• Title/Summary/Keyword: Refining

Search Result 851, Processing Time 0.033 seconds

Modification of Stress-Strain Properties of OCC

  • Won, Jong-Myoung;Kim, Si-Young
    • Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
    • /
    • 2006.06b
    • /
    • pp.445-450
    • /
    • 2006
  • The stress and strain properties of KOCC were modified to improve the performance of KOCC as a packaging raw material. The refining consistency, refining degree and the grammage of handsheet were varied. The stress strain properties, tensile energy absorption were measured for prepared handsheets. The refining improved significantly the stress and strain properties of paper, especially at lower refining consistency. The increase of grammage also had contributed to improve the stress and strain of paper. It was also found that both refining and grammage contributed to the improvement of tensile energy absorption. However, it is strongly recommended to introduce the combination of refining consistency, refining degree and mechanical treatment.

  • PDF

Effects of Refining Condition on the Specific Energy Consumption and Physical Properties of Liner (펄프의 고해 조건이 비에너지 소비와 라이너의 물성에 미치는 영향)

  • 원종명
    • Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
    • /
    • v.36 no.2
    • /
    • pp.17-23
    • /
    • 2004
  • The effects of refining consistency and plate gap on the specific energy consumption and physical properties of liner were investigated. Higher refining consistency and narrower plate gap brought about the reduction of specific energy consumption to decrease the freeness. Refining consistency and plate gap did not affect the bulk, Taber stiffness and compression index. The reduction of freeness and/or the increase of specific energy consumption caused the decrease of bulk and Taber stiffness, but increased the compression index. The effect of grammage on bulk was not observed, but Taber stiffness and compression index were increased with grammage. The bulk was decreased with the reduction of freeness rapidly at the above 400 mL CSF, and then levelled off. It is expected that the reduction of energy consumption could be obtained from the application of higher refining consistency and narrower plate gap during refining.

Effect of Refining Load on the Drainage Characteristics of Pulp (고해부하가 지층 형성시 탈수특성에 미치는 영향)

  • 김용식;원종명
    • Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
    • /
    • v.32 no.4
    • /
    • pp.10-17
    • /
    • 2000
  • The change of fiber length, freeness, initial forming drainage velocity, specific filtration resistance, final drainage time and wet web dryness were measured to investigate the effect of the refining load on the drainage characteristics of pulp. The arithmetic average fiber length after refining with higher refining load was shorter than that obtained with lower refining load. Higher refining load decreased initial forming drainage velocity, final drainage time and wet web dryness. The refining load also affected the relationship between freeness and specific filtration resistance, initial forming drainage velocity, final drainage time. It was found that the specific filtration resistance is better than freeness to predict the drainage characteristics of pulp and the wet dryness.

  • PDF

Effect of PFI mill and Valley beater refining on cellulose degree of polymerization, alpha cellulose contents, and crystallinity of wood and cotton fibers

  • Hai, Le Van;Park, Hee Jung;Seo, Yung Bum
    • Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
    • /
    • v.45 no.4
    • /
    • pp.27-33
    • /
    • 2013
  • Manufacturing fabrics from dissolving cellulosic pulp is increasing in these days. For making high quality of cellulose-based fabrics, control of cellulose DP (degree of polymerization), its alpha cellulose content, its brightness, and its crystallinity are important. To process the cellulosic raw material, refining of cellulosic fibers is essential, and it is important to know if refining affects those important cellulose properties. The effects of PFI mill and Valley beater refining on the alpha-cellulose content, cellulose DP, crystallinity, and paper mechanical properties of wood and two different cotton fibers were studied. The results showed that PFI mill refining rarely affected those properties. Fibers refined by a Valley beater displayed a small reduction in fiber length in comparison with those refined by a PFI mill. However, the Valley beater refining method produced almost no changes in cellulose properties, either. The refining process seemed to have very little effect on the cellulose DP, crystallinity index, or alpha-cellulose content until the freeness decreased to around 300 mL CSF for wood and 100 mL CSF for cotton fibers, respectively. There were also no differences in tensile strength development in two refining methods.

Effect of Combined Refining Plates with Different Bar Angles on Paper Properties during Mixed Pulp Refining

  • GUO, Xiya;DONG, Jixian;LIU, Huan;DUAN, Chuanwu;YANG, Ruifan;QI, Kai
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
    • /
    • v.48 no.5
    • /
    • pp.581-590
    • /
    • 2020
  • Pulp refining is the major way to alter the properties of fibers and formed paper. Different combinations of the bar profile of the rotor and stator during low consistency refining processes directly affect the properties of the paper. In this study, a mixture of softwood and hardwood pulp was refined by varying the bar angle of the stator while that of the rotor is fixed at 0º. The pulp samples were collected at different refining times. Then, the pulp and paper properties, such as beating degree, fiber external fibrillation, and tensile and tear indexes were measured to explore the effects of the combined refining plates at different bar angles on paper properties. The results of the experiment show that the combined refining plate of 0º and 5º recorded the most significant improvement in the pulp beating degree and fiber external fibrillation. This consequently increased the fiber bonding area, which in turn, improved both the tensile and the tear indexes of the paper. Also, the influence of the combined refining plates with a larger bar angle on the paper properties was weaker compared to that of smaller angles. This study not only provides ideas for the bar profile design but also improves the optimal selection of refining plates.

Refining of Silicon by Fractional Melting Process (Fractional Melting에 의한 Si 정련에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Kwi-Wook;Yoon, Woo-Young
    • Journal of Korea Foundry Society
    • /
    • v.17 no.6
    • /
    • pp.598-607
    • /
    • 1997
  • Fractional melting process involves heating an alloy within its liquid-solid region simultaneously ejecting liquid from the solid-liquid mixture. The extent of the purification obtained is comparable to that obtained in multi-pass zone refining. The new fractional melting process in which centrifugal force was used for separating the liquid from the mixture has been developed and applied to the purification of the metallic grade. Refining ratio depends on partition ratio, cake wetness and diffusion in the solid, and it was controlled by various processing parameters such as rotating speed and heating rate. The new parameter called "refining partition coefficient" has been suggested to estimate the effects of processing variables on the refining ratio. Because major impurities in MG-silicon such as Fe, Al, Ni have a low segregation coefficient, good purification effect is expected. The results of refining MG-silicon(98%) showed that 3N-Si was obtained in refined solid of 50% of the original sample.

  • PDF

Effect of Refining Conditions and Grammage on the Bending Stiffness of Linerboard (고해 조건과 평량이 라이너 판지의 휨강성에 미치는 영향)

  • Won Jong Myoung
    • Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
    • /
    • v.36 no.3
    • /
    • pp.44-51
    • /
    • 2004
  • The effect of refining conditions and grammage on the stiffness of linerboard was investigated. The correlations between Taber stiffness and resonance stiffness were very low due to the different measuring principle. The refining conditions did not affect sig nificantly on both Taber and resonance stiffness estimated here. This means that it is strongly recommended to find and apply the refining conditions which can reduce specific energy consumption. Taber stiffness showed very high correlation for the thickness and elastic modulus of linerboard, while the resonance stiffness showed much lower correlation. Effective thicknesses for Taber stiffness were very well fitted with measured thickness, while those for resonance stiffness depended on the grammage of linerboard.

Study on the Beating Properties of CMC Pre-treated and Mixed Cotton Linter Pulp (제지용 면 펄프의 CMC 전처리 및 혼합 고해특성 연구)

  • Shin, Hyeon-Sik;Lee, Jin-Ho;Kim, Duk-Ki;Park, Jong-Moon
    • Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
    • /
    • v.46 no.4
    • /
    • pp.11-20
    • /
    • 2014
  • The objective of this study was to investigate the beating properties of two types of cotton pulps such as "cotton lint mixed pulp" and "cotton linter pulp". In order to improve refining characteristics, the effects of carboxymethyl-cellulose (CMC) pre-treatment, mixing ratio changes of cotton lint mixed pulp and cotton linter pulp, and refining load changes were analyzed. In mill application, it was possible to improve the refining characteristics and maintained the strength properties of the paper by applying increasing ratio of cotton linter pulp mixing and controlling the refining methods.

CO2 Capture from the Petroleum Refining Industry (정유 산업에서의 온실가스 포집)

  • Hong, Yeon Ki
    • Journal of Institute of Convergence Technology
    • /
    • v.11 no.1
    • /
    • pp.13-18
    • /
    • 2021
  • It is widely accepted that the prevention of global warming requires significant reductions in greenhouse gases, particularly CO2 emissions. Although fossil fuel-based power plants account for the majority of CO2 emissions, it is urgent to reduce CO2 emissions in industries that emit large amounts of CO2 such as steel, petrochemical, and oil refining. This paper examines the current status of CO2 emission in the domestic oil refining industry and CO2 emission sources in each unit process in the oil refining industry. Focusing on the previously developed CO2 capture process, cases and applicability of greenhouse gas reduction in FCC and hydrogen manufacturing processes, which are major processes constituting the oil refining industry, are reviewed.

Analysis of Effects of Fiber's Collapse Index on Physical Properties of Paper Using CLSM (종이의 물리적 특성에 미치는 섬유의 찌그러짐 특성의 영향에 대한 CLSM 분석)

  • 김서환;박종문;김철환
    • Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
    • /
    • v.31 no.1
    • /
    • pp.46-51
    • /
    • 1999
  • The most important effect of refining is believed as the internal fibrillation. The internal fibrillation is the separation of the fiber wall into several lamellae. The internal fibrillation results in fiber swelling as water penetrates the fiber wall. The increase in paper strength as a result of refining was due to delamination which made the fiber more flexible. Pulp fibers are refined to 20, 40, and 70$^{\circ}$SR freeness at Valley beater. Changes of Physical paper properties are analyzed depending on fiber wall thickness and fiber's collapse index at 2.5 and 5.6kg$_f$ refining load. At same $^[\circ}$SR freeness with 2.5kg$_f$ refining load, fiber wall thickness is increased further than at high 5.6kg$_f$ refining load. With higher fiber wall thickness by lower intensity refining load, higher internal fibrillation, flexibility, collapsability of fibers are achieved. Those effects improve WRV, tensile strength, and burst strength. Tear strength shows opposite trend to tensile and burst strength as usual.

  • PDF