pp.560-568
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• 2000

The aims of this research were to investigate the preprocessing effect of spectrum data on prediction performance and to develop a robust model to predict SSC in intact apple. Spectrum data of 320 Fuji apples were measured with the on-line transmittance measurement system at the wavelength range of 550∼1100nm. Preprocess methods adopted for the tests were Savitzky Golay, MSC, SNV, first derivative and OSC. Several combinations of those methods were applied to the raw spectrum data set to investigate the relative effect of each method on the performance of the calibration model. PLS method was used to regress the preprocessed data set and the SSCs of samples, and the cross-validation was to select the optimal number of PLS factors. Smoothing and scattering corection were essential in increasing the prediction performance of PLS regression model and the OSC contributed to reduction of the number of PLS factors. The first derivative resulted in unfavorable effect on the prediction performance. MSC and SNV showed similar effect. A robust calibration model could be developed by the preprocessing combination of Savitzky Golay smoothing, MSC and OSC, which resulted in SEP= 0.507, bias=0.032 and R$^2$=0.8823.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.583-587
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• 2018

Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) is a very rare, locally aggressive vascular neoplasm. It occurs mostly in children and is rarely observed in adults. It typically originates on the skin, later affecting the deep soft tissue of the extremities, head or neck, and retroperitoneum by infiltrative growth. It is locally aggressive, does not regress spontaneously, and tends to metastasize locally as well as to the regional lymph nodes. In this article, we report a case of adult-onset KHE with neurofibromatosis type 1. The patient presented to our department with a 2-month history of a painful ulceration in her left popliteal area. Since KHE had not previously been reported in patients with neurofibromatosis, the diagnosis was difficult due to the similarity of the skin manifestation to neurofibromatosis-associated lesions. We share our experience of diagnosing and treating this rare case of adult-onset KHE.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.46 no.9
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• pp.913-917
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• 2003

Cardiac rhabdomyomas are relatively uncommon and associated with tuberous sclerosis in 40-50% cases. We report a 10-month-old infant with tuberous sclerosis who presented with ventricular arrythmias and status epilepticus. There were hypopigmented macules on the body, periventricular calcifications, renal cyst and cardiac rabdomyomas just below the aortic valve. The patient required resection of left ventricular subaortic masses due to sustained arrythmia in spite of intravenous amiodarone therapy. The pathologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of rhabdomyoma. The patient had no more arrythmia during the 14 month follow up period. Although cardiac rhabdomyomas may spontaneously regress, surgery is often necessary and frequently resolves the underlying arrythmia.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.822-825
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• 2000

Lymphocytic infundibuloneurohypophysitis is a rare inflammatory disorder, which may be caused by autoimmune response, affecting the infundibulum and the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland. The authors present a 15-year-old man with central diabetes insipidus, whose sellar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a focal thickening of the infundibulum and loss of high signal of the normal neurohypophysis on T1-weighted images. The histopathological diagnosis was lymphocytic infundibuloneurohypophysitis. When a patient presents with central diabetes insipidus and infundibular thickening on brain MRI, this entity should be included in the differential diagnosis though it is very rare. The significance of this entity in treatment is that it is basically not a surgical one, and surgery is needed only for tissue diagnosis. Symptomatic treatment and observation make it regress spontaneously.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.25-42
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• 2007

Purpose : Uterine leiomyoma (fibroids) are benign smooth muscle tumors originating from the myometrium. These benign neoplasms of monoclonal origin are typically diagnosed during the reproductive years, occurring only after puberty and tending to regress after menopause. In the present study we used Chiljehyangbu-hwan to determine its growth inhibitory effect and apoptosis in human uterine leiomyoma cells. Methods : Primary cultured human uterine leiomyoma cells were treated with Chiljehyangbu-hwan. Cell viability analysis was analyzed by MTS assay and FACS was performed to ascertain the effects Chiljehyangbu-hwan. DNA fragmentation analysis and casapase-3 activity test were done. Expression of apoptosis related proteins were evaluated by Western blot analysis. Results : Cell viability was significantly influenced by Chiljehyangbu-hwan treatment in a dose-dependent manner in leiomyoma cells compare to normal myometrial cells. FACS showed that Chiljehyangbu-hwan induced Sub G1 arrest. DNA fragmentation assay was carried out and apoptosis was detected. Activation of caspase-3, down-regulation of Bcl-2, with concomitant increased expression in Bid and Bax were observed. Chiljehyangbu-hwan treatment of uterine leiomyoma cells resulted in a concentration-dependent cell death induced via the mitochondrial pathway.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.123-149
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• 2003

The paper examines the effects of tax incentives on corporate R&D expenditures. We regress tax incentives and financial variables on the increase or the level of corporate R&D expenditures. Tax incentive variables are the magnitude of R&D tax credit and the level of reserve for R&D, while financial variables are the amount or increase of R&D expenditures in prior years, profitability, cash flows and Tobin Q. Sample firms are selected among the listed companies which reported R&D expenditures in the financial statements from 1995 to 2000. The results indicate that increase and level of R&D expenditures is positively influenced by the magnitude of R&D tax credit and the level of reserve for R&D. The amount of R&D expenditures has positive relationship with prior one-year R&D expenditures, while the increase of R&D expenditures has negative relationship with prior year increase and recent three year's average of R&D expenditures. The evidence is consistent to the hypothesis and results of other studies, which suggest that tax incentives for R&D encourage the corporate R&D expenditures.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.357-362
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• 2012

Cherubism is a rare familial disease of childhood, characterized by proliferative lesion, which is within the maxilla and mandible. In a typical case, painless symmetric expansile lesions develop in the jaws. It shows substitution of the bone by proliferating fibrous tissue exhibiting mature fibroblasts and a number of multinucleated giant cells within an intercellular matrix. Usually, the disease manifests in early childhood, and becomes more marked until puberty, at which time the bony lesions begin to regress. As such, conservative approaches to management are advisable. However, excision of tissue through enucleation or curettage appears to be necessary in more aggressive cases, to reduce the maxillofacial deformity after puberty and to ensure a successful outcome without the risk of progression, requiring additional resection. This report describes 2 cases of manifestation of cherubism of oral and maxillofacial region. We present diagnosis, radiological - histopathologic features, and treatment of cherubism.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.127-130
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• 2018

Mastocytosis is a rare disease which occurs in both children and adults, and it can manifest as a solitary or multiple skin lesions. Both can cause cutaneous or systemic symptoms. Because of the heterogeneity of clinical presentation of mastocytosis and its rare prevalence, it can be hard to suspect the mastocytosis at the first time. Most solitary mastocytomas are about 1-5 cm in diameter and have features of brownish-yellow, minimally elevated plaques with a smooth shiny surface. This article presents a case of solitary mastocytoma which occurred in neonate and that we treated through surgical excision. In histopathological examination, it consisted of c-kit-positive mast cells. Although pediatric cutaneous mastocytosis might regress spontaneously, clinicians should keep in mind that it could be associated with systemic mastocytosis which involves hematopoietic system.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.321-323
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• 1995

Observations were recorded regarding various fertility parameters on 26 Jersey donor cows following superovulation under tropical conditions. These cows, in their mid-luteal phase were treated with 2,500-3,000 i.u. PMSG or 28-40 mg FSH followed by $500{\mu}g$ $PGF_{2{\alpha}}$ injection 48-60 hours later, to induce oestrus. The cows were bred artificially twelve hours following standing oestrus. Embryo collection was carried out 7 days after oestrus. $PGF_{2{\alpha}}$ was injected to each donor cow after embryo recovery to regress the corpora lutea. Fertility data($PGF_{2{\alpha}}$-Oestrus interval, services per conception, days between embryo collection and successful service and any pathololgical condition) were recorded. $PGF_{2{\alpha}}$-Oestrus interval and correlation (r) between number of corpora lutea and $PGF_{2{\alpha}}$-Oestrus interval were $30.9{\pm}6.3$ and 0.17, respectively. Of 26 treated donors, 19 conceived within a period of $91.7{\pm}18.8$ days after embryo recovery. Average services per conception were $2.3{\pm}0.3$. Only two cows developed metritis which conceived after treatment with antibiotics. These observations indicated no profound adverse effect of superovulation on subsequent reproduction of donor cows, except some effect on services per conception, under tropical conditions.