• 제목/요약/키워드: Red potato

검색결과 158건 처리시간 0.03초

농작물(農作物)에 대(對)한 인공산성(人工酸性)비의 영향(影響) (Effect of Simulated Acid Rain on Crops)

  • 김복영;김규식
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제21권2호
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    • pp.161-167
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    • 1988
  • 수도(水稻)등 15개(個) 작물(作物)에 대(對)하여 수도수(水道水)에 황산(黃酸)을 이용(利用)하여 pH를 3.0으로 조절(調節)한 후(콩은 pH를 4.0, 3.0, 2.0) 농작물(農作物) 지상부(地上部)가 충분(充分)히 젓도록 2일(日) 간격으로 18회 분무하고 그 피해증상(被害症狀), 엽피해율(葉被害率), 엽록소함량(葉綠素含量) 및 유황함량(硫黃含量) 등을 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 피해증상(被害症狀)은 적갈색(赤褐色) 또는 백색(白色)의 반점(斑點)이 엽표면(葉表面)에 나타나며 반점(斑點)주위는 적갈색(赤褐色) 또는 흑갈색(黑褐色)으로 변(變)하였다. 2. pH 3.0의 산성(酸性)비에서 대부분(大部分)의 작물(作物)은 엽피해(葉被害)가 발생(發生)되고 엽록소(葉綠素)가 감소(減少)되었다. 3. 작물(作物)의 피해정도(被害程度)는 시금치, 상치, 배추가 크고 벼, 고추, 토마토, 호박 등은 작았다. 4. 엽피해(葉被害)가 흔적에서도 엽록소(葉綠素)는 감소(減少)되었고 엽피해율(葉被害率)이 클수록 엽록소감소(葉綠素減少)도 컸다. 5. 산성(酸性)비의 pH가 낮을수록 엽피해(葉被害), 엽록소(葉綠素) 및 수량(收量)의 감소(減少)가 크고 엽내(葉內) 유황함량(硫黃含量)이 증가(增加)되었다.

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Colletotrichum fioriniae에 의한 호박 과실 탄저병의 발생 보고 (First Report of Colletotrichum fioriniae Causing Anthracnose on Fruit of Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) in Korea)

  • 김준영;김병섭
    • 식물병연구
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    • 제26권3호
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    • pp.190-193
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    • 2020
  • 강원도 강릉시 사천면 비닐하우스에서 재배중인 호박 과실에 탄저병이 발생하였다. 병든 호박 과실에 분홍색의 분생포자 층이 동심원으로 나타나 점차 확대되어 과실이 무르는 증상을 나타내었다. 원인균을 규명하기 위하여 순수 분리 후 균학적 특성 및 ITS, GAPDH, CHS-1, HIS3, ACT, TUB2 염기서열 분석결과 Colletotrichum fioriniae로 동정하였다. 또한, 병원성이 확인되었고 접종시험에서 동일한 균이 반복적으로 분리되었다. 따라서, 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 C. fioriniae에 의한 호박 과실에 발생하는 탄저병의 발생을 국내 처음으로 보고한다.

Characterization of Amylolytic Activity by a Marine-Derived Yeast Sporidiobolus pararoseus PH-Gra1

  • Kwon, Yong Min;Choi, Hyun Seok;Lim, Ji Yeon;Jang, Hyeong Seok;Chung, Dawoon
    • Mycobiology
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    • 제48권3호
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    • pp.195-203
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    • 2020
  • Marine yeasts have tremendous potential in industrial applications but have received less attention than terrestrial yeasts and marine filamentous fungi. In this study, we have screened marine yeasts for amylolytic activity and identified an amylase-producing strain PH-Gra1 isolated from sea algae. PH-Gra1 formed as a coral-red colony on yeast-peptone-dextrose (YPD) agar; the maximum radial growth was observed at 22 ℃, pH 6.5 without addition of NaCl to the media. Based on the morphology and phylogenetic analyses derived from sequences of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and a D1/D2 domain of large subunit of ribosomal DNA, PH-Gra1 was designated Sporidiobolus pararoseus. S. pararoseus is frequently isolated from marine environments and known to produce lipids, carotenoids, and several enzymes. However, its amylolytic activity, particularly the optimum conditions for enzyme activity and stability, has not been previously characterized in detail. The extracellular crude enzyme of PH-Gra1 displayed its maximum amylolytic activity at 55 ℃, pH 6.5, and 0%-3.0% (w/v) NaCl under the tested conditions, and the activity increased with time over the 180-min incubation period. In addition, the crude enzyme hydrolyzed potato starch more actively than corn and wheat starch, and was stable at temperatures ranging from 15 ℃ to 45 ℃ for 2 h. This report provides a basis for additional studies of marine yeasts that will facilitate industrial applications.

Bacillus stearothermophilus에 의한 Cyclomaltodextrin Glucanotransferase의 생산 (Produ cti on of Cyclomaltodextrin from Bacillus stearothermophilus)

  • 황진봉;김승호;이태경;양한철
    • 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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    • 제18권6호
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    • pp.578-584
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    • 1990
  • 토양시료로부터 CGTase를 생산하는 중성의 호열성 미생물을 conogo red가 포함된 배지를 이용하여 분리하고, 분리균주의 형태학적, 생리학적 성질을 조사한 결과 Bacillus stearothermophilus No.239로 동정되었다. 초기 pH가 7.0인 soluble starch 2, defatted soybean meal 0.5, NaH_2PO_4.2H_2O$ 0.1및 $CaCl_2$ 0.01%5를 지닌 배지 에서$55^{\circ}C$, 48시간 진탕 배양하였을 때 배양액 1ml당 약 7.0unit로 가장 높은 효소생산량을 보였다.

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세균성 시들음병에 대한 식물성 유산균(Lactobacillus sp.)의 저해효과 (Antagonistic Effect of Lactobacillus sp. Strain KLF01 Against Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Ralstonia solanacearum)

  • 아누파마슈레스타;최규업;임춘근;허장현;조세열
    • 농약과학회지
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    • 제13권1호
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    • pp.45-53
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    • 2009
  • KLF01으로 명명된 세균이 토마토의 뿌리에서 분리 되었고 생화학적, 유전학적 검증을 통해 Lactobacillus sp.로 동종 되었다. In vitro 실험에서 식물성 세균인 Ralstonia solanacearum를 비롯하여, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri, Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria, Eriwinia pyrifoliae, Eriwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora group에게도 저해 효과를 나타내는 것으로 확인되었다. 고추와 토마토를 이용한 in vivo 실험에서는 특히 R. solanacearum에 대해 대조구와 비교 시들음병의 진행을 저해하는 것으로 관찰되었다.

Purification and Characterization of the Laccase Involved in Dye Decolorization by the White-Rot Fungus Marasmius scorodonius

  • Jeon, Sung-Jong;Lim, Su-Jin
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제27권6호
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    • pp.1120-1127
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    • 2017
  • Marasmius scorodonius secretes an extracellular laccase in potato dextrose broth, and this enzyme was purified up to 206-fold using $(NH_4)_2SO_4$ precipitation and a Hi-trap Q Sepharose column. The molecular mass of the purified laccase was estimated to be ~67 kDa by SDS-PAGE. The UV/vis spectrum of the enzyme was nontypical for laccases, and metal content analysis revealed that the enzyme contains 1 mole of Fe and Zn and 2 moles of Cu per mole of protein. The optimal pH for the enzymatic activity was 3.4, 4.0, and 4.6 with 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS), guaiacol, and 2,6-dimethoxy phenol as the substrate, respectively. The optimal temperature of the enzyme was $75^{\circ}C$ with ABTS as the substrate. The enzyme was stable in the presence of some metal ions such as $Ca^{2+}$, $Cu^{2+}$, $Ni^{2+}$, $Mg^{2+}$, $Mn^{2+}$, $Ba^{2+}$, $Co^{2+}$, and $Zn^{2+}$ at a low concentration (1 mM), whereas $Fe^{2+}$ completely inhibited the enzymatic activity. The enzymatic reaction was strongly inhibited by metal chelators and thiol compounds except for EDTA. This enzyme directly decolorized Congo red, Malachite green, Crystal violet, and Methylene green dyes at various decolorization rates of 63-90%. In the presence of 1-hydroxybenzotriazole as a redox mediator, the decolorization of Reactive orange 16 and Remazol brilliant blue R was also achieved.

Isolation and Identification of Fungal Species from the Insect Pest Tribolium castaneum in Rice Processing Complexes in Korea

  • Yun, Tae-Seong;Park, Sook-Young;Yu, Jihyun;Hwang, Yujin;Hong, Ki-Jeong
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제34권5호
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    • pp.356-366
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    • 2018
  • The red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, is one of the most common and economically important pests of stored cereal products worldwide. Furthermore, these beetles can act as vectors for several fungal post-harvest diseases. In this study, we collected T. castaneum from 49 rice processing complexes (RPCs) nationwide during 2016-2017 and identified contaminating fungal species on the surface of the beetles. Five beetles from each region were placed on potato dextrose agar media or Fusarium selection media after wet processing with 100% relative humidity at $27^{\circ}C$ for one week. A total of 142 fungal isolates were thus collected. By sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region, 23 fungal genera including one unidentified taxon were found to be associated with T. castaneum. The genus Aspergillus spp. (28.9%) was the most frequently present, followed by Cladosporium spp. (12.0%), Hyphopichia burtonii (9.2%), Penicillium spp. (8.5%), Mucor spp. (6.3%), Rhizopus spp. (5.6%), Cephaliophora spp. (3.5%), Alternaria alternata (2.8%) and Monascus sp. (2.8%). Less commonly identified were genera Fusarium, Nigrospora, Beauveria, Chaetomium, Coprinellus, Irpex, Lichtheimia, Trichoderma, Byssochlamys, Cochliobolus, Cunninghamella, Mortierella, Polyporales, Rhizomucor and Talaromyces. Among the isolates, two known mycotoxin-producing fungi, Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium spp. were also identified. This result is consistent with previous studies that surveyed fungal and mycotoxin contamination in rice from RPCs. Our study indicates that the storage pest, T. castaneum, would play an important role in spreading fungal contaminants and consequently increasing mycotoxin contamination in stored rice.

"임원십육지"의 곡물 조리가공(밥.죽)에 관한 문헌 비교 연구(I) (A Comparative Study on the Literature of the Cooking Product of Grain(Rice, Gruel) in Imwonshibyukji(I))

  • 김귀영;이춘자;박혜원
    • 동아시아식생활학회지
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    • 제8권4호
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    • pp.360-378
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    • 1998
  • Imwonshibyukji was a copying manuscript written around 1825, the 27th year of king Soonjo of the Josun Dynasty. It was a massive home encyclopedia of total 52 books and 100 volumes. The unpublished 'Jeongjoji' of its 17-20th volumes analyzed the cooking methods on the steamed rice and gruel and studied the degree of their usefulness and medical values in the light of the cooking process science. The cooking method on the steamed rice was composed of 14 items, and the general introduction outlined 6 kinds of the rice. These were all quoted from Chinese literatures. The 11 items present the methods on the general production of the rice, 2 on the cooking process, and 1 on the preservation. The main material of the rice was rice, and others were naked barley, prosomillet, foxtail millet, glutinous millet, etc. , and the secondary materials were glutinous rice, small red bean, black soybean, potato, bamboo seed, jujube, taro, gaertner, chestnut powder, persimmon power, julib(Zizania caduciflora), mangcho(Erigeron canadensis), namchok(Nandina domestica), licorice root, nitrous, peach, palmicha(schizandra, jinseng, cheonmoondong(Asparagus), and honey are mixed), etc. The literatures quoted in the rice were all 33, in which 23 were Chinese (69.7%) and 10 were Korean (30.3%). In the case of gruel, the cooking methods on the general gruel were described in 41 items, and on the gruel for a medical treatment were in 48 items, in which there was not a cooking method on the gruel but only its medical values were presented. The materials used for the general gruel were approximately 60 kinds: rice, glutinous rice, munbean, job's tears, rye, soybean, black sesame seed, antler of cervidae, chicken, crucian carp, and various medical materials, etc. The gruel was mainly used for protection and medical treatment, and partly for food for hungry people. The literatures quoted in the gruel were total 57, in which 26 were Korean(45.6%), and 31 were Chinese (54.4%). It can be their characteristics that Almost all of the Chinese literatures on the methods of the steamed rice and gruel do not exist.

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Environmental contamination and geochemical behaviour of heavy metals around the abandoned Songcheon Au-Ag mine, Korea

  • Lim Hye-sook;Lee Jin-Soo;Chon Hyo-Teak;Sager Manfred
    • 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국지구물리탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the international symposium on the fusion technology
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    • pp.544-547
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    • 2003
  • The objective of this study is to investigate the contamination levels and dispersion patterns of arsenic and heavy metals and to estimate the bioaccessible fraction of the metals in soil and plant samples in the vicinity of the abandoned Songcheon Au-Ag mine. Tailings, soils, plants (Chinese cabbage, red pepper, soybean, radish, sesame leaves, green onion, lettuce, potato leaves, angelica and groundsel) and waters were collected around the mine site. After appropriate preparation, all samples were analyzed for As, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Elevated levels of As and heavy metals were found in tailings. Mean concentrations of As in agricultural soils were higher than the permissible level. Especially, maximum level of As in farmland soil was 513 mg/kg. The highest concentrations of As and Zn were found in Chinese cabbage (6.7 mg/kg and 359 mg/kg, respectively). Concentrations of As, Cd, and Zn in most stream waters which are used for drinking water around this mine area were higher than the permissible levels regulated in Korea. Maximum levels of As, Cd and Zn in stream waters were 0.78 mg/L, 0.19 mg/L and 5.4 mg/L, respectively. These results indicate that mine tailings can be the main contamination sources of As and heavy metals in the soil-water system in the mine area. The average of estimated bioaccessible fraction of As in farmland soils were $3.7\%$ (in simulated stomach) and $10.8\%$ (in simulated small intestine). The highest value of bioaccessible fraction of metal in farmland soils was $46.5\%$ for Cd.

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인삼추출물로부터 분리한 Candida parapsilosis의 생육특성 (Growth Characteristics of Candida parapsilosis Isolated from Deteriorated Ginseng Extract)

  • 양재원;유태종;김영배
    • 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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    • 제13권4호
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    • pp.371-376
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    • 1985
  • 인삼추출물에서 분리한 Candide parapsilosis의 생육특성을 비교 검토한 결과 생육최적 pH는 6.0이었고 pH 4-7에서 정상적 생육을 보였다. 최적 Aw는 0.89이었고 배양조건에 따라 차이가 있어 전배양시에 Aw가 낮을 경우 최적 Aw도 낮아졌으며 이때 내삼투압성은 증가되었다. 일반적으로 배지의 Aw 0.995이상은 3$0^{\circ}C$, 0.98, 0.95, 0.92에서는 32$^{\circ}C$, 0.90이상에서는 34$^{\circ}C$에서 비증식속도가 가장 높았다. C. parapsilosis의 무기염류에 의한 생육저해는 양이온의 경우 L $i^{+}$>C $a^{2+}$>M $g^{2+}$>$Na^{+}$> $K^{+}$의 순이었고 음이온의 경우는 S $O_4$$^{2-}$ >N $O_3$$^{-}$>Cl의 순으로 나타났다.

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