• Title/Summary/Keyword: Reduction to bones

검색결과 74건 처리시간 0.03초

The Effects of Caffeine on the Long Bones and Testes in Immature and Young Adult Rats

  • Kwak, Yoojin;Choi, Hyeonhae;Roh, Jaesook
    • Toxicological Research
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    • 제33권2호
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    • pp.157-164
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    • 2017
  • This study was to evaluate the age-dependent effects of caffeine exposure on the long bones and reproductive organs using male rats. A total of 15 immature male rats and 15 young adult male rats were allocated randomly to three groups: a control group and two groups fed caffeine with 120 and 180 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks. Exposure to caffeine at either dose significantly reduced body weight gain; a proportional reduction in muscle and fat mass in immature animals, whereas a selective reduction in fat mass with relatively preserved muscle mass in young adult animals. The long bones of immature rats exposed to caffeine were significantly shorter and lighter than those of control animals along with decreased bone minerals. However, there was no difference in the length or weight of the long bones in young adult rats exposed to caffeine. Exposure to caffeine reduced the size and absolute weight of the testes significantly in immature animals in comparison to control animals, but not in young adult animals exposed to caffeine. In contrast, the adrenal glands were significantly heavier in caffeine-fed young adult rats in comparison to control animals, but not in caffeine-fed immature rats. Our results clearly show that the negative effects of caffeine on the long bones and testes in rats are different according to the age of the rat at the time of exposure, and might therefore be caused by changes to organ sensitivity and metabolic rate at different developmental stages. Although the long bones and testes are more susceptible to caffeine during puberty, caffeine has negative effects on body fat, bone minerals and the adrenal glands when exposure occurs during young adulthood. There is a need, therefore, to educate the public the potential dangers of caffeine consumption during puberty and young adulthood.

비골골절 시 골절정복과 동시에 시행된 융비술 (Simultaneous Augmentation Rhinoplasty with Bony Reduction in Nasal Bone Fracture)

  • 임광열;송제니퍼;김형도;황소민;정용휘;안성민
    • 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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    • 제11권2호
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    • pp.77-84
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    • 2010
  • Purpose: The nasal bones are the most common fracture sites of the facial bones, and a careful reduction may still result in secondary deformities, such as saddle nose, deviated nose, hump nose etc, requiring secondary cosmetic rhinoplasty. Therefore, this study examined the clinical characteristics of nasal bone fractures to propose guidelines for patient selection and surgical procedures to achieve more satisfactory results and to prevent secondary deformities with simultaneous augmentation rhinoplasty and bony reduction. Methods: The study was based on 26 out of 149 nasal bone fracture patients who underwent simultaneous augmentation rhinoplasty with bony reduction between May 2008 and April 2009. Retrospective analysis was performed according to the clinical data, surgical techniques and postoperative results. Results: Of the 26 patients, there were 15 males and 11 females. The incidence according to the Stranc's classification revealed that 62% of patients were injured by a frontal impact and 38% by a lateral impact. Frontal impact plane I (50%) was the most frequent type. At the follow up, 18 (81.2%) out of 22 patients were satisfied with their postoperative outcome, and the remaining 4 patients were fair. No one was dissatisfied. However, 5 cases in 3 patients (23%) had some complications; minimal implant deviation in 2 cases, minor irregularity on the nasal dorsum in 2 cases and palpable implant movement under palpation in 1 case. None of these cases required surgical correction. Conclusion: With the proper guidance, simultaneous augmentation rhinoplasty with bony reduction can prevent secondary deformities and satisfy the cosmetic outcomes.

볼처짐 최소화를 위한 최소절개 및 박리 관골 축소 성형술 (Prevention of Cheek Drooping in Intraoral Reduction Malarplasty without Internal Fixation)

  • 박동권;최재훈;이진효;유영준
    • Archives of Plastic Surgery
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    • 제38권6호
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    • pp.845-850
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    • 2011
  • Purpose: In general, orientals including Korean, have a mesocephalic face whereas Caucasians, among the western, have a dolichocephalic face. Unlike the western, in orientals including Korean, prominent malar bones are recognized as stubborn and unattractive appearance. That is why reduction malarplasty is one of the most popular aesthetic surgical procedure in Korea. Many surgical methods to reposition prominent malar bones have been performed by means of a coronal incision or a combined incisions, using both the intraoral and the external incision. Bicoronal approach has advantage such as wide operative field, easy to maintain symmetry and possibility of combining facial lift but has shortcoming, such as external scars, long operative time, and the possibility of facial nerve or artery injury. Intraoral approach has advantages of short operative time, simplicity of procedure and no external scar. But this approach is associated with problems of cheek drooping, limited exposure and difficulty in making symmetry. Methods: During 8 years, we performed a reduction malarplasty without internal fixation through an minimal intraoral incision and dissection in 39 patients. Results: The patients were followed for 46 months, with satisfactory results and no cheek drooping. There was no patient who want to revise the inappropriate operative result such as asymmetry and incomplete correction. Conclusion: We conclude that minimal intraoral incision and dissection could acquire satisfactory result of reduction malarplasty along with prevention of cheek drooping.

난소절제 골다공증 모델 흰쥐의 체내 칼슘 이용성 저하에 대한 칼슘 섭취 수준의 효과 (Effect of Dietary Calcium Levels on the Reduction of Calcium Availability in Ovariectomized Osteoporosis Model Rats)

  • 오주환
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • 제26권3호
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    • pp.277-285
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    • 1993
  • To investigate the effects of dietary calcium levels on the Ca metabolism in a rat model of ovariectomized osteoporosis, two studies were conducted. In Expt. I, five week-old femalc rats ovariectomized and fed a low Ca diet(0.06% Ca) for four weeks were compared with rats fed a normal (0.53% Ca) or low Ca diet under the sham-operated condition. Ovariectomized rats showed a significant increase in body weight and food intake. In rats fed the low Ca diet, a remarkable decrease was shown regardless of ovariectomy in serum Ca concentration, breaking force of bones, Ca and phopsphrus contents of bones, and apparent absorption and retention of Ca. Furthermore hte decrease of Ca contents of serum and bones in rats ovariectomized and fed the low Ca diet was similar to that in rats model of postmenopausal osteoporosis. In Expt. II, rats ovariectomized and fed on the low Ca diet for four weeks were divided into three groups, those given low Ca diet, normal Ca diet and high Ca diet(1.06%) respectively. The results indicated that supplementations of Ca at the intake level of 0.53% and 1.06% for 4 weeks tend to improve the relative Ca deficiency shown in experimental rat model of ovariectomized osteoporosis.

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Robot-assisted Long Bone Fractures Realignment

  • Xu, W.L.;Mukherjee, S.
    • 한국정보기술응용학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국정보기술응용학회 2005년도 6th 2005 International Conference on Computers, Communications and System
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    • pp.91-97
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    • 2005
  • Bones are dynamic structures, being supported by muscles, tendons, and ligaments. When some or all the structures are disturbed i.e. in fractures, the alignment of the bone in respect to the rest of the body is deranged. This gives rise to axial as well as rotational deformity in three dimensional planes. The correct alignment and position of the long bones are to be maintained to heal the bone in the best possible anatomical and functional position. The objective of this research is to address the problems in the current practice involving surgeon, assistant, fluoroscopy and crude mechanical means and to see if a robotic solution exists to solve the problems of manipulating and reducing long bone fractures. This paper presents various design aspects of the proposed surgeon-instructed, image-guided and robotic system including the system design specification, robot design and analysis, motion control and implementation, and x-ray image processing and incorporation in CAD environment.

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Comparison Study of the Use of Absorbable and Nonabsorbable Materials as Internal Splints after Closed Reduction for Nasal Bone Fracture

  • Yi, Chang Ryul;Kim, Young Joon;Kim, Hoon;Nam, Sang Hyun;Choi, Young Woong
    • Archives of Plastic Surgery
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    • 제41권4호
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    • pp.350-354
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    • 2014
  • Background The authors sought to compare the use of the nonabsorbable polyvinyl alcohol sponge (PVA, Merocel) and absorbable synthetic polyurethane foam (SPF, Nasopore Forte plus) as intranasal splints after closed reduction of fractured nasal bones during the hospitalization period. Methods The medical records of 111 patients who underwent closed reduction for nasal bone fracture at Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, from 2012 to 2013 were reviewed retrospectively. PVA (group A) or SPF (group B) was packed as an internal splint after closed reduction. The efficacy of the materials was compared and statistically analyzed. Results PVA was used in 82 patients, and SPF was used in 29 patients. The patients in group B complained significantly more of nasal pain on the first day after operation than the patients in group A. Headaches on the operation day were significantly more painful in group B than in group A. Bleeding on the fourth postoperative day was significantly reduced in group B as compared to group A. The patients in group B exhibited significantly more intensive nasal obstruction on the operation day and the following day than the patients in group A. However, on the third and fourth postoperative days, the nasal obstruction in group B was less than that in group A. The pain and bleeding related to the packing material was significantly reduced in group B as compared to group A. Conclusions The use of SPF as an absorbable packing material is a reasonable substitute for the traditional nonabsorbable material.

Heavy Metal Concentrations in Tissues of Feral Pigeons(Columba livia) from Urban Areas in Korea

  • Nam, Dong-Ha;Han, Sang-Hee;Lee, Doo-Pyo;Koo, Tae-Hoe
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • 제25권6호
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    • pp.379-382
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    • 2002
  • The present study was to investigate Pb and Cd concentrations in tissues of feral pigeons in urban areas. The Pb levels in bones and livers did not differ between Seoul and Kwangju areas. However, there were significant differences in kidney and liver Cd concentrations between the study sites. These are thought to be a reflection of the metal exposure conditions in the local environment. In particular, metal levels from Seoul were compared with those obtained in the same area between 1991 and 2000 in terms of the long-term biomonitoring approaches. The mean Pb concentrations in bones decreased from 59.1 $\mu$g/wet g in 1991 to 29.5 $\mu$g/wet g in 2000, totaling a reduction in concentrations of approximately 50 percent. However, there were no significant differences in the liver Pb concentrations. Concentrations of Cd in livers and kidneys did not differ between 1991 and 2000.

초분, 한국 이중장제의 분석심리학적 고찰 : 부패와 뼈로의 환원을 중심으로 (CHOBUN, Understanding the Double Burial Custom in Korea from a Jungian Perspective : Focusing on Putrefaction and Reduction to Bones)

  • 조자현
    • 심성연구
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    • 제31권2호
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    • pp.113-150
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    • 2016
  • 초분은 살이 다 썩어 없어질 때까지 관에 넣은 시신을 짚으로 싸두는 초가 형태의 임시 무덤을 말한다. 모든 살이 다 없어지고 나면, 초분은 해체되고, 뼈만 추려 다시 묻는다. 이러한 방식의 초분은 따라서 처음 시신의 살을 처리하기 위한 임시 매장과 이후 남은 부분(뼈나 재)을 영구히 매장 하는 이중장제에 속한다. 초분은 사람이 잘 가지 않고, 집에서도 떨어져 있지만, 유족이 가서 돌볼 수 있는 곳을 택해 만들어지는데, 심리학적으로 이것은 지속적인 관심을 쏟을 수 있으면서도 고요히 격리될 수 있는 곳, 다시 말해 심리적인 재생이 일어나는 장소이다. 초분을 두는 기간, 일차장의 기간을 정하는데 가장 중요한 점은 뼈만 남길 때까지 기다려야 하는 기간이 얼마나 되는지, 그리하여 초분을 해체하였을 때 완전한 뼈 상태를 확인할 수 있는지와 관련된 것이다. 여기서 초분이 부패와 뼈로의 환원을 목표로 하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 부패와 새로운 생명의 탄생은 연금술 문헌에서 보듯 동시에 일어난다. 부패의 최종 목적은 육신을 영적 상태로 만들고, 그리하여 죽은 자를 다른 삶으로 들어갈 수 있게 만들어 주는 것이다. 그러기 위해서는 아주 불안정한 상태에서, 부패를 견뎌내고, 썩는 냄새가 모두 사라지는 것을 기다려야 한다. 썩히는 것은 그리하여 육화된 세계, 몸을 용해시켜 없애고, 그 핵심, 열매만을 남기는 것을 목표로 한다. 부패의 과정은 자기 스스로의 오염되고 끔찍한 측면을 받아들이는 태도이며, 무력하고 수동적인 자세를 취함으로써, 새로운 생명이 오게하는 것이다. 원형적인 세계, 무의식은 우리가 접근하려 할 때, 종종 위협적이고 공격적인, 더러운 무엇으로 경험된다. 개성화 과정에서, 우리가 우리 정신의 이 끔찍하고 오염된 부분들을 볼 수 있는 용기를 낼 때만이, 무의식은 우리에게 새로운 영적 각성과 새로운 삶의 감각이라는 축복을 주는데, 이것이 부패가 의미하는 것이다. 뼈와 골격은 생명의 부술 수 없는, 소멸되지 않는 본질적인 요소를 상징한다. 뼈는 재생을 위한 최소 단위이자, 재생의 바탕이 되며, 여기서 새로운 생명이 자라나게 된다. 뼈의 상태로 환원은 생명의 바로 그 원천으로 돌아감을, 자궁으로 다시 들어가 심리적으로 자신의 자아중심성을 버리고, 자기가 개성화의 전 과정을 이끌도록 허용하는 것이다. 앞으로의 발달을 위해, 골격 상태로의 환원의 어려운 과정을 겪는 것은, 자아의 죽음의 선언이며, 그 목적은 자신을 썩기 쉽고 덧없는 살과 피, 육신에서 해방시키고, 전체로서의 영적인 갱신, 생명의 불멸의 요소를 얻기 위함이다. 초분은 또한 식물의 순환에서 해마다 보이는 부패와 생명의 부활을 보여준다. 초분에서는 이러한 식물의 순환의 상징이 다른 일반적인 한국 전통 상장례에서보다 명확하고 강하게 드러나는데, 죽음에도 살아남는 생명의 부분을 식물의 상징을 통해 경험하게 한다. 초분과 관련된 식물은 죽음 후의 생명의 지속성, 심리적으로 말해, 자기의 존재를 말한다. 초분에서 드러나는 풍부한 식물의 이미지들은, 모든 것이 사라진 죽음의 상태 너머에 존재하는 생명의 존재와 관련되어 있으며, 심리학적으로 우리의 삶에 정신에 끝없는 에너지를 공급하는 영원히 존재하며 의식을 다시 태어나게 하고 새롭게 하는 자기의 존재를 이야기한다.

외고정법을 이용한 컴퓨터이용 및 로봇지원 골절수술 및 골변형교 정술에 대한 연구 (Research on Computer-aided and Robotic-assisted Surgery of Fracture Reduction and Bone Deformity Correction under External fixation)

  • 김윤혁
    • 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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    • pp.131-134
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    • 2005
  • This paper presents a computer-aided simulation and robotic-assisted execution technology of external fixation method to achieve fracture reduction and deformity correction in long bones. Combining the kinematic analysis with a graphic model of the tibia and the fixator allowed 3D simulation and visualization of the adjustments required to reduce fracture or correct bone deformity as a pre-operative planning tool. The developed robot model provided accurate deformity correction with small residual deformity based on the results of the planning. By incorporating the robot model with image-guided system and computer-aided planning, the integrated system could be useful for computer-aided pre-operative planning and robotic-assisted execution in fracture treatment and bone deformity surgery.

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고관절을 이루는 골격의 골절 환자의 통증 감소에 대한 한의학적 치료 효과 : 후향적 관찰연구 (Effect of Korean Medicine Treatments for Pain Reduction in Patients with Hip Fracture : A Retrospective Observational Study)

  • 김남훈;오민석
    • 동의생리병리학회지
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    • 제34권5호
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    • pp.263-268
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    • 2020
  • The aim of this study was to observe the effectiveness of Korean Medicine treatments on pain reduction of patients who were diagnosed hip fracture - Acetabulum and Proximal Femur. We reviewed the 17 patients' records who had admitted to Daejeon Korean Medical hospital and diagnosed fracture of acetabulum or proximal femur bones from January 1, 2011 to April 30, 2020 during the admission retrospectively. Statistical analysis was done using the IBM SPSS statistics 25 program. We measured Numeric Rating Scale to evaluate the treatment's efficacy. Korean Medicine treatments reduced median of Numeric Rating Scale reduced statistically significantly from 6.00 to 3.00(p<0.05). During the admission, patients didn't experience the side effects of Korean Medicine treatments. In conclusion, these results implied that Korean medicine treatments showed a positive effect on pain reduction of hip fracture patients. Further research is required to confirm the effectiveness of Korean Medicine treatments.