• Title/Summary/Keyword: Region extension

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Calculation of Dry Matter Yield Damage of Whole Crop Maize in Accordance with Abnormal Climate Using Machine Learning Model (기계학습 모델을 이용한 이상기상에 따른 사일리지용 옥수수 생산량 피해량)

  • Jo, Hyun Wook;Kim, Min Kyu;Kim, Ji Yung;Jo, Mu Hwan;Kim, Moonju;Lee, Su An;Kim, Kyeong Dae;Kim, Byong Wan;Sung, Kyung Il
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.41 no.4
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    • pp.287-294
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    • 2021
  • The objective of this study was conducted to calculate the damage of whole crop maize in accordance with abnormal climate using the forage yield prediction model through machine learning. The forage yield prediction model was developed through 8 machine learning by processing after collecting whole crop maize and climate data, and the experimental area was selected as Gyeonggi-do. The forage yield prediction model was developed using the DeepCrossing (R2=0.5442, RMSE=0.1769) technique of the highest accuracy among machine learning techniques. The damage was calculated as the difference between the predicted dry matter yield of normal and abnormal climate. In normal climate, the predicted dry matter yield varies depending on the region, it was found in the range of 15,003~17,517 kg/ha. In abnormal temperature, precipitation, and wind speed, the predicted dry matter yield differed according to region and abnormal climate level, and ranged from 14,947 to 17,571, 14,986 to 17,525, and 14,920 to 17,557 kg/ha, respectively. In abnormal temperature, precipitation, and wind speed, the damage was in the range of -68 to 89 kg/ha, -17 to 17 kg/ha, and -112 to 121 kg/ha, respectively, which could not be judged as damage. In order to accurately calculate the damage of whole crop maize need to increase the number of abnormal climate data used in the forage yield prediction model.

Phytoplankton Diversity and Community Structure Driven by the Dynamics of the Changjiang Diluted Water Plume Extension around the Ieodo Ocean Research Station in the Summer of 2020 (2020년 하계 장강 저염수가 이어도 해양과학기지 주변 해역의 식물플랑크톤 다양성 및 개체수 변화에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Jihoon;Choi, Dong Han;Lee, Ha Eun;Jeong, Jin-Yong;Jeong, Jongmin;Noh, Jae Hoon
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.27 no.7
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    • pp.924-942
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    • 2021
  • The expansion of the Changjiang Diluted Water (CDW) plume during summer is known to be a major factor influencing phytoplankton diversity, community structure, and the regional marine environment of the northern East China Sea (ECS). The discharge of the CDW plume was very high in the summer of 2020, and cruise surveys and stationary monitoring were conducted to understand the dynamics of changes in environmental characteristics and the impact on phytoplankton diversity and community structure. A cruise survey was conducted from August 16 to 17, 2020, using R/V Eardo, and a stay survey at the Ieodo Ocean Research Station (IORS) from August 15 to 21, 2020, to analyze phytoplankton diversity and community structure. The southwestern part of the survey area exhibited low salinity and high chlorophyll a fluorescence under the influence of the CDW plume, whereas the southeastern part of the survey area presented high salinity and low chlorophyll a fluorescence under the influence of the Tsushima Warm Current (TWC). The total chlorophyll a concentrations of surface water samples from 12 sampling stations indicated that nano-phytoplankton (20-3 ㎛) and micro-phytoplankton (> 20 ㎛) were the dominant groups during the survey period. Only stations strongly influenced by the TWC presented approximately 50% of the biomass contributed by pico-phytoplankton (< 3 ㎛). The size distribution of phytoplankton in the surface water samples is related to nutrient supplies, and areas where high nutrient (nitrate) supplies were provided by the CDW plume displayed higher biomass contribution by micro-phytoplankton groups. A total of 45 genera of nano- and micro-phytoplankton groups were classified using morphological analysis. Among them, the dominant taxa were the diatoms Guinardia flaccida and Nitzschia spp. and the dinoflagellates Gonyaulax monacantha, Noctiluca scintillans, Gymnodinium spirale, Heterocapsa spp., Prorocentrum micans, and Tripos furca. The sampling stations affected by the TWC and low in nitrate concentrations presented high concentrations of photosynthetic pico-eukaryotes (PPE) and photosynthetic pico-prokaryotes (PPP). Most sampling stations had phosphate-limited conditions. Higher Synechococcus concentrations were enumerated for the sampling stations influenced by low-nutrient water of the TWC using flow cytometry. The NGS analysis revealed 29 clades of Synechococcus among PPP, and 11 clades displayed a dominance rate of 1% or more at least once in one sample. Clade II was the dominant group in the surface water, whereas various clades (Clades I, IV, etc.) were found to be the next dominant groups in the SCM layers. The Prochlorococcus group, belonging to the PPP, observed in the warm water region, presented a high-light-adapted ecotype and did not appear in the northern part of the survey region. PPE analysis resulted in 163 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), indicating very high diversity. Among them, 11 major taxa showed dominant OTUs with more than 5% in at least one sample, while Amphidinium testudo was the dominant taxon in the surface water in the low-salinity region affected by the CDW plume, and the chlorophyta was dominant in the SCM layer. In the warm water region affected by the TWC, various groups of haptophytes were dominant. Observations from the IORS also presented similar results to the cruise survey results for biomass, size distribution, and diversity of phytoplankton. The results revealed the various dynamic responses of phytoplankton influenced by the CDW plume. By comparing the results from the IORS and research cruise studies, the study confirmed that the IORS is an important observational station to monitor the dynamic impact of the CDW plume. In future research, it is necessary to establish an effective use of IORS in preparation for changes in the ECS summer environment and ecosystem due to climate change.

Varietal and Locational Variation of Grain Quality Components of Rice Produced in Hilly and High Altitude Areas in Korea (중산간지와 고냉지산 쌀 형태 및 이화학적특성의 품종 및 산지간 변이)

  • Choi, Hae-Chune;Chi, Jeong-Hyun;Lee, Chong-Seob;Kim, Young-Bae;Cho, Soo-Yeon
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.39 no.1
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    • pp.27-37
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    • 1994
  • To catch the relative importance of varietal and environmental variation in various grain quality components associated with palatability of cooked rice, grain appearance, milling recovery, several physicochemical properties of milled rice and texture or eating quality of cooked rice for rice materials of five japonica cultivars, produced at four locations of the mid-mountainous and alpine area of Korea in 1989, were evaluated and analyzed the obtained data. Highly significant varietal and locational variations were detected in 1000-grain weight, amylose content, K/Mg ratio, gelatinization temperature, peak viscosity, breakdown and setback viscosities as compared with variety x location interaction variation. Also, marked locational variations were recongnized in milling recovery from rough to brwon rice, alkali digestibility and protein content, and significant varietal variation was caught in stickiness /hardness ratio of cooked rice. The variety x location interaction variation was especially large in quality components of grain appearance and ripening, palatability of cooked rice and consistency viscosity. One thousand kernel weight was heaviest in Jinbuolbyeo and Odaebyeo, and the unfilled grain ratio was lowest in Jinbuolbyeo. Odaebyeo showed slightly' lower ratio of intact and clear milled rice because of more chalky rice kernels compared with other cultivars. Amylose content of Jinbuolbyeo and Sobaegbyeo was about 1% lower than that of others and K/Mg ratio of Odaebyeo was the lowest one among rice materials. Odaebyeo, Sobaegbyeo and Jinbuolbyeo revealed significantly low gelatinization temperature and setback viscosity while high peak and breakdown viscosities. Cholwon rice showed the greatest kernel weight, good grain filling but lowest ratio of intact and clear milled rice while Jinbu rices exhibited the highest milling recovery from rough to brown rice and ratio of sound milled rice. Amylose content of milled rice in Jinbu rices was about 2-3% lower than those in other locations. Protein content of polished rice was about 1% lower in rice materials of middle zone than those of southern part of Korea. K/Mg ratio of milled rice was highest in Jinbu rice and potassium content was slightly higher in the rice materials of middle region than in those of southern region. Alkali digestion value and gelatinization temperature of polished rice was markedly high in Jinbu rices as compared with other locations. Breakdown viscosity was hightest in Chlown rices and next higher with the order of Hwaso>Unbong>Jinbu rices, and setback viscosity was the quite contrary tendency with breakdown. The stickiness /hardness ratio of cooked rice was relatively higher value in Cholwon rices than in the others and the palatability of cooked rice was a little better in Unbong and Cholwon rices than in Jinbu and Hwaso rices, although variety x location interaction variation was large. The rice materials can be classified largely into two groups of Jinbu and the others by the distribution on the plane of 1st and 2nd principal components (about 60% of total informations) contracted from twelve grain quality properties closely associated with eating quality of cooked rice. Also, Jinbu and the other rices were divided into two and three rice groups respectively. Varietal variation of overall rice quality was smallest in Hwaso. The most superior rice group in overall quality evaluation included Odaebyeo produced at Cholwon, Unbong and Hwaso, and Sobaegbyeo grown at Unbong

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Current Regional Cultural Situation and Evaluation of Grain Characteristics of Korean Wheat. I. Survey of Production Practices in Korean Wheat Cultivar Growers by Region (지역별 국산밀 재배 현황 및 원맥 특성 평가. I. 국산밀 재배 농가의 지역별 재배 현황 조사)

  • Kang, Chon-Sik;Kim, Kyung-Hoon;Seo, Yong-Won;Woo, Sun-Hee;Heo, Moo-Ryong;Choo, Byung-Kil;Hyun, Jong-Nae;Kim, Kee-Jong;Park, Chul Soo
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.59 no.1
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    • pp.1-15
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    • 2014
  • The cultivation situation of Korean wheat of 175 farmers in nationwide for two years, 2010/2011 and 2011/2012, was analyzed to obtain basic data for extension cultivated area and enhancing the self-sufficiency ratio of Korean wheat. Compared to the mean temperature and precipitation in the normal year, the mean temperature was lower before the heading stage and higher amount of precipitation after the heading stage in 2010/2011 and higher the mean temperature and lower amount of precipitation after the heading stage in 2011/2012. Average cultivation career and area were 7.7years and 2.4~3.3ha, Keumkang cv. was mainly cultivated for two years and Jokyung and Baekjoong cvs. were increased cultivation areas in southern part of Korea, Gyeongsangnam-do, Jeolllanambuk-do and Kwangju metropolitan city, including in 2011/2012. Most farmers (144) sown wheat seeds from late October to the beginning November with broadcasting method and the other famers were sown using the drill method. Average amount for basal fertilizer was 29.7 kg/10a with complex fertilizer mixed for wheat and barley cultivation, which was higher amount compared to recommended rate of fertilizer amount by rural development administration. Top dressing using nitrogen fertilizer was applied from in the late February to the beginning March. Heading date was the beginning May in 2011 and the late April in 2012, which the mean temperature from regeneration stage to tillering stage in 2011 was higher than that of 2012. Most farmers harvested wheat in mid-June and Pre-harvest sprouting and Fusarium head blight were occurred in 2011 due to the high amount precipitation during grain filling period.

THE MORPHOLOGICAL OBSERVATION OF HUMAN PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT CELLS ATTACHMENT AND SPREADING ON THE SURFACE OF SLIDE GLASS (치주인대세포의 부착과 전개에 관한 형태학적 관찰)

  • Lee, Jin-Mi;Suh, Jo-Young;Park, Joon-Bong
    • Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.97-108
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    • 1993
  • One of the important initial events required for periodontal regeneration is the attachment and subsequent spreading of periodontal ligament cells on the root surface. The purposes of this study is to investigate the attachment and spreading pattern of human periodontal ligament cell on the surface of glass slides. After establishment of a cell line of the primary cell culture from the periodontal ligament of 1st premolar teeth which were extracted for the purpose of orthodontic treatment, author dispersed the cells at $5{\times}10^3\;cells/ml$ into the each 35mm culture petri-dish containing 2 glass slides. To observe the morphological changes of the cells which attached to the surfaces of glasses at every designed time schedule, author used the inverted phase contrast microscope and scanning electron microscope. During the whole experiment culture condition was at $37^{\circ}C$, 100% Humidity, 5% $CO_2$ gas incubator. The following results were obtained. Periodontal ligament cells showed spherical outline and started to attach to glass surface by basal sytoplasmic extension after 10min in culture. After 30min in culture, periodontal ligament cells were attached to glass surface by well - developed filopodia which protruded from the lamellipodia. The cell surface is covered with bubble-like structures and occasional microvillus can be seen with diffculty among these structures. After 1.5hr in culture, peridontal ligament cells shhowed radially well-spread cytoplasm and the nucleus was centered on its cytoplasm. Unspread central region of the cell was covered with numerous microvilli. The change of cell attachment and spreading pattern was manifest at 6hr in culture. At this time, periodontal ligament cell showed elongated outline and an oval-shaped nucleus. After 12hr in culture, periodontal ligament cells showed more stretched fibroblast-like appearance with polarity. Two long lamellipodia can be seen around the both terminal ends of cells. After 24hr in culture, periodontal ligament cells showed spindle shapes and an oval-shaped nucleus was slanted toward one side of the cell.

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Clinical Analysis and Surgical Results of Skull Base Meningiomas (뇌기저부 수막종의 임상분석 및 수술성적)

  • Kim, Young Wook;Jung, Shin;Kim, Jae Sung;Lee, Jung Kil;Kim, Tae Sun;Kim, Jae Hyoo;Kim, Soo Han;Kang, Sam Suk;Lee, Je Hyuk
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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    • v.29 no.11
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    • pp.1437-1444
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    • 2000
  • Objectives : Traditionally intracranial meningiomas are regarded as benign and curable tumors. About half of all intracranial meningiomas locate in the skull base region. However, surgical removal of these tumors may be challenging and require special considerations. Here general aspects of skull base meningiomas including clinical presentation, surgical approaches, complications and their recurrence rate are discussed based on our experiences. Methods : A retrospective analysis of 61 consecutive patients with skull base meningioma among 210 patients of meningioma between 1989 and 1998 were done. Results : There were 41 women and 20 men ranging from 13 to 74 years(mean 52 years). These tumors were divided into seven categories according to location : olfactory groove(n=9), sphenoid ridge(n=16), cavernous sinus(n =2), tuberculum sellae(n=8), tentorium(n=13), cerebellopontine angle(n=12), and foramen magnum meningiomas (n=1). Surgical approaches were selected on the basis of the tumor attachment, size and extension on preoperative radiologic findings. Total removal(Simpson grade I and II) was achieved in 50 cases(82%), and subtotal removal (Simpson grade III) in 11 patients(18%). According to WHO classification, there were 52 of cases of benign meningioma( 86%), 6 atypical cases(10%), and 3 malignant cases(5%). The most common postoperative complications were CSF leakage(23.0%) and cranial nerve injury(8.2%). Three patient died related with tumor(one was due to surgical complication and the other two due to recurrence) but three patients died from other systemic causes. Mean follow-up period was 51.7 months after surgery. Recurrence occurred in six patients(10.9%) ; three with tentorial meningioma, two with sphenoid ridge, and one in cerebellopontine angle. Conclusion : With advances in neuroradiology and microsurgical techniques, the surgical outcome of miningiomas has been markedly improved with acceptable morbidity and mortality rates. Overall, our surgical results of skull base meningiomas is comparable to other reports. Therefore, with the appropriate operative strategy and techniques, these tumors can be completely removed and good surgical results can be expected.

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Clinicopathological Characteristics of Superficially Spreading Early Gastric Cancer (표층 확장형 조기위암의 임상병리학적 특성)

  • Kwon, Sung-Joon;Kim, Hyoung-Ju
    • Journal of Gastric Cancer
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    • v.5 no.4 s.20
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    • pp.288-294
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    • 2005
  • Purpose: Superficially spreading (SS) early gastric cancer (EGC) is characterized by wide horizontal extension without deep vertical invasion. It is a relatively rare form of EGC, and it's clinicopathological (C-P) characteristics are not evident. This study aimed to clarify their C-P characteristics. Materials and Methods: We defined SS EGC as invading less than the submucosal layer that measured more than 60 mm in diameter or wider than $5{\times}5cm \;(25cm^2)$ in width. The C-P characteristics and prognosis were compared between 69 patients with SS EGC and 319 patients with the common type EGC (EGC except SS type). Results: For SS EGC lymph node metastases, Lauren's diffuse type, lymphatic invasion were significantly higher than in common type EGC. In patients with SS EGC, all of the metastatic lymph nodes were anatomically distributed within the paragastric region, with fewer along the left gastric artery and common hepatic artery. In 6 cases of SS EGC with resection marqins less than 10 mm, there was no death during the follow-up period (4 to 13 years after operation) if margins were not involved. Age (>58 yrs), tumor site (upper 1/3), lymph node metastasis, submucosal invasion were statistically significant poor prognostic factor in univariate survival analysis. In multivariate survival analysis, age and lymph node metastasis were independent prognostic factors. However, tumor diameter or width was not a significant prognostic factor. Conclusion: Although SS EGC has histologically distinct properties, gastrectomy with free surgical margins and appropriate lymph node dissection $(D1+{\beta})$ could be a suitable treatment.

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Interzonal Comparative Analysis of the Wintering Habitat of Spot-billed Duck (Anas poecilorhyncha) (흰뺨검둥오리의 지역간 월동서식지이용 비교분석)

  • Hwang, Jong-Kyeong;Shin, Man-Seok;Kang, Young-Myong;Yoom, Hachung;Choi, Jida;Jeong, Wooseog;Lee, Jun-Woo
    • Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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    • v.30 no.4
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    • pp.676-683
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    • 2016
  • This study was conducted using the Wild -Tracker (WT-300, GPS-Mobile Phone Based Telemetry KoEco) to understand the habitats of the spot-billed duck wintering in urban and rural areas and provide the results as the basic data for the protection and management of the habitats of the waterbirds in Korea. Study areas consisted of the Anseong stream in Gyeonggi-do and the Sansu reservoir in Haenam. Five spot-billed ducks were captured by region, and we attached Wild-Tracker to each of the spot-billed ducks. We analyzed the tracking location data using ArcGIS 9.x and calculated Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) and Minimum Convex Polygon (MCP). The average home-range measured by MCP was $250.8km^2$(SD=195.3, n=5) in Anseong and was $89.1km^2$ (SD=69.6, n=5) in Haenam. 50% home-range measured by KDE was $21.8km^2$ (SD=26.9, n=5) in Anseong and $3.5km^2$ (SD=2.2, n=5) in Haenam, indicating a narrow home range in Haenam. During the winter season, both wetland and paddy field were mostly used as habitats in Anseong and Haenam. While the paddy field utilization rate was high in the daytime in Haenam, it was high in the nighttime in Anseong. By late winter, Haenam's day time paddy field utilization rate and Anseong's night time paddy field utilization rate increased.

Performance of Drip Irrigation System in Banana Cultuivation - Data Envelopment Analysis Approach

  • Kumar, K. Nirmal Ravi;Kumar, M. Suresh
    • Agribusiness and Information Management
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.17-26
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    • 2016
  • India is largest producer of banana in the world producing 29.72 million tonnes from an area of 0.803 million ha with a productivity of 35.7 MT ha-1 and accounted for 15.48 and 27.01 per cent of the world's area and production respectively (www.nhb.gov.in). In India, Tamil Nadu leads other states both in terms of area and production followed by Maharashtra, Gujarat and Andhra Pradesh. In Rayalaseema region of Andhra Pradesh, Kurnool district had special reputation in the cultivation of banana in an area of 5765 hectares with an annual production of 2.01 lakh tonnes in the year 2012-13 and hence, it was purposively chosen for the study. On $23^{rd}$ November 2003, the Government of Andhra Pradesh has commenced a comprehensive project called 'Andhra Pradesh Micro Irrigation Project (APMIP)', first of its kind in the world so as to promote water use efficiency. APMIP is offering 100 per cent of subsidy in case of SC, ST and 90 per cent in case of other categories of farmers up to 5.0 acres of land. In case of acreage between 5-10 acres, 70 per cent subsidy and acreage above 10, 50 per cent of subsidy is given to the farmer beneficiaries. The sampling frame consists of Kurnool district, two mandals, four villages and 180 sample farmers comprising of 60 farmers each from Marginal (<1ha), Small (1-2ha) and Other (>2ha) categories. A well structured pre-tested schedule was employed to collect the requisite information pertaining to the performance of drip irrigation among the sample farmers and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model was employed to analyze the performance of drip irrigation in banana farms. The performance of drip irrigation was assessed based on the parameters like: Land Development Works (LDW), Fertigation costs (FC), Volume of water supplied (VWS), Annual maintenance costs of drip irrigation (AMC), Economic Status of the farmer (ES), Crop Productivity (CP) etc. The first four parameters are considered as inputs and last two as outputs for DEA modelling purposes. The findings revealed that, the number of farms operating at CRS are more in number in other farms (46.66%) followed by marginal (45%) and small farms (28.33%). Similarly, regarding the number of farmers operating at VRS, the other farms are again more in number with 61.66 per cent followed by marginal (53.33%) and small farms (35%). With reference to scale efficiency, marginal farms dominate the scenario with 57 per cent followed by others (55%) and small farms (50%). At pooled level, 26.11 per cent of the farms are being operated at CRS with an average technical efficiency score of 0.6138 i.e., 47 out of 180 farms. Nearly 40 per cent of the farmers at pooled level are being operated at VRS with an average technical efficiency score of 0.7241. As regards to scale efficiency, nearly 52 per cent of the farmers (94 out of 180 farmers) at pooled level, either performed at the optimum scale or were close to the optimum scale (farms having scale efficiency values equal to or more than 0.90). Majority of the farms (39.44%) are operating at IRS and only 29 per cent of the farmers are operating at DRS. This signifies that, more resources should be provided to these farms operating at IRS and the same should be decreased towards the farms operating at DRS. Nearly 32 per cent of the farms are operating at CRS indicating efficient utilization of resources. Log linear regression model was used to analyze the major determinants of input use efficiency in banana farms. The input variables considered under DEA model were again considered as influential factors for the CRS obtained for the three categories of farmers. Volume of water supplied ($X_1$) and fertigation cost ($X_2$) are the major determinants of banana farms across all the farmer categories and even at pooled level. In view of their positive influence on the CRS, it is essential to strengthen modern irrigation infrastructure like drip irrigation and offer more fertilizer subsidies to the farmer to enhance the crop production on cost-effective basis in Kurnool district of Andhra Pradesh, India. This study further suggests that, the present era of Information Technology will help the irrigation management in the context of generating new techniques, extension, adoption and information. It will also guide the farmers in irrigation scheduling and quantifying the irrigation water requirements in accordance with the water availability in a particular season. So, it is high time for the Government of India to pay adequate attention towards the applications of 'Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and its applications in irrigation water management' for facilitating the deployment of Decision Supports Systems (DSSs) at various levels of planning and management of water resources in the country.

Suitability Classes for Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) Using Soil and Climate Digital Database in Gangwon Province (강원도에서 토양과 기후 데이터베이스를 이용한 이탈리안 라이그라스의 재배 적지 구분)

  • Kim, Kyung-Dae;Sung, Kyung-Il;Jung, Yeong-Sang;Lee, Hyun-Il;Kim, Eun-Jeong;Nejad, Jalil Ghassemi;Jo, Mu-Hwan;Lim, Young-Chul
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.32 no.4
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    • pp.437-446
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    • 2012
  • As a part of establishing suitability classification for forage production, use of the national soil and climate database was attempted for Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam., IRG) in Gangwon Province. The soil data base were from Heugtoram of the National Academy of Agricultural Science, and the climate data base were from the National Center for Agro-Meteorology, respectively. Soil physical properties including soil texture, drainage, slope available depth and surface rock contents, and soil chemical properties including soil acidity and salinity, organic matter content were selected as soil factors. The crieria and weighting factors of these elements were scored. Climate factors including average daily minimum temperature, average temperature from March to May, the number of days of which average temperature was higher than $5^{\circ}C$ from September to December, the number of days of precipitation and its amount from October to May of the following year were selected, and criteria and weighting factors were scored. The electronic maps were developed with these scores using the national data base of soil and climate. Based on soil scores, the area of Goseong, Sogcho, Gangreung, and Samcheog in east coastal region with gentle slope were classified as the possible and/or the proper area for IRG cultivation in Gangwon Province. The lands with gentle or moderate slope of Cheolwon, Yanggu, Chuncheon, Hweongseong, Pyungchang and Jeongsun in west side slope of Taebaeg mountains were classified as the possible and/or proper area as well. Based on climate score, the east coastal area of Goseong, Sogcho, Yangyang, Gangreung and Samcheog could be classified as the possible or proper area. Most area located on west side of the Taebaeg mountains were classified as not suitable for IRG production. In scattered area in Chuncheon and Weonju, where the scores exceeded 60, the IRG cultivation should be carefully managed for good production. For better application of electronic maps.