• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제42권1호
• /
• pp.89-96
• /
• 2010

This paper describes the methodology of calculating the internal dose conversion coefficient in order to assess the radiological impact on non-human species. This paper also presents the internal dose conversion coefficients of 25 radionuclides ($^3H,\;^7Be,\;^{14}C,\;^{40}K,\;^{51}Cr,\;^{54}Mn,\;^{59}Fe,\;^{58}Co,\;^{60}Co,\;^{65}Zn,\;^{90}Sr,\;^{95}Nb,\;^{99}Tc,\;^{106}Ru,\;^{129}I,\;^{131}I,\;^{136}Cs,\;^{137}Cs,\;^{140}Ba,\;^{140}La,\;^{144}Ce,\;^{238}U,\;^{239}Pu,\;^{240}Pu$) for domestic seven reference animals (roe deer, rat, frog, snake, Chinese minnow, bee, and earthworm) and one reference plant (pine tree). The uniform isotropic model was applied in order to calculate the internal dose conversion coefficients. The calculated internal dose conversion coefficient (${\mu}Gyd^{-1}$ per $Bqkg^{-1}$) ranged from $10^{-6}$ to $10^{-2}$ according to the type of radionuclides and organisms studied. It turns out that the internal does conversion coefficient was higher for alpha radionuclides, such as $^{238}U,\;^{239}Pu$, and $^{240}Pu$, and for large organisms, such as roe deer and pine tree. The internal dose conversion coefficients of $^{239}U,\;^{240}Pu,\;^{238}U,\;^{14}C,\;^3H$, and $^{99}Tc$ were independent of the organism.

• Genomics & Informatics
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.128-135
• /
• 2017

As next-generation sequencing technologies have advanced, enormous amounts of whole-genome sequence information in various species have been released. However, it is still difficult to assemble the whole genome precisely, due to inherent limitations of short-read sequencing technologies. In particular, the complexities of plants are incomparable to those of microorganisms or animals because of whole-genome duplications, repeat insertions, and Numt insertions, etc. In this study, we describe a new method for detecting misassembly sequence regions of Brassica rapa with genotyping-by-sequencing, followed by MadMapper clustering. The misassembly candidate regions were cross-checked with BAC clone paired-ends library sequences that have been mapped to the reference genome. The results were further verified with gene synteny relations between Brassica rapa and Arabidopsis thaliana. We conclude that this method will help detect misassembly regions and be applicable to incompletely assembled reference genomes from a variety of species.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2009

Carotenoids being most important pigments among those occurring in nature, have received increased interest owing to their beneficial effects on human health. An effort is made to review marine carotenoids as important bioactive compounds with reference to their presence, chemical, and biofunctional benefits they afford. The potential beneficial effects of marine carotenoids were particularly focused on astaxanthin and fucoxanthin, major marine carotenoids found in marine animals and aquatic plants, respectively. Both carotenoids show strong antioxidant activity which is attributed to quenching singlet oxygen and scavenging free radicals. The potential role of the carotenoids as dietary antioxidants has been suggested as being one of the main mechanism by which they afford their beneficial health effects such as anticancer activity and anti-inflammatory effect. Only recently, antiobesity effect and antidiabetic effect have been noted as specific and novel bio-functions of fucoxanthin. Nutrigenomic study reveals that fucoxanthin induces uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression in white adipose tissue (WAT) mitochondria to lead to oxidation of fatty acids and heat production in WAT. Fucoxanthin improves insulin resistance and decreases blood glucose level, at least in part, through the down-regulation of tumor necrosis factor $\alpha$ ($TNF{\alpha}$) in WAT of animals.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• 제42권1호
• /
• pp.21-26
• /
• 2018

Background: Furosine (${\varepsilon}$-N-2-furoylmethyl-L-lysine, FML) is an amino acid derivative, which is considered to be an important indicator of the extent of damage (deteriorating the quality of amino acid and proteins due to a blockage of lysine and a decrease in the digestibility of proteins) during the early stages of the Maillard reaction. In addition, FML has been proven to be harmful because it is closely related to a variety of diseases such as diabetes. The qualitative analysis of FML in fresh and processed ginsengs was confirmed using HPLC-MS. Methods: An ion-pair reversed-phase LC method was used for the quantitative analysis of FML in various ginseng samples. Results: The contents of FML in the ginseng samples were 3.35-42.28 g/kg protein. The lowest value was observed in the freshly collected ginseng samples, and the highest value was found in the black ginseng concentrate. Heat treatment and honey addition significantly increased the FML content from 3.35 g/kg protein to 42.28 g/kg protein. Conclusion: These results indicate that FML is a promising indicator to estimate the heat treatment degree and honey addition level during the manufacture of ginseng products. The FML content is also an important parameter to identity the quality of ginseng products. In addition, the generation and regulation of potentially harmful Maillard reaction products-FML in ginseng processing was also investigated, providing a solid theoretical foundation and valuable reference for safe ginseng processing.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• 제45권3호
• /
• pp.117-129
• /
• 2021

In this review, we aimed to synthesize the current knowledge on the observed and projected effects of climate change on the ecosystems of Korea (i.e., the Republic of Korea (ROK) or South Korea), as well as the main causes of vulnerability and options for adaptation in these ecosystems based on a range of ecological and biogeographical data. To this end, we compiled a set of peer-reviewed papers published since 2014. We found that publication of climate-related studies on plants has decreased in the field of plant phenology and physiology, whereas such publication has rapidly increased in plant and animal community ecology, reflecting the range shifts and abundance change that are occurring under climate change. Plant phenology studies showed that climate change has increased growing seasons by advancing the timing of flowering and budburst while delaying the timing of leafing out. Community ecology studies indicated that the future ranges of cold-adapted plants and animals could shrink or shift toward northern and high-elevation areas, whereas the ranges of warm-adapted organisms could expand and/or shift toward the areas that the aforementioned cold-adapted biota previously occupied. This review provides useful information and new insights that will improve understanding of climate change effects on the ecosystems of Korea. Moreover, it will serve as a reference for policy-makers seeking to establish future sectoral adaptation options for protection against climate change.

• 한국디지털건축인테리어학회논문집
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.17-23
• /
• 2005

To begin with, this research arranged this concepts by analyzing paper a reference paper. So, the theory was arranged by approaching the ideal, formative and contemporary side. In order to type characteristics expression of organic design, after year 2000 printed in "Interiors" journal analyzed the contents based on interior works. 1. A type of metaphorical expression, order and the imitations of animals and plants. 2. A type of non liner, and dynamical balance and irregularity. 3. A type of mass of indeterminate form. 4. A type of fluidity by a curved line and a curved surface.

• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
• /
• 제28권5호
• /
• pp.312-317
• /
• 2016

연안 해역의 노출 및 침수양상은 연안 서식생물의 서식환경에 직접적인 영향을 미치는 중요한 인자이다. 본 연구에서는 우리나라 연안 8개 지점의 조위자료를 이용하여 연안의 노출 및 침수양상을 빈도에 따라 5개의 영역으로 구분하고, 구분된 영역의 특성 분석을 수행하기 위하여 기존의 AHHW, ALLW 기준조위와 더불어 국제적인 기준조위로 널리 이용되는 HAT, LAT 기준조위를 추정하였다. 연안 8개 지점에 대한 노출 및 침수형태를 분류된 5가지 종류의 구역 중심으로 분석한 결과, 모든 지점에서 1일 2회의 노출과 침수가 발생하는 영역 3의 점유시간 빈도가 87.2-88.2% 범위로 가장 우세한 것으로 파악되었으며, 조위와는 무관하게 비교적 일정한 비율을 유지하는 것으로 파악되었으며, 영역 2, 4는 각각 4% 이하, 8% 이상의 비율을 유지하고 있다. 한편, 조석 형태수에 의하면 일주조 우세로 분류되는 포항에서는 조석의 뚜렷한 연주조와 반년주조의 영향으로 그 비율이 각각 1.4%, 10.8% 정도로 증감하는 양상을 보이고 있다.

• 복식
• /
• 제66권1호
• /
• pp.135-154
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study is to research the characteristics and types applied to Korean and foreign luggage brands, and then develop pattern designs for the luggage by applying Korean cultural contents that meet the various fashion needs of travel goods. To select the Korean and foreign luggage brands, a web search was utilized by inputting the keyword, 'luggage brand'. The results, which were extracted from 200 web documents, produced 27 Korean brands and 29 foreign brands that met the requirements. For the data analysis, images and contents were collected through luggage brand websites, and then 927 pattern designs were extracted. The results were as follows. First, characters, figures, animals, and plants were commonly used for the pattern design motifs applied to Korean and foreign luggage. A notable trend was that these motifs were expressed in a stylistic way with a graphic touch. Also, a singular point was formed from the luggage overall, and regularly repeated patterns were very common as well. Secondly, pattern designs for luggage were developed through the application of 'Hangul', 'Hanbok', and 'Hanok'. Nine kinds of patterns were designed via the phases of change into a vector image and color adjustments, and were simulated in luggage design. Adobe Photoshop CS 7.0, and Adobe Illustrator CS 5.0 programs were used for the pattern designs and simulations. This study is meaningful in that it suggested pattern designs for different kinds of luggage in the motifs of Korean cultural contents. It can be used as a useful reference, as we are in a time period where travel goods have become individualized, advanced, and fashionable, as well as laying stress on original design based on cultural interpretation.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제45권1호
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2013

This paper describes the radiation doses to human and non-human biota in the Republic of Korea, as a result of the Fukushima nuclear accident. By using the measured airborne activity and ground deposition, the effective and thyroid doses of five human age groups (infant, 5 years, 10 years, 15 years and adult) were estimated by the ECOSYS code, and the whole body absorbed dose rate of the eight Korean reference animals and plants (RAPs) was estimated by the K-BIOTA (the Korean computer code to assess the risk of radioactivity to wildlife). The first-year effective and thyroid human doses ranged from 5.7E-5 mSv in the infant group to 2.0E-4 mSv in the 5 years group, and from 5.0E-4 mSv in the infant group to 3.4E-3 mSv in the 5 years group, respectively. The life-time (70 years) effective and thyroid human doses ranged from 1.5E-4 mSv in the infant group to 3.0E-4 mSv in the 5 years group, and from 6.0E-4 mSv in the infant group to 3.5E-3 mSv in the 5 years group, respectively. The estimated maximum whole body absorbed dose rate to the Korean RAPs was 6.7E-7 mGy/d for a snake living in soil (terrestrial biota), and 2.0E-5 mGy/d for freshwater fish (aquatic biota), both of which were far less than the generic dose criteria to protect biota from ionizing radiation. Also, the screening level assessment for ERICA's (Environmental Risks from Ionizing Contaminants: Assessments and management) limiting organisms showed that the risk quotient (RQ) for the estimated maximum soil and water activity was significantly less than unity for both the terrestrial and freshwater organisms. Conclusively, the radiological risk of the radioactivity released into the environment by the Fukushima nuclear accident to the public and the non-human biota in the republic of Korea is considered negligible.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.93-99
• /
• 2004

Pathogens pose a significant threat to humans, animals, and plants. Consequently, a considerable effort has been devoted to developing rapid, convenient, and accurate assays for the detection of these unfavorable organisms. Recently, DNA-microarray based technology is receiving much attention as a powerful tool for pathogen detection. After the target gene is first selected for the unique identification of microorganisms, species-specific probes are designed through bioinformatic analysis of the sequences, which uses the info rmation present in the databases. DNA samples, which were obtained from reference and/or clinical isolates, are properly processed and hybridized with species-specific probes that are immobilized on the surface of the microarray for fluorescent detection. In this study, we review the methods and strategies for the development of DNA microarray for pathogen detection, with the focus on probe design.