• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.657-677
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• 2015

본 연구는 3가지 상태 threshold 벡터오차수정모형(three-regime threshold vector error correction model)을 활용하여 WTI, Brent, Dubai 등 세계 3대 마커(marker)원유의 현물 유가 간 비선형 동적조정 과정에 대해 분석하였다. 이를 위하여 2000년 1월 3일부터 2014년 12월 31일까지의 일별가격을 이용하였으며 WTI가 급격히 하락하기 시작한 2010년을 기준으로 전기와 후기로 구분하여 WTI-Brent와 WTI-Dubai 그리고 Brent-Dubai의 세 조합에 대해 실증분석하였다. 전기에는 세 조합 모두 양 시장 간 비선형적 동적조정이 이루어지고 있으나, 후기에서는 WTI-Brent를 제외한 WTI-Dubai 조합과 Brent-Dubai 조합에서만 비선형적 동적조정과정이 이루어지고 있는 것이 관찰되었다. 또한 WTI-Dubai 조합과 Brent-Dubai 조합에 대해 전기와 후기의 거래비용 추정결과를 보면 후기에서 시장 간의 거래비용이 전기에 비해 축소되었음을 확인하였다.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.97-105
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• 2012

본 연구는 음식물류 폐기물의 처리과정에서 발생하는 음식물류 폐수를 생활폐기물 소각시설에서 생활폐기물과 음식물류폐수를 혼합하여 소각처리 방법과 소각시 음식물류 폐수를 이용한 질소산화물 제거 및 배출가스의 영향등을 조사하였다. 해양투기용으로 발생된 음식물류폐기물 폐수는 성상이 94-96%의 함수율을 갖고 있다. 음식물류폐기물 폐수를 주입하였을 때 소각로 출구 온도는 $897^{\circ}C$이였으며, 평상시는 $925^{\circ}C$로 약 $28^{\circ}C$도 떨어졌다. 음식물류폐기물 폐수를 각각 $200{\ell}/hr$, $300{\ell}/hr$ 투입시 질소산화물의 평균배출농도는 각각 50ppm, 46ppm 이었다. 연관식 폐열보일러는 음식물류 폐수의 투입량이 많을수록 튜브 막힘 현상이 있었으며, 막힘 튜브는 압축공기를 이용한 튜브 청소로 원상태를 유지 할 수 있어 연속적 소각에는 방해가 되지 않았다. 유기성 폐기물인 음식물류 폐수의 자원화 처리방법과 더불어 기존 소각시설을 이용한 소각처리가 육상처리의 한 방법으로 자리매김 할 수 있으며, 소각시 배출가스의 질소산화물이 제거됨으로써 질소산화물 제거용 암모니아, 요소수 등 화학약품비용 절감하는 효과도 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.199-234
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• 2012

기술로드맵 (Technology RoadMap: TRM)은 전략적 기술기획 및 관리를 위한 필수적인 도구이다. 최근 급속한 기술변화와 시장경쟁의 심화로 인해 TRM은 점차 중요시되고 있는데, 이는 TRM이 기업의 전략적 목적과 기술을 연계함으로써 장기적으로 필요한 기술들을 확보하기 위한 일종의 지도 역할을 하기 때문이다. 그러나 TRM을 개발하고 유지하기 위해서는 기술 전문가의 정성적 노력에 따른 많은 비용과 시간이 수반됨으로 인해, 기술문서의 자동화된 분석을 통해 TRM 개발 생산성을 높이는 방법에 대한 연구가 기업과 정부기관들의 최근 주요 관심사 중의 하나이다. 비록 TRM 개발을 위해 키워드 기반의 접근방법 (Keyword-based Patent Analysis)이 제시된 바 있으나, 이 방법은 미리 정의된 키워드의 출현정보에만 기반하므로 기술요소들간의 명시적 연관관계를 담지 못한다. 즉, 키워드 기반의 접근은 기술의 목적, 구성, 효과 (Objective, Structure, Effect: OSE)에 대한 정보를 제공하지 못하기 때문에 기술로드맵핑 시 기술정보의 활용성 측면에서 한계점을 지닌다. 이에, 본 연구는 기능 (Function) 기반의 접근법을 활용한 기술로드맵핑 방법을 제시한다. 기능이란 기술의 OSE 정보를 담고 있으며 Subject-Action-Object (SAO) 구조로 표현될 수 있기 때문에, 본 연구에서 제시되는 방법은 기술문서의 자연어처리분석을 통해 기술의 OSE 정보를 추출하여 TRM을 개발할 수 있도록 한다. 본 연구의 방법을 연구개발 기획단계에 적용함으로써, TRM 개발에 따른 비용과 시간의 절감이 가능하며, 제품이나 기술 OSE에 대한 연구개발 기획전문가의 시야를 넓혀 보다 효과적인 의사결정이 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.1-28
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• 2007

The success of new product development is a key factor for getting competitive advantages. Marketing research has been investigating marketing capability, manufacturing technical capability, cross-functional integration, market knowledge competence, market orientation, and competitive environment as the key success factors of new product development. Recently, the role of IT infrastructure in enhancing new product advantage is assumed in the literature. However, the empirical studies on the role of IT infrastructure are lacking. The purpose of this study is to empirically exam the impacts of IT infrastructure on new product competitive advantage. In this study, IT infrastructure is conceptualized as the flexibility of IT infrastructure. Based on previous research, a conceptual model is established by incorporating the direct impact of IT infrastructure flexibility and its indirect impact through the key success factors on new product development. To empirically test the research model, data are surveyed from a pair of IS department and Marketing department of 92 consumer goods manufacturers. By employing PLS technique, the measurement reliability and reliability of research variables are tested and the path analysis is conducted to do the hypothesis testing. The path analysis shows that IT infrastructure flexibility has no direct effect on new product advantage, However, the indirect effect of IT infrastructure is found, which is mediated by marketing capability, manufacturing technical capability, cross-functional integration, and market orientation respectively. Hence, The flexible IT infrastructure increases cross-functional integration (H1), market orientation (H3), marketing capability (H5), and manufacturing technical capability (H6). All success factors of new product development excepts for competitive environment have a positive association with new product competitive advantages (from H10 to H14). Finally, the path from IT infrastructure flexibility to cross-functional integration, to market orientation, to market knowledge capability, and to new product advantage is found as the strongest path. These results indicate that the flexible IT infrastructure enhances information sharing with multiple departments and collaboration within a distributed innovation environment. The collaboration among departments positively affects the level of customer and competitor intelligence. The ability to obtain knowledge about customers and competitors makes firms to adapt to a changing environment quickly and to respond to customers' demands adequately. The flexible IT infrastructure also enhances the capability of organization to more rapidly respond to the changes in product design resulting in faster product development and reduced costs. In addition to, it enhances marketing capability by the two-way communications with customers and the analyses of various kinds of customer data. In brief, the finding of this study suggests that the flexible IT infrastructure allows many firms to pursue sustained new product competitive advantages. This study advances research on IT infrastructure in two important aspects. First, by Integrating marketing research and IS research, this study develops a conceptual model on the role of IT infrastructure in enhancing new product advantage. Second, it empirically finds the indirect impacts of IT infrastructure on new product advantage, which confirms the potential for the IS field to contribute to new product development research. The limitations of this study are also discussed to provide research directions for future research.

• 한국공간정보시스템학회 논문지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.119-130
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• 2005

공간 데이터 웨어하우스는 공간정보를 주제 중심적이고 통합적이며 시간성을 가지는 비 휘발성 자료로 저장하여 의사결정을 효율적으로 지원하는 시스템이다. 이 시스템은 구축기와 공간 데이터 웨어하우스 서버로 구성되어 있다. 공간 데이터 웨어하우스 서버는 구축기에서 전송된 데이터를 적재하기 위해 사용자 서비스를 정지하고, 사용자의 빠른 응답시간을 위해 적재된 데이터로 색인을 구축한다. 색인 구축을 위한 기존 기법에는 벌크 삽입 기법과 색인 전송 기법이 있다. 벌크 삽입 기법은 색인을 구축하기 위한 클러스터링 비용이 크며 검색 성능도 떨어진다. 색인 전송 기법은 주기적인 소스 데이터의 변경을 지원하지 않는 문제점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 공간 데이터 웨어하우스에서의 부분 색인을 이용한 효율적인 색인 재구축 기법을 제안한다. 제안 기법은 부분 색인을 직접 전송, 기록하며 물리적 위치 정보를 예상하여 기록할 수 있는 효율적인 색인 재구축 기법이다. 구축기에서 추출된 데이터를 공간의 근접도가 아닌 색인의 구조에 맞게 클러스터링하며, 생성된 각 클러스터를 부분 색인으로 구성하여 페이지 단위로 전송한다. 공간 데이터 웨어하우스 서버에서는 전송된 부분 색인을 저장하기 위해 물리적으로 연속된 공간을 예약하고 예약된 공간에 부분 색인을 기록한다. 기록된 부분 색인을 공간 데이터 웨어하우스 서버의 기 구축된 색인에 삽입함으로써 색인 재구축을 위한 검색, 분할, 재조정 비용이 최소화된다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.43-61
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• 2017

The wetlands are facing environmental changes such as desiccation that occurs with the passage of time and reduced ecosystem services from wetlands in the city. In order to maintain the ecosystem services provided by wetlands in urban areas, a system thinking about the trade-off phenomenon of ecosystem services occurring as the wetlands undergo environmental changes is needed. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop strategies for wetland design using system thinking approach to enhance the resilience of ecosystem services degraded by the desiccation of wetlands and other disturbances. The objectives of this study include the system boundary and variables. Second, analyzing the dynamics of wetland design strategy. Third, it analyzes the trade-off phenomenon of ecosystem services in terms of the hydrology, hydric soil, and plants strategies to mitigate these effects. Fourth, wetland basic design to improve the resilience of ecosystem services. A wetland in Abuk-Mountain Neighborhood Park, Miryang-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, has been selected as a case study. Causal loop diagrams(CLDs) are used to analyze feedback in the wetland regime. In summary, hydrology, hydric soil, and plants is suggested as system boundaries to design plan. Design strategies for the wetland focused on robustness, redundancy, rapidity, and resourcefulness as a result of CLD analysis are first proposed in order to effectively maintain the wetland regime over the long term. Secondly, in a section related to hydrology, the CLD results show the trade-offs between provisioning-cultural services and regulating services. In order to control these services, a "water cycling system" has been implemented due to its strength in terms of robustness. The CLDs for hydric soil showed the trade-offs between regulating services and supporting services. An "installation of storm drainage for maintaining water levels" was selected due to the strength offered in terms of redundancy and rapidity. The CLDs for plants showed the trade-offs between provisioning - cultural services and regulating services. In order to control the strategic points, the "planting of indigenous vegetation" was suggested given the strength in terms of redundancy. In this study, a wetland design method is proposed that can improve the resilience of wetland ecosystem services by analyzing the dynamics overtime. The results of this research can theoretically be applied to help restore ecosystem services in wetlands using ecological landscape design. In addition, this study will contribute to reducing maintenance costs by improving wetland resilience.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.198-208
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• 1992

Recently, a nursery mat made from rock wool has realized transplanting of the younger seedlings with the ordinary transplanting machines for Chibyo and Chubyo(3 and 4～5 leaved seedling, respectively). The seedlings defined as the 'Nyubyo' or 'Nursling seedlings' became possible to achieve economic profits from the reduction in both working time and costs. It being widely noticed as a strategy to solve the difficulties in current rice cultivation. The nursling seedlings are 1.4 to 2.5 leaves and height at 4.5 to 7cm, grown 4 to 7 days after seeding. They maintain still up to 50 to 80% of their nutrients in the endosperm, and can grow by using only their own nutrients for a certain period of time after transplanting. Nursling seedlings take 2 days in the nursery chamber at 32$^{\circ}C$ after seeding, and 2 days in the greening house at $25^{\circ}C$. This is only 4 days, all together, to make the nursling seedlings of 1.5 leaves which are ready for transplanting. Watering is only needed once at the sowing time. It only takes 1 or 2 waterings even to raise a seedlings for a period of 7 days. The number of nursery boxes can be reduced because it is possible to sow more densely(220 to 240g per box), thus it only needs seedlings of 15 to 16 boxes per 10 a which leads to a reduction in facilities and space needed. Temperature during the nursery period can be artificially adjusted more precisely which may lead to the prevention of temperature stress. The nursling seedlings can root rapid by because the crown roots from the coleoptile node begin to emerge immediately after transplanting. They show strong resistance to low temperature (12$^{\circ}C$) and deep-planting. There is no danger in the rooting of the seedlings even if half of their height is buried into the soil. Moreover, it can root at a rate of up to 65 to 80% even if the full height of the seedlings is buried. They show also strong resistance to submergence (10～15cm). The nursling seedlings tend to grow by producing tillers from lower nodes. It is therefore, necessary to control to keep the proper numbers of tillers per unit area. They have no fear in the delay of heading and their yield components can be so well balanced that the same level of yield was achieved with the nursling seedlings compared to that with Chibyo. It was further suggested that if the surplus tillers can be avoided by such cultivation practices, the number of grain per panicle can be kept greater and higher yield can be realized. Practical experiments with the nursling seedlings conducted in 1989 and 1990 by farmers in various areas showed exciting results. The nursling seedlings will become widely spread, or at least occupy an important position in Japanese and also in Korean rice cultivation techniques.tivation techniques.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.414-420
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• 2014

This study was performed to increase the yield and to reduce the processing times for the preparation to improve the productivity and quality of rice jochung, a traditional food in Korea. In order to evaluate the quality characteristics and yield of jochung, the viscosity, color value, mineral contents and the sensory evaluation were measured. Jochung is prepared from steamed rice (STR), wet-milled rice flour (WRF) and dry-milled rice flour (DRF) by processing methods of rice and reacting times (6 hours or 13 hours) of liquefaction and saccharification. There is commonly added liquefying enzyme for rice liquefaction (0.4%/10 kg rice, at $85{\sim}90^{\circ}C$ for 1 hour or 4 hours) and saccharogenic enzyme with malt (2.5% or 4.5%/10 kg rice, at $56{\sim}60^{\circ}C$ for 5 hours or 9 hours). The inner structural properties of WRF showed the more distinct shape regular structure of uncombined starch particles but the DRF closely maintained particles of rice flour observed by SEM. If processing times for liquefation and saccharification were reduced from 13 hours to 6 hours, the yield of jochungs prepared with WRF increased 8%, the DRF 7%, and the STR 3% respectively and the sensory evaluation as well as color values and overall desirability received high scores. The viscosity, color a and b values of jochung processed with WRF for 6 hours were lower than that processed for 13 hours. The viscosity and color a, b value and Ca content were decreased in the jochung processed with WRF or DRF for 6 hours, but Mg, P and K were increased than that of STR. Jochung processed by 0.4% liquefying enzyme and 2.5% malt with WRF for 6 hours will increase the yield, save manufacturing times and costs and will thereby enable cost-effective techniques.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.28-40
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• 2000

기업의 환경이 날로 복잡해지고 치열해짐에 따라 기업에서는 정보통신기술을 전략적으로 활용하여 경영혁신을 추진하고 있다. 특히 기업 간의 반복적인 거래업무가 빈번할 경우 기존의 서류교환방식으로는 급증하는 문서관리비용, 재고비용 등을 감당하기 어려울 뿐만 아니라 고객의 요구에 신속하게 반응하지 못하는 문제가 대두되었다. 이에 기존의 서류교환방식에서 전자적 문서거래방식 즉, EDI로 전환함으로써 업무혁신을 추구하는 사례가 급증하고 있다. 이러한 EDI는 기본적으로 기업 간 거래문서의 표준화, 통신프로토콜의 표준화를 요구하지만 EDI를 활용하는 기업의 급증과 통신기술의 비약적인 발전에 의해 이러한 문제점을 개선하고 최근에는 조달업무, 무역, 운송, 보험, 금융 등의 다양한 분야에서 활용되고 있다. 본 연구는 전자상거래의 여러 가지 유형 중에서 기업간 전자상거래(Business-to-Business EC)에 관심을 두고 있다. 특히 기업간 전자상거래의 통신프로토콜 중의 하나인 전자문서교환(EDI) 방식에 초점을 맞추고 있다. 거래의 관계특성이 EDI를 도입한 기업의 성과에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 보고 있다. 기존의 EDI 관련 연구에서는 거래당사자들간의 정보교환에 의한 비용절감, 내부운영향상 등과 같은 성과에만 초점을 맞추어 왔다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 거래의 관계특성, 즉 의사소통, 신뢰, 갈등, 그리고 몰입간의 관계를 알아보고. 이러한 관계특성이 조직적 성과에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 검증하고 있다. 분석결과를 살펴보면, 거래상대방과의 의사소통이 원활하게 이루어질수록 거래상대방에 대한 신뢰와 EDI에의 몰입이 증가하는 것으로 나타났고, EDI에의 몰입수준이 높을수록 EDI에 의한 조직적 성과가 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 신뢰의 경우 비록 가설은 기각되었지만 성과에 간접적으로 미미하게 영향을 미치는 것으로 예측할 수 있다. 반면 거래의 관계특성 중에서 갈등의 경우에는 연구자가 예상했던 것과는 달리 모든 가설이 기각되었다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2013년도 제44회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.588-588
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• 2013

Nanoscale noble-metals have attracted enormous attention from researchers in various fields of study because of their unusual optical properties as well as novel chemical properties. They have possible uses in diverse applications such as devices, transistors, optoelectronics, information storages, and energy converters. It is well-known that nanoparticles of noble-metals such as silver and gold show strong absorption bands in the visible region due to their surface-plasmon oscillation modes of conductive electrons. Silver nanocubes stand out from various types of Silver nanostructures (e.g., spheres, rods, bars, belts, and wires) due to their superior performance in a range of applications involvinglocalized surface plasmon resonance, surface-enhanced Raman scattering, and biosensing. In addition, extensive efforts have been devoted to the investigation of Gold-based nanocomposites to achieve high catalytic performances and utilization efficiencies. Furthermore, as the catalytic reactivity of Silver nanostructures depends highly on their morphology, hollow Gold nanoparticles having void interiors may offer additional catalytic advantages due to their increased surface areas. Especially, hollow nanospheres possess structurally tunable features such as shell thickness, interior cavity size, and chemical composition, leading to relatively high surface areas, low densities, and reduced costs compared with their solid counterparts. Thus, hollow-structured noblemetal nanoparticles can be applied to nanometer-sized chemical reactors, efficient catalysts, energy-storage media, and small containers to encapsulate multi-functional active materials. Silver nanocubes dispersed in water have been transformed into Ag@Au nanoboxes, which show highly enhanced catalytic properties, by adding $HAuCl_4$. By using this concept, $SiO_2$-coated Ag@Au nanoboxes have been synthesized via galvanic replacement of $SiO_2$-coated Ag nanocubes. They have lower catalytic ability but more stability than Ag@Au nanoboxes do. Thus, they could be recycled. $SiO_2$-coated Ag@Au nanoboxes have been found to catalyze the degradation of 4-nitrophenol efficiently in the presence of $NaBH_4$. By changing the amount of the added noble metal salt to control the molar ratio Au to Ag, we could tune the catalytic properties of the nanostructures in the reduction of the dyes. The catalytic ability of $SiO_2$-coated Ag@Au nanoboxes has been found to be much more efficient than $SiO_2$-coated Ag nanocubes. Catalytic performances were affected noteworthily by the metals, sizes, and shapes of noble-metal nanostructures.