• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.150-162
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• 2011

Purpose: Multi-drug resistant (MR) infections among intensive care unit (ICU) patients with oral intubation and a ventilator are serious nosocomial infections. This study was done to compare the effects of oral care and ventilator circuit on reduction of MR infections. Methods: A total of 92 participants were recruited from an ICU at C University Hospital in G-city, Korea, assigned to one of 4 groups and evaluated: group I received oral care with sponge and reusable circuit; group II received oral care with tooth brush and reusable circuit; group III received oral care with sponge and disposable circuit; group IV received oral care with tooth brush and disposable circuit. Results: Prevalence rate of MR infections was highest in group I (47.8%), followed by group II (30.4%), group IV (19.0%), and group III (13.6%). Of the four groups, group III showed a significantly decreased MR infections (p=.035) and higher possibility of survival rate as time passes according to survival analysis (p=.019). Conclusion: Results of this study indicate that using disposable ventilator circuit significantly decreases MR infections and raises the possibility of a higher survival rate as time passes. According to this study, the use of disposable ventilator circuit is useful in prevention of MR infections.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.425-433
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• 2013

A mass balance of process was calculated by using the analysis of basic unit and environmental assessment of all the processes of Busan fashion color industry cooperative that operates a combined heat and power plant and a bio treatment plant. The mass balance for the combined heat and power plant was done, based on boiler and water treatment processes while each unit reactor was used for the bio treatment plant. From the results above, a resource recycle network, a treatment flowchart for food waste water/wastewater treatment and a carbon reduction program were established.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.322-327
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• 2020

In this work, a study for the reduction of the electric power consumption has been estimated in main air compressors in the air separation unit through cryogenic distillation columns with PRO/II with PROVISION V10.2 at AVEVA company. Both required LNG mass flow rate and cold heat contained in 1 ton of LNG were also predicted using Peng-Robinson equation of state with Twu's new alpha function. Through this work, we concluded that 32.33-48.69% of electric power could be saved by using LNG cold heat.

• MALSORI
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• no.44
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• pp.145-156
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• 2002

This paper describes the reduction of DB without degradation of speech quality in Corpus-based Speech synthesizer of the Korean language. In this paper, it is proposed that the frequency of every unit in reduced DB reflect the frequency of units in the Korean language. So, the target population of every unit is set to be proportional to its frequency in Korean large corpus (780k sentences, 45Mega phones). Secondly, the frequent instances during synthesis should be also maintained in reduced DB. To the last, it is proposed that frequency of every instance be reflected in clustering criteria and used as another important criterion for selection of representative instances. The evaluation result with proposed methods reveals better quality than that using conventional methods.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 1998.04a
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• pp.575-581
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• 1998

The noise sources in the outdoor unit of RAC(Room Air Conditioner) are identified by the sound intensity method. The main noise sources are compressor noise and fluid noise which is caused by the fan, heat exchanger and shroud. First, the fluid noise is reduced through the design ol new fan and shroud with high flow rate and low noise, reduction of the system resistance by rearrangement of heat exchanger, and optimization of the complex parameter between the fan and shroud. Next, in order to reduce the compressor noise, the new shape of compressor mount and sound-proof material was applied. As a result, the overall noise was reduced by 4-5dB(A).

• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.195-202
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• 2001

In this paper, we show a study on how to model a phoneme of which acoustic feature is changed according to both left-hand and right-hand phonemes. For this purpose, we make a comparative study on two kinds of algorithms; a unit reduction algorithm and decision tree modeling. The unit reduction algorithm uses only statistical information while the decision tree modeling uses statistical information and Korean acoustical information simultaneously. Especially, we focus on how to model context-dependent phonemes based on decision tree modeling. Finally, we show the recognition rate when context-dependent phonemes are obtained by the decision tree modeling.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1998.06e
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• pp.377-380
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• 1998

HMM 기반의 음성 인식기를 구현하는데 있어서 모델의 복잡도와 제한된 훈련 데이터 사이의 균형을 유지하는 것은 중요한 문제이다. 중간규모 또는 대용량 어휘 인식 시스템은 정교한 모델을 얻기 위해서 문맥종속 음소 모델링이 필수적이다. 그러나, 제한된 훈련 데이터로는 발생 가능한 모든 context를 포함하기가 어렵고, 더구나 훈련 데이터에서 관찰된 context중에서도 그 관찰빈도가 낮은 것이 많아서 신뢰성 있는 문맥종속 모델들을 얻기에는 여전히 어려움이 따른다. 또한 경우에 따라서는 계산량의 감축을 위하여 모델 규모를 축소시킬 필요도 생긴다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 본 논문에서는 unit reduction 방법들과 state tying을 이용한 방법들의 성능을 실험을 통해 비교한다. 고립단어 인식 실험결과 state tying을 이용한 방법이 unit reduction에 비하여 우수함을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.493-501
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• 2006

The increase in environmental loads and energy consumptions has resulted in the need of developed new forms of energy for a sustainable use for the society. Recently, the viability of using unused energy has attracted a great deal of attention. From the view point of using unused energy, the most critical problem can be referred to as the distance between the heat source/sink and heat demand area. The water resource in the city water system was used to solve this distance problem with unused energy. The calculation method of the potential use unit was used to survey the potential of the water resource in the city water system. The amount of theoretical unused energy and energy savings in the model city were estimated using this method. It is estimated that the amounts of energy savings and $CO_2$ reduction correspond to 131.3 GWh and 29280[t-C], respectively, per annual basis.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.273-278
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• 2001

The transmission system of high speed train serve in the severe condition compared with those of other trains, namely, they have to transmit high power to run with high speed and they have to make maximum use of the limited space. To clarify the strength of gear for Korea High-speed train, a bending fatigue test is performed for the output gear of axle gear reduction unit. This paper reports the reviews of bending fatigue strength test method and the test results of output gear of axle gear reduction unit for high speed train.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.1271-1276
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• 2008

This study has explained about LED for BLU which is widely used in the kinds of display devices or lighting. It was shown that the open due to delamination were the dominant LED for BLU failure mode and mechanisms from failure analysis of LED samples. Then, we have defined failure as yellowing and 100% reduction of light output intensity of LED for BLU and acceleration factors as temperature and current in Accelerated Life Test(ALT). Finally, we have estimated the Weibull distribution, life-stress relationship, and accelerating factor is used by ALTA Software.