• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제55권6호
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• pp.1261-1278
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• 2015

Due to their low intrinsic damping, stay cables in cable-stayed bridges have often exhibited unanticipated and excessive vibrations which result in increasing maintenance frequency and disruption to normal operations of the entire bridges. Mitigation of undesired cable vibration can be achieved by attaching an external damping device near the anchorage. High Damping Rubber (HDR) dampers have many advantages such as compact size, better aesthetics, easy maintenance, temperature stability, and cost benefits; therefore, they have been widely used to increase cable damping. Although a single damper has been shown to reduce cable vibrations, it is not the most effective method due to geometric constraints. This paper proposes the use of two HDR dampers to improve effectiveness and robustness in suppressing cable vibration. Oscillation parameters of the cable-dampers system were investigated in detail by modeling the stay cable as a taut string and each HDR damper as complex-valued impedance and by using an analytical formulation of the complex eigenvalue problem. The problem of two HDR dampers arbitrarily located along a cable is solved and the solution is discussed. Asymptotic formulas to calculate the damping ratios of the cable with two HDR dampers installed near the anchorage(s) are proposed and compared with the exact solutions. Further, a design example is presented in order to justify the methodology. The results of this study show that when the two HDR dampers are installed close to each other on the same end of the cable, some interaction between the dampers leads to reduced damping ratio. When the dampers are on the opposite ends of the cable, they are effective in increasing damping ratio and can provide better vibration reduction to multiple modes.

• 한국전자거래학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.133-153
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• 2021

최근, 조직 내 중앙집중식 콘텐츠관리 체계 구축을 위한 기술적 투자가 많아지고 있다. 하지만, 높은 품질의 기술 도입은 역으로 구성원들의 기술 스트레스를 발생시켜 부정적 행동을 발생시킬 가능성이 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 기업콘텐츠관리시스템 관련 기술 스트레스의 지속적 이용 의도에 미치는 부정적 영향을 제시하고, 기술 스트레스 완화 방향을 제시하는 것이다. 본 연구는 콘텐츠관리 기술을 도입한 조직의 구성원에게 설문하였으며, 구조방정식모델링을 적용하여 가설 검증을 하였다. 분석 결과 기업콘텐츠관리시스템 관련 기술 과부하와 복잡성이 지속적 이용 의도를 감소시켰지만, 조직 내 사내 커뮤니케이션 활동이 기술 스트레스를 완화시켰으며, 개인의 업무-기술 적합성이 기술 스트레스와 지속적 이용 의도에 대한 조절 효과를 가지는 것을 확인하였다. 연구는 콘텐츠관리시스템의 이용에 있어 부정적 영향을 미치는 측면을 최소화하기 위한 조직 차원의 노력 요인을 제시한 측면에서 시사점을 가진다.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.381-397
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• 2018

Nonlinear behavior in fluid-structure interaction (FSI) of bridge decks becomes increasingly significant for modern bridges with increasing spans, larger flexibility and new aerodynamic deck configurations. Better understanding of the nonlinear aeroelasticity of bridge decks and further development of reduced-order nonlinear models for the aeroelastic forces become necessary. In this paper, the amplitude-dependent and neutral angle dependent nonlinearities of the motion-induced loads are further highlighted by series of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. An effort has been made to investigate a semi-analytical time-domain model of the nonlinear motion induced loads on the deck, which enables nonlinear time domain simulations of the aeroelastic responses of the bridge deck. First, the computational schemes used here are validated through theoretically well-known cases. Then, static aerodynamic coefficients of the Great Belt East Bridge (GBEB) cross section are evaluated at various angles of attack, leading to the so-called nonlinear backbone curves. Flutter derivatives of the bridge are identified by CFD simulations using forced harmonic motion of the cross-section with various frequencies. By varying the amplitude of the forced motion, it is observed that the identified flutter derivatives are amplitude-dependent, especially for $A^*_2$ and $H^*_2$ parameters. Another nonlinear feature is observed from the change of hysteresis loop (between angle of attack and lift/moment) when the neutral angles of the cross-section are changed. Based on the CFD results, a semi-analytical time-domain model for describing the nonlinear motion-induced loads is proposed and calibrated. This model is based on accounting for the delay effect with respect to the nonlinear backbone curve and is established in the state-space form. Reasonable agreement between the results from the semi-analytical model and CFD demonstrates the potential application of the proposed model for nonlinear aeroelastic analysis of bridge decks.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2023

Wavefront-coding imaging can achieve high-quality imaging along with a wide range of defocus. In this paper, the anti-laser detection and damage performance of wavefront-coding imaging systems using different asymmetric phase masks are studied, through modeling and simulation. Based on FresnelKirchhoff diffraction theory, the laser-propagation model of the wavefront-coding imaging system is established. The model uses defocus distance rather than wave aberration to characterize the degree of defocus of an imaging system. Then, based on a given defocus range, an optimization method based on Fisher information is used to determine the optimal phase-mask parameters. Finally, the anti-laser detection and damage performance of asymmetric phase masks at different defocus distances and propagation distances are simulated and analyzed. When studying the influence of defocus distance, compared to conventional imaging, the maximum single-pixel receiving power and echo-detection receiving power of asymmetric phase masks are reduced by about one and two orders of magnitude respectively. When exploring the influence of propagation distance, the maximum single-pixel receiving power of asymmetric phase masks decreases by about one order of magnitude and remains stable, and the echodetection receiving power gradually decreases with increasing propagation distance, until it approaches zero.

• 생태와환경
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• 제36권4호통권105호
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• pp.434-446
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• 2003

습지에서 중금속이나 방사성 물질의 성상과 이동은 전자수용체와 유기탄소를 이용하는 미생물의 대사작용의 결과로 나타나는 지질화학적 작용과 밀접한 관계를 가지고 있으며, 이러한 지질화학적반응의 공간적인 분포는 주변 환경의 특성에 의해 영향을 받게 된다. 습지에서의 이러한 현상을 수학적으로 모의하기 위하여 식물의 존재 여부에 따른 퇴적물 내에서의 중금속 거동에 대한 일반적인 수학적 모형을 개발하였다. 본 모형에서 고려되는 주요 기작은 습지에서의 침적과 식물 뿌리의 존재가 퇴적물 내 지질화학적 반응과 이송 기작 및 혼합과정에 미치는 영향 등이며, 정상상태에 관한 수식들이 퇴적물 환경의 모의에 적용되었다. 수치모의 실험의 결과에 따르면, 열거된 물리학적기작들이 미생물의 유기 탄소원 분해작용의 결과로 나타나는 일련의 전자수용체, 그에 따른 반응물, 모형에서 고려된 중금속 물질인 비소 등 퇴적물내 화학 물질들의 수직적 분포에 중요한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 본 모형에서는 특정한 생물학적 변환 과정이 열역학적으로 호의적인 영역에서만 발생하는 것으로 고려되었음에도, 비생물학적 작용과 혼합 기작에 의하여 각각의전자수용체 분포의 수직적 중첩이나 역전 등 현장에서 실제 관측되는 현상 들을 잘 모사할 수 있었다.

• 한국석유지질학회지
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• 제4권1_2호
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• pp.20-26
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• 1996

백악기 능주분지를포함한 옥천대 서부 일부지역의 지하 지질구조를 파악하기 위하여 이 지역의 항공자력 자료를 분석 및 해석하였다. 연구지역은 전라남도 무안군, 영암군, 강진군, 장흥군 및 동부 해남군 등이 포함된다. 극자료화 자력이상을 정성적 분석 및 정량적 모델링에 의해 다음과 같은 사실을 알게 되었다. :연구지역의 북서부의 나주군 동강면에서는 대자율이 작은 선캠브리아기의 편마암과 백악기의 불국사 화강암이 분포되어 있다. 그러나 자력이상을 설명하기 위해서는 이들 암석이 지하 깊숙히에서 대자율이 큰 반암에 의해 관입되어 있는 상태를 가정해야만 한다 능주퇴적분지를 동서로 가르는 단면 자력 자료를 모델링한 결과에 의하면 분지의 북부는 남부보다 그 깊이가 더 깊고 최고 깊이가 $3\cal{km}$ 정도 된다. 분지의 기저부는 서부쪽이 동부쪽보다 경사가 더 급하다. 능주분지의 퇴적암의 대자율이 크게 나타나는 점으로 미루어보아 상당한 양의 화산 암류가 포함되어 있을 것으로 유추된다. 이러한 사실은 능주분지에 석유 또는 천연가스의 부존 가능성을 배제한다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2012년도 제42회 동계 정기 학술대회 초록집
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• pp.241-241
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• 2012

Semiconductor industry has been taking the advantage of improvements in process technology in order to maintain reduced device geometries and stringent performance specifications. This results in semiconductor manufacturing processes became hundreds in sequence, it is continuously expected to be increased. This may in turn reduce the yield. With a large amount of investment at stake, this motivates tighter process control and fault diagnosis. The continuous improvement in semiconductor industry demands advancements in process control and monitoring to the same degree. Any fault in the process must be detected and classified with a high degree of precision, and it is desired to be diagnosed if possible. The detected abnormality in the system is then classified to locate the source of the variation. The performance of a fault detection system is directly reflected in the yield. Therefore a highly capable fault detection system is always desirable. In this research, time series modeling of the data from an etch equipment has been investigated for the ultimate purpose of fault diagnosis. The tool data consisted of number of different parameters each being recorded at fixed time points. As the data had been collected for a number of runs, it was not synchronized due to variable delays and offsets in data acquisition system and networks. The data was then synchronized using a variant of Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) algorithm. The AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model was then applied on the synchronized data. The ARIMA model combines both the Autoregressive model and the Moving Average model to relate the present value of the time series to its past values. As the new values of parameters are received from the equipment, the model uses them and the previous ones to provide predictions of one step ahead for each parameter. The statistical comparison of these predictions with the actual values, gives us the each parameter's probability of fault, at each time point and (once a run gets finished) for each run. This work will be extended by applying a suitable probability generating function and combining the probabilities of different parameters using Dempster-Shafer Theory (DST). DST provides a way to combine evidence that is available from different sources and gives a joint degree of belief in a hypothesis. This will give us a combined belief of fault in the process with a high precision.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.5096-5110
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• 2015

본 연구는 치료레크리에이션 프로그램 참가에 따른 치매노인의 뇌파 변화가 우울감 및 수면장애와 삶의 질에 미치는 효과를 실증적으로 규명하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 대전광역시 소재 치매요양센터 및 시립노인전문병원에 입원 중인 65세 이상의 남 녀 노인 중 3개월간 규칙적인 치료레크리에이션 프로그램에 참가한 집단을 실험집단으로 그리고 특정한 치료레크리에이션 프로그램에 참가하지 않은 집단을 통제집단으로 선정하였으며, 참가 사전과 사후의 뇌파 변화와 우울감, 수면장애 및 삶의 질 수준을 측정하였다. 실험집단과 참가하지 않는 통제집단에 각각 20명씩 전체 40명을 연구대상으로 하였으나, 프로그램 참여 후 탈락되는 대상으로 인해 실험집단 14명, 통제집단 18명으로 최종 분석 대상이 되었다. 자료 분석의 주된 통계적 방법은 SPSS Version 17.0과 AMOS 7.0을 이용하여 공변량분석(ANCOVA)과 구조방정식모형분석(Analysis of Structural Equation Modeling)을 이용하여 인과관계를 분석하였다. 이러한 연구방법을 통하여 도출한 결과는 첫째, 치료레크리에이션 프로그램 참가는 노인의 뇌파, 우울감 및 수면장애와 삶의 질에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤으며, 둘째, 치료레크리에이션 프로그램 참가에 따른 뇌파의 변화는 우울감 및 수면장애와 삶의 질 간에 인과관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제20권12호
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• pp.1647-1661
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• 2011

The Government had devised legislation of Special Act and drew up guidelines for improving air quality in Seoul Metropolitan area. In 2007 local government of Seoul, Incheon and Gyeonggi conducted the results of application policy by reduced air pollutants emission for the first time. Although there was reduction of air pollutant emission in each local government, it was ineffective as expected using air pollution monitoring database. Therefore we worked out a way to prepare modeling input data using the results of enforcement plan. And we simulated surface $NO_2$ and PM10 before and after decrease in air pollutants emission and examine reduction effects of air pollution according to enforcement regulation except other influence, by using MM5-SMOKE-CMAQ system. Each local government calculated the amount of emission reduction under application policy, and we developed to prepare input data so as to apply to SMOKE system using emission reduction of enforcement plan. Distribution factor of emission reduction were classified into detailed source and fuel codes using code mapping method in order to allocate the decreased emission. The code mapping method also included a way to allocate spatial distribution by CAPSS distribution. According to predicted result using the reduction of NOx emission, $NO_2$ concentration was decreased from 19.1 ppb to 18.0 ppb in Seoul. In Gyeonggi and Incheon $NO^2$ concentrations were down to 0.65 ppb and 0.68 ppb after application of enforcement plan. PM10 concentration was reduced from 18.2 ${\mu}g/m^3$ to 17.5 ${\mu}g/m^3$ in Seoul. In Gyeonggi PM10 concentration was down to 0.51 ${\mu}g/m^3$ and in Incheon PM10 concentration was decreased about 0.47 ${\mu}g/m^3$ which was the lower concentration than any other cities.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.75-82
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• 2016

In this paper, we developed a 3D printing system using a photo-curing resin in order to reduce the surface roughness of a sculpture produced with the 3D printer. Using the pattern of the resulting variable thickness, that gave rise to a stepped shape, and the area error of the photo-curable sculpture, a study was carried out for the process to reduce the surface roughness. At a given value of stage velocity (40~70 mm/s) and output air pneumatic pressure (20~60 kPa), the minimum pattern thickness of the pattern was achieved $65{\mu}m$ and the maximum pattern thickness of up to $175{\mu}m$. To increases the pattern resolution to about $40{\mu}m$, the process conditions should be optimized. 3D surface Nano profiler was used to find the surface roughness of the sculpture that was measured to be minimum $4.7{\mu}m$ and maximum $8.7{\mu}m$. The maximum surface roughness was reduced about $1.2{\mu}m$ for the maximum thickness of the pattern. In addition, a FDM was used to fabricate the same sculpture and its surface roughness measurements were also taken for comparison with the one fabricated using photo-curing. Same process conditions were used for both fabrication setups in order to perform the comparison efficiently. The surface roughness of the photo-curable sculpture is $5.5{\mu}m$ lower than the sculpture fabricated using FDM. A certain circuit patterns was formed on the laminated surface of the photo-curable sculpture while there was no stable pattern on the laminated surface of the FDM based sculpture the other hand.