• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제9권1_2호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1994

Nerve conduction impairment in lead neuropathy has been empirically linked to altered nerve myo-inositol metabolism. In most cases of neuropathy, abnormal myo-inositol metabolism is associated with abnormal $Na^+/K^+$ATPase provides a potential mechanism to relate defects of the myo-inositol metabolism in the peripheral nerve treated with lead. Therefore, the effect of lead on the rat sciatic nerve $Na^+/K^+$ATPase and other ATPase of sciatic nerve was studied. ATPase activity was measured enzymatically in sciatic nerve homogenates from 2-wk lead treated neuropathy rats and age-mached controls administered myo-inositol. $Na^+/K^+$ATPase components were assessed by ouabain inhibition or the omission of sodium and potassium ions. Lead reduced 50% reduction in the $Na^+/K^+$ATPase activity in homogenates of sciatic nerve. The 50% reduction in the $Na^+/K^+$ ATPase activity was selectively prevented by myo-inositol treatment. This study suggests that the toxic mechanism of the lead on peripheral nerve may be through reduction in $Na^+/K^+$ATPase activity which has been linked to axonal transport slowing in the rat model of lead neuropathy, via direct changes by the perturbation of the intracelluar sodium or potasium level.

• 대한임상전기생리학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2011

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of a core stability exercise program using Swiss Ball on muscle activity, muscle thickness, maximum muscular strength, and pain in the trunk region during a 6-weeks program involving participants who have lower back pain. Methods : A total of 21 males between the ages of 20 and 33 years old were divided into 3 Swiss Ball exercise groups. Group 1 performed isometric exercises, group 2 performed isotonic exercises, and group 3 performed mixed exercises. Measurements were taken prior to starting the exercise program and after completing the program at the 6-week period using ME6000 to measure muscle activity and VAS to measure pain reduction. Comparisons were made using a paired t-test and ANOVA on SPSS 10.0. Results : There was a statistically significant effect in muscle activity for group 1 and group 3. Secondly, there was a statistically significant effect in pain reduction for group 1, group 2, and group 3. Conclusion : We found that isometric exercises performed by group 1 were effective in improving muscle activity and pain reduction.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.827-832
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to scientifically proof possibility of development of natural dye which has antimicrobial activity with Chelidonium majus var. asiaticum. For that silk fabrics dyed with Chelidonium majus var. asiaticum extracts were tested for anti-microbial activity. Bacterials used for test of anti-microbial activity were Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 4352 and Trichophyton mentagrophytes IFO 5466. The results of experiment were as follows ; 1. The more the number of times of dyeing increase the more value of K/S increased. 2. Reduction of bacterium against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 of silk fabrics dyed with Chelidonium majus var. asiaticum extracts was 99.9% without reference to the number of times of dyeing. 3. Reduction of bacterium against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 of silk fabrics dyed with Chelidonium majus var. asiaticum extracts was 99.9% after irradiation of 20 hour without reference to the number of times of dyeing. 4. Reduction of bacterium against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 of silk fabrics dyed with Chelidonium majus var. asiaticum extracts was over 94.8% after dry cleaning. As above silk fabrics dyed with Chelidonium majus var. asiaticum extracts were acquired a high anti-microbial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538.

• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제47권7호
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• pp.454-459
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• 2009

In order to commercialize Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell (PEFC), the cathode catalyst such as Platinum supported Carbon (Pt/C) need to have a high activity of Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR). In this study, the 20% Pt/C was synthesized using the chemical reduction method while the crystallinity of Platinum (Pt) particles were controlled under heat treatment conditions. The activity of synthesized Pt catalysts was evaluated using electrochemical measurement. Compared with the $i_{ORR}$ at 0.8 V of 20% Pt/C heat-treated at $500^{\circ}C$ and the 20% Pt/C that were not heated and commercial 20% Pt/C, the $i_{ORR}$ at 0.8 V of 20% Pt/C heattreated at $500^{\circ}C$ was 9.5 and 1.7 times higher than those of the 20% Pt/C and commercial 20% Pt/C that were not heated. It was considered that the crystallinity and particle size affect the ORR activity of the Pt/C catalysts.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.95-103
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• 2021

This study aims to examine the antibacterial effects of cotton and silk fabrics naturally dyed with Artemisia princeps extract on antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria. The concentrated natural dye of the Artemisia princeps extract was made at the liquor ratio of 1:10 at 40-60℃ for 60 minutes. The concentration of FeSO4·7H2O, Al2(SO4)3, and CuSO4 5H2O mordant was 3% (owf), and the liquor ratio was 1:20. In order to experiment on the antimicrobial activity of the naturally dyed fabrics, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ATCC 33591, was used by breeding it in Brain Heart Infusion Agar (BHA) containing Oxacillin (2㎍/ml), Fungizone (2.5㎍/ml), and Brain Heart Infusion broth (BHI; Detroit, MI, USA). As a result of examining the bacterial growth reduction rate on dyed cotton and silk fabrics against antibiotic-resistant strains, it was found that the copper mordant in cotton fabric shows the highest antibacterial activity with a bacterial growth reduction rate of 99.9%, and the non-mordant cotton fabric shows the lowest antibacterial activity with a reduction rate of 18.6%. In the case of the naturally dyed silk fabric, it indicates the highest reduction rate of strains in the Al mordanting (94.9%), and Cu mordanting (99.9%).

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.217-222
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• 2015

Carbon-nickel nanocomposites were prepared by the reaction of fullerene ($C_{60}$) and nickel hydroxide in an electric furnace at $700^{\circ}C$ for 2 h. The hybrid carbon-nickel nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The kinetics and catalytic activity of the carbon-nickel nanocomposites in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol were confirmed by UV-vis spectroscopy.

• 약학회지
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.307-310
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• 2003

Ethanol extract of Actinidia polygama Max. (AP) was examined for hypouricemic activity in potassium oxonateinduced hyperuricemic animal model. Ethanol extract of AP lowered the plasma uric acid level by 20％ when compared to the hyperuricemic control group. AP ether fraction at a dose of 100 mg/kg showed 27％ reduction, whose efficacy was comparable to the probenecid-treated group. AP ether fraction-treated group also showed 23％ reduction of urate in urine and this result suggests that AP ether fraction has anti-gout activity probably due to xanthine oxidase inhibition.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2010

In this study, we have demonstrated the fine structure effect of PdCo electrocatalyst on oxygen reduction reaction activity with different alloy composition and heat-treatment time. In order to identify the intrinsic factors for the electrocatalytic activity, various X-ray analyses were used, including inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometer, and X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy technique. In particular, extended X-ray absorption fine structure was employed to extract the structural parameters required for understanding the atomic distribution and alloying extent, and to identify the corresponding simulated structures by using FEFF8 code and IFEFFIT software. The electrocatalytic activity of PdCo alloy nanoparticles for the oxygen reduction reaction was evaluated by using rotating disk electrode technique and correlated to the change in structural parameters. We have found that Pd-rich surface was formed on the Co core with increasing heating time over 5 hours. Such core shell structure of PdCo/C showed that a superior oxygen reduction reaction activity than pure Pd/C or alloy phase of PdCo/C electrocatalysts, because the adsorption energy of adsorbates was apparently reduced by lowering the dband center of the Pd skin due to a combination of the compressive strain effect and ligand effect.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.260-266
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• 2018

To enhance catalyst activity of the palladium (Pd) towards oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), iridium (Ir) and yttrium (Y) were alloyed by polyol method. Due to the low reduction potential of Y, it is hard to reduce Y ion completely by polyol method. In XPS spectra, the binding energy of the Pd is shifted to a lower value, which indicates the d-electron of Pd is filled by the electron from the Y. And other phases of Y are observed by the XPS. Among the catalysts, the $Pd_4IrY_{0.1}/C$ showed the best activity towards ORR, which indicates the metallic Y is effective for improving the catalytic activity. Thus, for further enhancing ORR activity, the novel method for complete reduction of Y is needed.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.249-255
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• 1999

We sdudied effect of additives on catalytic activity in thermal catalytic de-NOx process which was composed of thermal reduction, catalytic reduction and catalytic oxidation stage. Pd-Pt/${\gamma}$-$Al_2O_3$ catalysts with the addition of transition metals(Co, Cu, Fe, Ni, W, Zn, Zr) and rare earth metals(Ce, Sr) were prepared by the conventional washcoating method. Those catalysts were characterized by CO pulse chemisorption, ICP, $N_2$ adsorption, SEM and XRD. The effect of catalyst additives on NOx removal for diesel emission was studied in thermal catalytic de-NOx process at reduction temperature(350~50$0^{\circ}C$), space velocity(5,000~20,000 $hr^{-1}$) and the engine load(0~120kW). The concentraton of CO, $CO_2$, NO and $NO_2$ in the exhaust gas increased with the engine load. On the other hand the concentration of $O_2$ decreased. The de-NOx activityof all prepared catalysts increased with respect to high CO and low $O_2$ level in the thermal reduction stage of the process. Insertion of Ce to Pt-Pd/${\gamma}$-$Al_2O_3$ catalyst showed the best activity of all the catalysts under these experimental conditions. De-NOx catalysts are effective to remove CO in addition to NOx in the catalytic reduction stage.