• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.45-48
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• 2008

A 57-year-old man was transferred to our emergency department with decreased mental status after organophosphate intoxication. He had a four year history of benzodiazepine and hypnotic medication use for chronic insomnia and a depressive mood disorder. He had no previous history of seizures, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. By hospital day 5, the patient was noted to be awake and to have repetitive jerking movements involving the left upper extremity, and appeared apathetic, depressed and less responsive to external stimuli. A benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome was subsequently apparent when he developed several generalized tonic clonic seizures and status epilepticus. Using a continuous midazolam intravenous infusion, we successfully controlled the refractory seizure without complications. We present a rare case of status epilepticus from a benzodiazepine withdrawal that developed during the treatment for organophosphate intoxication.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제49권10호
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• pp.1086-1092
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• 2006

목 적 : RSE는 드물지 않으며 사망률이 높고 신경학적 후유증을 많이 남길 수 있는 중증 질환이다. 본 연구는 소아 난치성 간질 중첩증에서 뇌척수액 백혈구 증가증이 임상적으로 어떤 의미를 가지는지 알아보기 위해 시행하였다. 방 법 : 1999년 1월부터 2006년 1월까지 경북대학교 병원 소아과에 난치성 간질 중첩증을 주소로 입원한 37명의 환아 중에서 뇌척수액 검사를 시행한 25명의 환아를 대상으로 의무기록을 토대로 후향적 조사하였고 뇌척수액 백혈구 증가증이 있는 군과 없는 군을 나누어 비교하고, RSE가 간질의 첫 증상이었던 환아와 이전에 간질로 치료 받고 있던 환아 군을 나누어 비교하였다. 결 과 : 25명의 환아 중 6명에서 뇌척수액 백혈구 증가증이 있었고, 뇌척수액 백혈구 증가증이 없는 군에서 사망률과 필요약물 투여량에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 치료 후 경과는 뇌척수액 백혈구 증가증이 있는 군의 생존자가 더 심한 후유증이 남은 것으로 보이나 중추신경계 감염이 원인인 환아들을 제외하면 두군에서 치료 후 경과에 큰 차이가 없었다. 뇌척수액 백혈구 증가증이 있는 환아 들은 모두 처음 경련이 발생한 환아 들이었다. 결 론 : RSE로 진행한 경련 환아들 중에서 감염의 증거가 있을 경우는 뇌척수액 검사가 빠른 시간 안에 시행되어 중추신경계 감염 등의 원인 질환이 밝혀져야 하겠으나, 감염의 가능성이 적은 경우는 뇌척수액 검사 시기를 신중이 결정하는 것이 바람직하다고 생각된다. 그리고 경한 뇌척수액 백혈구 증가증은 예후에 특정한 영향을 주지 않으므로 감염이 의심되지 않는 경우에는 항생제, 항바이러스제 등의 사용에 신중을 기해야 한다고 생각한다.

• 대한신경집중치료학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.137-142
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• 2018

Background: New-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) occurs in people without a history of seizures. In these cases, the seizure causes are unclear, and the seizures are not controlled by standard treatment. Autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) can be a cause of NORSE. Cryptogenic NORSE may be associated with AIE, but antibodies associated with the condition have not yet been identified. Primary immunotherapy may not be effective for AIE. Rituximab has improved the prognosis in some cases. Case Report: We treated a cryptogenic NORSE patient with a combination of antiepileptic drugs and immunotherapy. On the 13th hospital day, the seizures were controlled, but the patient remained in a coma. The patient rapidly recovered after administration of rituximab started on the 26th hospital day. Conclusion: Rituximab may be helpful for cryptogenic NORSE patients in whom primary immunotherapy controls seizures, but fails to improve consciousness.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.71-77
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• 2015

Purpose: Acute endosulfan poisoning is rare but causes significant morbidity and mortality. The aim of our study is to describe complications and features of seizure and determine factors associated with mortality in acute endosulfan poisoning. Methods: Twenty-eight adult patients with acute endosulfan poisoning admitted to our emergency department during a 15-year period were studied retrospectively. The clinical features of seizure, use of antiepileptic drugs during seizure, and hospital courses were evaluated. Clinical factors between survived group and non-survived group were compared for identification of factors associated with mortality. Results: Of the 28 patients with endosulfan poisoning, 4 patients (14.3%) died and 15 (53.6%) patients developed generalized tonic-clonic seizure. Thirteen patients (46.4%) and 5 patients (17.9%) progressed to status epilepticus (SE) and refractory status epilepticus (RSE), respectively. SE and RSE were associated with mortality. Almost all significant complications including shock, acute renal failure, hepatic toxicity, rhabdomyolysis, and cardiac injury developed in SE and RSE patients. Conclusion: SE and RSE were important contributors to death in endosulfan poisoning. Emergency physicians treating endosulfan poisoning should make an effort not to progress seizure following endosulfan poisoning to SE and RSE using a rapid and aggressive antiepileptic drug.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.47-57
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• 2022

Stiripentol is an anti-epileptic drug for the treating of refractory status epilepticus. It has been reported that stiripentol can attenuate seizure severity and reduce seizure-induced neuronal damage in animal models of epilepsy. The objective of the present study was to investigate effects of post-treatment with stiripentol on cognitive deficit and neuronal damage in the cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) region of the hippocampus proper following transient ischemia in the forebrain of gerbils. To evaluate ischemia-induced cognitive impairments, passive avoidance test and 8-arm radial maze test were performed. It was found that post-treatment with stiripentol at 20 mg/kg, but not 10 or 15 mg/kg, reduced ischemia-induced memory impairment. Transient ischemia-induced neuronal death in the CA1 region was also significantly attenuated only by 20 mg/kg stiripentol treatment after transient ischemia. In addition, 20 mg/kg stiripentol treatment significantly decreased ischemia-induced astrocyte damage and immunoglobulin G leakage. In brief, stiripentol treatment after transient ischemia ameliorated transient ischemia-induced cognitive impairment in gerbils, showing that pyramidal neurons were protected and astrocyte damage and blood brain barrier leakage were significantly attenuated in the hippocampus. Results of this study suggest stiripentol can be developed as a candidate of therapeutic drug for ischemic stroke.