• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2012년도 제42회 동계 정기 학술대회 초록집
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• pp.597-597
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• 2012

A simple solution-based method is developed to deposit crystalline ultrathin (2 nm) nickel hydroxide on vertically grown ZnO nanowires to achieve high specific capacitance and long-term life for flexible and wearable energy storage devices. Ultrathin crystalline $Ni(OH)_2$ enables fast and reversible redox reaction to improve the specific capacitance by utilizing maximum number of active sites for the redox reaction while vertically grown ZnO nanowires on wearable textile fiber effectively transport electrolytes and shorten the ion diffusion path. Under the highly flexible state $Ni(OH)_2$ coated ZnO nanowires electrode shows a high specific capacitance of 2150 F/g (based on pristine $Ni(OH)_2$ in 1 M LiOH aqueous solution with negligible decrease in specific capacitance after 1000 cycles. The synthesized energy-storage electrodes are easy-to-assemble which can provide unprecedented design ingenuity for a variety of wearable and flexible electronic devices.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.131-137
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• 2005

The catalytic activity of precious metals(Rh, Pd, Pt) and nickel catalysts supported on ${\gamma}-Al_2O_3\;and\;CeO_2$ in the partial combustion of methane(PCM) to syngas was investigated based on the product distribution in a fixed bed now reactor under atmospheric condition and also on analysis results by SEM, XPS, TPD, BET, and XRD. The activity of the catalysts based on the syngas yield increased in the sequence $Rh(5)/CeO_2{\geq}Ni(5)/CeO_2>>Rh(5)/Al_2O_3>Pd(5)/Al_2O_3>Ni(5)/Al_2O_3$. Compared to the precious catalysts, the syngas yield and stability of the $Ni(5)/CeO_2$ catalyst were almost similar to $(5)/CeO_2$ catalyst, and superior to these of any other catalysts. The syngas yield of $Ni(5)/CeO_2$ catalyst was 90.66% at 1023 K. It could be suggested to be the redox cycle of the successive reaction and formation of active site, $Ni^{2-}$ and the lattice oxygen, $O^{2-}$ produced due to reduction of $Ce^{4-}$ to $Ce^{3-}$.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2000년도 제18회 학술발표회 논문개요집
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• pp.145-145
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• 2000

M-CeO2 (M : noble metal) catalysts have been widely studied as three-way catalysts and methanol synthesis catalysts. Ceria is thought to play a number of roles in these catalysts. The Ce(IV)/Ce(III) redox pair may store/release gases under oxidizing/reducing conditions, extending the operational window. Additionally, metal-ceria interactions lead to several effects, including the dispersion of the active components and promoting the activation of molecules such as CO or NO. Pd is a promising component to current TWC formulations and behaves particularly well when compared with Pt and Rh-based catalysts for low-temperature oxidation of Co and hydrocarbon. However the effect of Pd-ceria interactions on the physicochemical properties of Pd and the redox properties of Ce is not elucidated yet. In order to know exactly about the metal-ceria interactions, the model study are expecting to give a better environment, resulting in the wide use of the surface science tools. The substrate was Si(100) wafer, on which Ta metal was sputtered as a thickness of 100nm. The CeO2 thin film of 30nm was deposited by using the magnetron sputtering. Spin coating and magnetron sputtering methods were used to make the Pd thin film layer. The prepared sample was investigated by in-situ XPS, AES, SEM and AFM analysis.

• 한국결정학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국결정학회 2003년도 춘계학술연구발표회
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• pp.18-18
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• 2003

Thioredoxin (Trx) is a small redox protein that is ubiquitously distributed from achaes to human. In diverse organisms, the protein is involved in various physiological roles by acting as electron donor and regulators of transcription and apoptosis as well as antioxidants. Sequences of Trx within various species are 27～69% identical to that of E. coli and all Trx proteins have the same overall fold, which consists of central five β strands surrounded by four α helices. The N-terminal cysteine in WCGPC motif of Trx is redox sensitive and the motif is highly conserved. Compared with general cysteine, the N-terminal cysteine has low pKa value. The result leads to increased reduction activity of protein. Recently, novel thio.edoxin-related protein (TRP14) was found from rat brain. TRP14 acts as disulfide reductase like Trx1, and its redox potential and pKa are similar to those of Trx1. However, TRP14 takes up electrons from cytosolic thioredoxin reductase (TrxR1), not from the mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase (TrxR2). Biological roles of TES14 were reported to be involved in regulating TNF-α induced signaling pathways in different manner with Trx1. In depletion experiments, depletion of TRP14 increased TNF-α induced phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα more than the depletion Trx1 did. It also facilitated activation of JNK and p38 MAP kinase induced by TNF-α. Unlike Trx1, TRP14 shows neither interaction nor interference with ASK1. Here, we determined three-dimensional crystal structure of TRP14 by MAD method at 1.8Å. The structure reveals that the conserved cis-Pro (Pro90) and active site-W-C-X-X-C motif, which may be involved in substrate recognition similar to Trx1 , are located at the beginning position of strand β4 and helix α2, respectively. The TRP14 structure also shows that surface of TRP14 in the vicinity of the active site, which is surrounded by an extended flexible loop and an additional short a helix, is different from that of Trx1. In addition, the structure exhibits that TRP14 interact with a distinct target proteins compared with Trx1 and the binding may depend mainly on hydrophobic and charge interactions. Consequently, the structure supports biological data that the TRP14 is involved in regulating TNF-α induced signaling pathways in different manner with Trx1.

• BMB Reports
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.51-56
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• 1995

Thioredoxin is a small redox protein with an active-site disulfide/dithiol, and is ubiquitous in bacteria, plants, and animals. To investigate the structure-function relationship of thioredoxin, the genes encoding Escherichia coli thioredoxin and Corynebacterium nephridii thioredoxin C3 were fused via a common restriction site in the nucleotide sequence coding for the active site of the proteins to generate two chimeric thioredoxins, designated E-C3(N to C-terminal) and C3-E. The hybrid thioredoxin genes were put under the T7 promoter and their productions were confirmed. The two hybrid thioredoxins complemented phenotypes of a thioredoxin-deficient E. coli strain. A strain containing the C3-E hybrid thioredoxin supported growth of the T7 phage, whereas a strain expressing the E-C3 hybrid thioredoxin did not. However, both hybrids supported growth of M13 phages. The two hybrid thioredoxins were also characterized in other aspects. Differences in activity between the hybrid thioredoxins were attributed to altered interactions of the N- and C-terminal domains of the molecule, which produced changes in the three-dimensional structure of the active site region.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2013년도 제44회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.295-295
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• 2013

Supercapacitors with higher energy and power density are attracting growing attention for their wide range of potential applications such as portable electronic equipments, hybrid vehicle and cellular devices. In various classes of materials for supercapacitors, the redox pseudocapacitive materials such as conducting polymers and metal oxides have been most widely studied recently. The nanostructuring of the electrode surface has also been focused on since it can provide large surface area and consequently easy diffusion of ions in the capacitors. Among the active materials, in this work, we have used polyaniline (PANi) and manganese oxide ($MnO_2$). PANi is one of the promising electrode and active materials due to its desirable properties such as high electrochemical activity, high doping level and stability. $MnO_2$ is also widely studied material for supercapacitors since it is relatively cheap and environmentally friendly. In this work, we fabricated PANi hollow nanospheres by polymerizing aniline monomers on the polystyrene (PS) nanospheres and then dissolving the inner PS spheres. This nanostructuring of the PANi surface can provide large surface area and hence easy diffusion of electrolyte ions. We also incorporated $MnO_2$ nanoparticles into the PANi hollow nanospheres and investigated its electrochemical properties. It is expected that the combination of these two active materials with slightly different working potential windows show synergetic effects such as broader working potential range and enhanced specific capacitance.

• 에너지공학
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.89-95
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• 2015

레독스흐름전지의 전극으로 사용하기 위해 (주)CNF에서 제조한 탄소펠트를 여러 가지 온도에서 열처리하여 실험하였다. 열처리 조건에 따른 탄소펠트의 물성특성을 파악하기 위하여 BET(비표면적)와 무게감소를 측정하였고 표면특성을 살펴보기 위하여 주사전자현미경(SEM)과 XPS 분석을 실시하였다. 또한 전기저항, CV(cyclic voltammetry), RFB 충방전 성능 통해 열처리 조건에 따른 전극특성에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. SEM, BET분석을 통하여 탄소펠트 표면의 물성 변화를 확인하였고, XPS 분석을 통해 $550^{\circ}C$에서 1시간 열처리한 탄소펠트의 표면에 산소 관능기가 가장 많이 부가된 것을 확인하였다. CV 실험을 수행한 결과 $550^{\circ}C$ 열처리 전극의 활성면적이 가장 컸다. $400^{\circ}C$, $500^{\circ}C$, $550^{\circ}C$에서 열처리한 탄소펠트를 이용하여 바나듐 레독스흐름전지를 구성하고 충-방전 실험을 실시한 결과 충-방전 에너지효율이 $400^{\circ}C$ 열처리 전극의 경우 72.9%, $500^{\circ}C$ 열처리 전극의 경우 79.8%, $550^{\circ}C$ 열처리 전극의 경우 79.8%로 $550^{\circ}C$ 열처리 전극이 가장 우수하였다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2004년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.5 No.2
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• pp.882-885
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• 2004

Organic molecules have many properties that make them attractive for electronic applications. We have been examining the progress of memory cell by using molecular-scale switch to give an example of the application using both nanoscale components and Si-technology. In this study, molecular electronic devices were fabricated with amion style derivatives as redox-active component to compare to the devices using Zn-Porphyrin derivatives. This molecule is amphiphilic to allow monolayer formation by the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) method, and then this LB monolayer is inserted between two metal electrodes. According to current-voltage (I-V) characteristics, it was found that the devices show remarkable hysteresis behavior and can be used as memory devices at ambient conditions, when aluminum oxide layer was existed on bottom electrode. Diode-like characteristics were measured only, when Pt layer was existed as bottom electrode. It was also found that this metal layer interacts with the organic molecules and acts as a protecting layer, when thin Ti layer was inserted between the organic molecular layer and the top Al electrode. These electrical properties of the devices may be applicable to active components for the memory and/or logic gates in the future.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제57권6호
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• pp.868-873
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 유기물인 메틸 바이올로겐(methyl viologen, MV)과 템폴(4-hydroxy-TEMPO, TEMPOL)을 활물질로 사용하고 NaCl의 중성 전해질 기반 수계 유기 레독스 흐름전지 성능이 멤브레인에 따라 어떻게 영향을 받는지 분석하였다. 메틸 바이올로겐(MV)과 템폴(TEMPOL)은 중성 전해질인 염화나트륨(NaCl) 전해질에 대해 높은 셀전압(1.37 V)을 얻을 수 있다. 성능 비교를 위해 사용한 멤브레인은 두 가지이다. 첫째로, 상용 양이온 교환막 중 하나인 Nafion 117를 사용하였을 때 성능은 첫번째 사이클에서 충전만 일어났을 뿐 그 후 높은 저항 때문에 완전지가 작동하지 않았다. 하지만 두번째로 사용한 Fumasep 음이온 교환막(FAA-3-50)은 Nafion 117 멤브레인을 사용했을 때와는 다르게 비교적 안정적인 충방전 사이클링을 보였다. 전류 밀도 $40mA{\cdot}cm^{-2}$, 컷-오프 전압 0.55~1.7 V에서 전류 효율(charge efficiency)은 97%, 전압 효율(voltage efficiency)은 78%로 높게 나타났다. 방전 용량(discharge capacity)은 10사이클에서 $1.44Ah{\cdot}L^{-1}$로 이론 용량($2.68Ah{\cdot}L^{-1}$)의 54%를 나타내었다. 방전 용량의 용량 손실율(capacity loss rate)은 $0.0015Ah{\cdot}L^{-1}/cycle$ 로 나타났다. 순환주사전류 실험을 통해 Nafion 117 멤브레인과 Fumasep 음이온 교환막 사이의 이러한 성능차이는 활물질의 크로스 오버(cross over) 현상으로 인한 방전 용량 손실이 아닌 멤브레인과 활물질의 화학적 반응으로 인한 저항 증가가 원인임을 파악할 수 있었다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.109-115
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• 2007

Solar energy conversion to hydrogen was carried out via a two-step thermochemical water splitting using metal oxide redox pair. To simulate the solar radiation, a 7 kW short arc Xe-lamp was used. Partially reduced iron oxide and cerium oxide have the water splitting ability, respectively. So, $Fe_3O_4$ supported on $CeO_2$ was selected as the active material. $Fe_3O_4/CeO_2$(20 wt/80 wt%) was prepared by impregnation method, then the active material was washcoated on the ceramic honeycomb monolith made of mullite and cordierite. Oxygen was released at the reduction step($1673{\sim}1823\;K$) and hydrogen was produced from water at lower temperature($873{\sim}1273\;K$). The result demonstrate the possibility of the 2-step thermochemical water splitting hydrogen production by the active material washcoated monolith. And hydrogen and oxygen was produced separately without any separation process in a monolith installed reactor. But the SEM and EDX analysis results revealed that the support used in this experiment is not suitable due to the thermal instability and coating material migration.