• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2019년도 학술발표회
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• pp.145-145
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• 2019

Groundwater and rainwater are the only sources of freshwater in small islands as many islands lack surface water sources. Groundwater occurring in the form of freshwater lens floating on denser seawater is highly dependent on natural recharge from rainfall. A sharp interface numerical model for regional and well scale modeling is selected to assess the sustainability of freshwater lens in the island of Tongatapu. In this study, 29 downscaled General Circulation Model(GCM) predictions are input to the recharge model based on water balance modelling. Three GCM predictions which represent wet, dry and medium conditions are selected for use in the groundwater flow model. Total freshwater volume and number of saltwater intruded wells are simulated under various climate scenarios with GCM predicted rainfall pattern, sea level rise and pumping. Simulations indicate that the sustainability of the freshwater lens is threatened by the frequent droughts which are predicted under all scenarios of recharge. The natural depletion of the lens during droughts and increase in water demands, leads to saltwater upconing under the pumping wells. Implementation of drought management measures is of utmost importance to ensure sustainability of freshwater lens in future.

• 통합자연과학논문집
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.39-44
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• 2014

The results of the synoptic meteorological analysis showed that when the cold and dry continental high pressure was extended, heavy snow occurred at dawn when the upper atmosphere cooled. In particular, when the continental high pressure was extended and the upper pressure trough passed through, heavy snow occurred due to the convergence region formed in the west coast area, sometimes in the inland of the Honam area. In addition, it was verified that the changes in the humidity coefficients in the upper and lower layers are important data for the determination of the probability, start/end and intensity of heavy snow. However, when the area was influenced by the middle-latitude low pressure, the heavy snow was influenced by the wind in the lower layer (925 hPa and 850 hPa), the equivalent potential temperature, the convergence field, the moisture convergence and the topography. In Case 2010 (30 December 2010), OSTIA had the best numerical simulation with diverse atmospheric conditions, and the maximum difference in the numerically simulated snowfall between NCEP/NCAR SST and OSTIA was 20 cm. Although there was a regional difference in the snowfall according to the difference in the SST, OSTIA and RTG SST numerical tests, it was not as significant as in the previous results. A higher SST led to the numerical simulation of larger snowfall, and the difference was greatest near Buan in the west coast area.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.23-37
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• 2019

To evaluate the available groundwater supply to the agricultural water demand in the future with the climate change scenarios for 40 sub-regions in Jeju Island, groundwater recharge and the available groundwater supply were estimated using water balance analysis method. Groundwater recharge was calculated by subtracting the actual evapotranspiration and direct runoff from the total amount of water resources and available groundwater supply was set at 43.6% from the ratio of the sustainable groundwater capacity to the groundwater recharge. According to the RCP 4.5 scenario, the available groundwater supply to the agricultural water demand is estimated to be insufficient in 2020 and 2025, especially in the western and eastern regions of the island. However, such a water shortage problem is alleviated in 2030. When applying the RCP 8.5 scenario, available groundwater supply can't meet the water demand over the entire decade.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2018년도 학술발표회
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• pp.314-314
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• 2018

기후변화의 영향으로 인하여 우리나라를 포함한 세계 곳곳의 기후는 빠르게 변화하고 있으며, 변화는 더욱 뚜렷하고 빈번하게 나타나 막대한 재산 피해로 이어지고 있다. 이에 따라, 기후변화에 적응하기 위하여 선진국을 중심으로 많은 투자와 연구가 진행되고 있다. 기후변화 시나리오를 기반으로 생산된 강우량 자료를 이용하여 수문 현상을 분석하는 것은 미래에 기후변화로 인하여 나타날 수 있는 위험을 최소화시키고 대응방안을 모색하는데 매우 중요한 절차라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 CORDEX-EA(Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment in East Asia) 자료를 이용하여 우리나라 기상청 강우 관측 지점을 대상으로 미래 극한 강우량 산정하고, 각 모델별 변화량을 계산하여 비교 분석하였다. RCP (Representative Concentration Pathways) 시나리오 중 온실가스 저감 정책이 실현되지 않는 RCP 8.5 시나리오와 상당히 실현되는 RCP 4.5 시나리오 이용하여 연구를 수행하였다. 시나리오 기반의 미래 극한 강우량의 변화를 비교 분석한 결과는 기후변화로 발생할 수 있는 위험에 능동적으로 대응하고, 적응하기 위한 정책 방향을 정하는데 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.255-263
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• 2023

Western coastal area of Chungnam, including Cheonsu Bay and Garorim Bay, has suffered from hot and cold extremes. In this study, the extreme sea surface temperature on the western coast of Chungnam was analyzed using the quantile regression method, which extracts the linear regression values in all quantiles. The regional MOHID (MOdelo HIDrodinâmico) model, with a high resolution on a 1/60° grid, was constructed to reproduce the extreme sea surface temperature. For future prediction, the SSP5-8.5 scenario data of the CMIP6 model were used to simulate sea surface temperature variability. Results showed that the extreme sea surface temperature of Cheonsu Bay in August 2017 was successfully simulated, and this extreme sea surface temperature had a significant negative correlation with the Pacific decadal variability index. As a result of future climate prediction, it was found that an average of 2.9℃ increased during the simulation period of 86 years in the Chungnam west coast and there was a seasonal difference (3.2℃ in summer, 2.4℃ in winter). These seasonal differences indicate an increase in the annual temperature range, suggesting that extreme events may occur more frequently in the future.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.21-34
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• 2024

Two arenicolus halacarid species, Actacarus ornatus n. sp. and A. pacificus Bartsch, 1979, are recorded from sandy intertidal sediment along the coast of South Korea. Actacarus ornatus n. sp. closely resembles A. karoensis Abé, 1990, recorded from Japan, in having chaetotaxy of the idiosoma, legs, palps of gnathosoma, and perigenital setae in both males and females. However, it differs from A. karoensis by a slightly convex tectum, the presence of a row of foveae on the mid-ventral surfaces of the anterior epimeral plate and genitoanal plate, and the absence of areolae on both the anterior and posterior dorsal plates as well as microplatelets on the membranous cuticle alongside the anterior and posterior dorsal plates. Actacarus pacificus Bartsch, 1979, which is widely distributed in the Indo-Pacific region, is characterized by separated plates, a truncated tectum, the anterior epimeral plate with four pairs of setae, the posterior epimeral plate with one dorsal and two ventral setae, and three pairs of subgenital setae in males. A comparative analysis of the morphological characteristics of A. pacificus was conducted within regional populations, including the Korean population. Moreover, a key to Actacarus species from the northwestern Pacific, including a new species, is provided. The genus Actacarus is reported for the first time from Korea.

• 대기
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.257-271
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• 2024

In 2023, the World Meteorological Organization released a report on climate conditions in Asia, highlighting the region's high vulnerability to floods and the increasing severity and frequency of extreme precipitation events. While previous studies have largely concentrated on broader-scale phenomena such as the Asian monsoon, it is crucial to investigate the substantial characteristics of extreme precipitation for a better understanding. In this study, we analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics of extreme precipitation during summer and their affecting factors by decomposing the moisture budgets within specific Asian regions over 44 years (1979~2022). Our findings indicate that dynamic convergence terms (DY CON), which reflect changes in wind patterns, primarily drive extreme rainfall across much of Asia. In southern Asian sub-regions, particularly coastal areas, extreme precipitation is primarily driven by low-pressure systems, with DY CON accounting for 70% of the variance. However, in eastern Asia, both thermodynamic advection and nonlinear convergence terms significantly contribute to extreme precipitation. Notably, on the Korean Peninsula, thermodynamic advection plays an important role, driven by substantial moisture carried by strong southerly mean flow. Understanding these distinct characteristics of extreme rainfall across sub-regions is expected to enhance both predictability and resilience.

• 대기
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.693-706
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• 2015

A shift of first fowering date (FFD) of spring blossoms (cherry, peach and pear) over the northest Asia under global warming is investiaged using dynamically downscaled daily temperature data with 12.5 km resolution. For the study, we obatained gridded daily data with Historical (1981~2010), and Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) (2021~2100) 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios which were produced by WRFv3.4 in conjunction with HadGEM2-AO. A change on FFDs in 21st century is estimated by applying daily outputs of WRFv3.4 to DTS phonological model. Prior to projection on future climate, the performances of both WRFv3.4 and DTS models are evaluated using spatial distribution of climatology and SCR diagram (Normalized standard deviation-Pattern correlation coefficient-Root mean square difference). According to the result, WRFv3.4 and DTS models well simulated a feature of the terrain following characteristics and a general pattern of observation with a marigin of $1.4^{\circ}C$ and 5~6 days. The analysis reveals a projected advance in FFDs of cherry, peach and pear over the northeast Asia by 2100 of 15.4 days (9.4 days). 16.9 days (10.4 days) and 15.2 days (9.5 days), respectively, compared to the Historical simulation due to a increasing early spring (Februrary to April) temperature of about $4.9^{\circ}C$ ($2.9^{\circ}C$) under the RCP 8.5 (RCP 4.5) scenarios. This indicates that the current flowering of the cherry, peach and pear over analysis area in middle or end of April is expected to start blooming in early or middle of April, at the end of this century. The present study shows the dynamically downscaled daily data with high-resolution is helpeful in offering various useful information to end-users as well as in understanding regional climate change.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.309-319
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• 2015

국내 하천특성은 기후변화에 의한 계절별 기후변동성과 급속한 경제성장으로 인한 급격한 토지피복의 변화에 의하여 영향을 받아왔다. 이와 관련하여, 하천관리는 수자원이용 등 인간의 활동 뿐 아니라 생태계측면에서도 그 중요성이 커지고 있다. 하천관리의 첫 번째 단계인 직접유출과 기저유출을 포함한 하천특성을 이해하는 것은 지속적인 하천환경을 조성하기 위하여 지대한 기여를 할 수 있다. 그러므로 본 연구의 목적은 효율적인 하천관리를 위해 직접유출과 기저유출을 정량화하여 하천에 미치는 기여도를 산정하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 한강수계에 위치한 71개의 유량관측소에 대하여 BFLOW와 WHAT 프로그램을 이용하여 기저유출 분리를 수행하였다. 그 결과 한강수계의 기저유출비는 0.42에서 0.78의 범위를 가지며, 기저유출비가 50%를 넘는 관측소는 전체 관측소의 76%를 차지하였다. 그러나 산출된 기저유출비는 댐, 저수지, 호수로부터의 방류량과 같은 인위적 영향 때문에 과다산정 되었을 가능성이 있다. 본 연구는 추후 국가적 차원에서 하천관리의 효율성과 안전성을 개선하기 위하여 전략적으로 하천 기능을 조절하는데 기여를 할 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.463-477
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• 2015

최근 빈번하게 발생하는 이상기후 현상은 수자원관리에 많은 어려움을 주고 있으며 예상치 못한 기상관련 재난피해를 야기하고 있다. 특히, 기후변화에 의해 점차 태풍의 세력이 강력해짐에 따라 태풍은 위험기상으로 인지된다. 본 연구의 주요목적은 태풍으로 인하여 발생하는 강우특성 및 종관기후학적 분석을 수행하는 것으로 일본 지역특별기상센터(Regional Specialized Meteorological Center Tokyo Typhoon Center, RSMC)에서 제공하는 1973년부터 2012년의 6시간 간격 최적경로(best track) 자료를 사용하여 우리나라에 상륙한 태풍사상만을 대상으로 태풍의 상륙 지속시간(내습시간)을 총 4개의 시간구간으로 구분하여 각 내습유형에 따른 강우특성 및 종관기후학적 분석을 수행하였다. 본 연구를 통한 결과는 태풍의 진로 및 이동속도를 예측 가능한 현 시점에서, 우리나라 태풍내습시 내습유형에 따른 홍수방어 및 사전대피와 같은 재해관리 측면에서 매우 유용한 정보를 제공할 것으로 사료된다. 향후 연구로서 본 연구를 통해서 확인된 기상학적 패턴을 활용하여 단기 태풍강수량 모의기법 개발이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.