• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.55-60
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• 1988

A two year's field experiment was conducted on newly reclaimed saline tidal lands to measure the effects of sand mulching on salinity of the soils and their relationship to crop performance. Hybrid sorghum cv. Pioneer 931 was grown under different mulching treatments using of medium sand and red earth (Fine loamy, Typic Hapludults). Salinity in the root zone was decreased markedly under soil mulching using of medium sand, especially during the dry season, and it caused a great increase in the root growth and R/T ratio. Seasonal values of electrical conductivity at sand mulching were 6.6 in April and 1.6 mmhos in August, but it was still high with a concentration of 12.7 (April) and 3.8 mmhos (August) in untreated check plot. Sand mulching increased plant growth and the rate of dry matter accumulation. However, treatment of red earth additionally over sand mulching produced lower dry matter yield than those of soil mulching using of medium sand only. Under salt stress sorghum plant showed a decrease in the leaf weight ratio (LWR) and it resulted in a low concentration of crude protein of the plant. Sand mulching enhanced leaf weight ratio and rate of protein synthesis.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.104-104
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• 2003

In this study, seven grain seeds(sorghum maize, buckwheat, soy bean, mung bean, red bean, and barngrass) and germinated seven grain seeds were examined the fibrinolytic activity through fibrin plate assay and SDS-PAGE. The results obtained were as follows : 1. In the fibrin plate assay, the extracts of maize, barngrass, sorghum and buckwheat showed fibrinolytic activity. Especially, Maize of them showed fibrinolytic activity that was almost similar to plasmin, fibrinolytic enzyme used as a positive control. 2. In the SDS-PAGE of seven grain seeds, fibrinolytic activity was remarkably shown in mung bean and red bean. 3. In the fibrin plate assay of germinated grain seeds, buckwheat(5 mm), buckwheat(10 mm) and soy bean(10 mm) showed a level of fibrinolytic activity that was about 0.3 fold than 1.0 unit of plasmin, Also maize(10 mm) of them showed a level of fibrinolytic activity that was about 0.5 fold than 1.0 unit of plasmin. As a result, maize of grain seeds was found that it has a strong fibrinolytic activity.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.1754-1759
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• 2002

A study was carried out to investigate the nutritive value and utilization of hybrid sorghum and perennial grass species viz. setaria (Setaria anceps) and hybrid napier when intercropped with soybean by growing Jersey crossbred heifers. Fifteen growing crossbred heifers (Jersey${\times}$Red Sindhi) of between 7-10 months age and pre-trial average body weight of 49-50 kg were divided on the basis of weight in to three treatment groups viz. $T_1$-hybrid sorghum+soybean, $T_2$-setaria+soybean and $T_3$-hybrid napier+soybean in a completely randomized block design. Intercropped forages were harvested fresh, chaffed and mixed before they were offered to the heifers. Chemical composition of the herbage, dry matter intake (DMI), body weight gain and nutrient digestibility co-efficients were estimated. The herbage mixtures had crude protein (CP) content in the range of 11.87 to 13.86% and ether extract (EE) contents were 2.91 to 3.11%, respectively. The herbage mixtures were rich in minerals (ash). The gross energy (kcal/g DM) was higher in hybrid napier+soybean, while hybrid sorghum+soybean and setaria+soybean herbage mixtures had lower value for gross energy. The hybrid sorghum+soybean and setaria+soybean herbage mixtures had higher contents of NDF, ADF, cellulose, lignin and silica as compared to that of hybrid napier+soybean herbage mixture. The heifers fed hybrid napier+soybean herbage mixture had significantly (p<0.05) higher $DMI\;g/kg\;W^{0.75}$ ($97.41{\pm}4.34$) as compared to hybrid sorghum+soybean ($88.31{\pm}2.66$) and setaria+soybean ($79.29{\pm}1.06$) herbage mixtures. Nutrients digestibility, DCP percent, DCP intake and nitrogen balance were significantly (p<0.05) higher in the heifers fed on hybrid napier+soybean herbage mixture. There was a significant (p<0.05) difference among different herbage mixtures in TDN. The heifers on setaria+soybean herbage mixture had lower average body weight gain (g/day) than those on hybrid sorghum+soybean and hybrid napier+soybean herbage mixtures. Data obtained in this experiment demonstrated that herbage mixture of hybrid napier+soybean was better than hybrid sorghum+soybean and setaria+soybean herbage mixtures in the nutrition of growing heifers. It had highest nutritive value, better digestibility co-efficients which showed better growth rate and higher feed efficiency. In ranking, hybrid napier+soybean herbage mixture was better followed by hybrid sorghum+soybean and setaria+soybean in nutritive value in the parameters studied. For future wasteland development program in humid-sub tropics of Himachal Pradesh hybrid napier and its intercropping with soybean is recommended for general adoption because of its better adaptability and higher nutritive value.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.373-384
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• 2011

This experiment was conducted to investigate the selection of regional double cropping system for production of organic forage in middle part of Korea and investigated their productivity, feed values and stock carrying capacity. The test results proved the Sorghum${\times}$Sudangrass hybrid was 10.9 $ton{\cdot}ha^{-1}$, the one of Rye + Red clover and Rye + Hairy vetch were the highest one as 3.3 $ton{\cdot}ha^{-1}$ and the relative yield about a Rye is higher in the dry matter yield in the field soil. And as for the relative forage values (RFV), Corn is the most excellent ones as 96.6 but there were no the significant difference between the Sorghum${\times}$Sudangrass hybrid of 84.4 and it. The total digestible nutrient (TDN) content in Rye + Hairy vetch is higher than others as 59.7%. As for the relative feed value, Rye + Red clover is the highest one as 83.8 but there was no significant differences between them. As for the ability to raise livestock in the field soil, the average values of $K_{CP}$ and $K_{TDN}$ are shown as 4.27 head/ha/yr in Sorghum${\times}$Sudangrass hybrid. As for the same crops, the average values of $K_{CP}$ and $K_{TDN}$ showed the highest ones as 1.74 head/ha/yr, in Rye + Red clover but there were no the significant differences. As for the dry matter yield of the rice field soil, organic rice straw was 3.3 $ton{\cdot}ha^{-1}$ and Rye + Red clover significantly showed the highest values as 4.1 $ton{\cdot}ha^{-1}$. In the rice filed soil, the crude protein content of organic rice straw was 3.1% and the TDN content of organic rice straw was 55%. The TDN content in Rye + Red clover was higher than others as 59.7%. As for the relative forage values, Rye + Red clover showed the highest one as 83.8 but there were no significant differences between them. As for the ability to raise livestock in the rice field, the average values of $K_{CP}$ and $K_{TDN}$ in the organic rice straw was 1.04 head/ha/yr and the average values of $K_{CP}$ and $K_{TDN}$ in Rye + Red clover is the highest one as 1.84 head/ha/yr, but there were no significant differences in all of them.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.28
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• pp.9-15
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• 2010

Extraction Efficiency of colorants from sorghum and its storage stability were examined according to the various extracting and storage conditions in this study. The obtained results were as follows ; The absorbance values of extracted colorants were increased with increasing extract time and temperature. The extraction at pH 4 extract was most efficient among the various pH conditions. In the juice extractor system, the amount of extracted colorant was more in distilled water pre-treatment than pH 5, but it was more in pH 5 in the long time pre-treatment above 20 hour. The color of extract solutions changed through variation of the pH. Its color changed from light yellow to heavy yellow finally red ton by pH increasing. The Methionine addition gave an effect on the storage stability of colorant solution and then had better storage stability. And so it delayed the color change up to storge period 18th day and the stabilizing effect was revealed in order of Methionine 10mmol-addition>20mmol-addtion>non-addtion.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.205-205
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• 2017

An excess soil water condition is one of the major problems for the field crops growing in paddy fields because of their poor drainage and less availability for oxygen uptake which leads to adversely affect the photosynthesis. Therefore, the current study was undertaken with aim to investigate the effects groundwater level on the photosynthetic response of soy bean (Urum), red bean (Arari), sesame (Geonbaek), perilla (Dayu) after the transplanting to the lysimeter to investigate the plant-water relation and their effect on photosynthesis. The chlorophyll content of the crops according to the humid conditions of the soy bean, sesame and the perilla was found to be 5%, 6.89 % and 13.7% higher than that of the groundwater treated at 40cm, respectively. On the other hand, the chlorophyll content of adzuki bean decreased 6.6% from the groundwater level of 40cm, and the sorghum decreased by 5.7%. As a result of investigating the Fv / Fm value of groundwater, the adzuki bean at 20cm above groundwater was lower than that of groundwater by 40cm immediately before flowering. The Fv / Fm value of soy bean and sesame at 40cm above groundwater were lowered by flowering under groundwater 20 cm and Fv / Fm value of sorghum is increased at 40 cm treatment immediately before flowering while the Fv / Fm values of the perilla had no significant difference in comparison to those at 20 cm and 40 cm of groundwater. In the case of chlorophyll fluorescence reaction, it is known that the when the absolute value is closer to 0.82, the stress is considered less. As a result of comparing the numerical values of the crops, it was found that the sorghum was the most stressed followed by adzuki bean and sesame, while the soy beans and perilla was found on the average, as they received less stress.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.572-580
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• 2023

Hypertension is characterized by excessive renin-angiotensin system activity, leading to blood vessel constriction. Several synthetic compounds have been developed to inhibit renin and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). These drugs often have adverse side effects, driving the exploration of plant protein-derived peptides as alternative or supplementary treatments. This study assessed the phenolic compound and amino acid content and the antioxidant and antihypertensive activity of 5 South Korean staple crops. Sorghum had the highest phenolic compound content and exhibited the highest antioxidant activity. Millet grains, particularly finger millet (38.86%), showed higher antihypertensive activity than red beans (14.42%) and sorghum (17.16%). Finger millet was found to contain a large proportion of branched-chain, aromatic, and sulfur-containing amino acids, which are associated with ACE inhibition. In particular, cysteine content was positively correlated with ACE inhibition in the crops tested (r=0.696, p<0.01). This study confirmed that the amino acid composition was more correlated with the antihypertensive activity of grains than the phenolic compound content. Finger millet mainly contained amino acids, which have higher ACE inhibitory activity, resulting in the strongest antihypertensive activity. These findings underscore the antihypertensive potential of select crops as plant-based food ingredients, offering insight into their biological functions.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.108-115
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• 1991

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of cattle compost application on the change of soil physical properties and their relationship to yield performance of selected main forage crops. Maize(CV. Suweon 19) and sorghum hybrids(CV. Pioneer 9'31) as a summer crops and winter rye were grown on newly reclaimed red yellow soils(Fine loamy, Typic Hapludults) under different application rate of cattle compost associated with chemical NPK fertilization, from Oct. 1986 to Sept. 1989. Experimental field was laid down as a split plots design with four replications. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Cattle compost application reclaimed soil physical propeties, such as formation of granular structure and water holding capacity, and it result in a great increase of plant growth and the rate of dry matter accumulation. 2. While cattle compost treatment reduced the portion of soild phase of the three phase constituents of soils, it increased the portion of air phase and liquid phase comparatively. 3. Organic matter, N, P, K, and mineral content in soil were markedly increased in the plot treated with compost. 4. Cattle compost application increased fodder production both in maize-rye and sorghum hybrids-rye cultivation. Annual dry matter yield of maize-rye cropping was 2183(NI'K only), 2425(NPK+compvst 3000 kg) and 2800kg/lOa(NPK + compost 6000kg/10a).

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.25 no.7
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• pp.786-794
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• 2015

To identify nutritional and therapeutic properties of the new Korean red waxy sorghum cultivar ‘Hwanggeumchalsusu (HGC)’, we assayed the antioxidative effects and neuraminidase inhibitory activity. A methanol and 70% ethanol extract of HGC exhibited strong antioxidative effects (IC₅₀ values of 83.2±2.7 for DPPH) and 85.6±2.4 μg/ml for ABTS) and neuraminidase (ND) inhibitory activity (IC₅₀ values of 1.8±0.1 from extracted with methanol and 3.4±0.1 μg/ml from extracted with 70% ethanol) compared with that of the control, noncolored sorghum cultivar ‘Huinchalsusu (HC)’ (IC₅₀> 200 μg/ml). We isolated nine polyphenols, Gallic acid (1), Protocatecuic acid (2), p-Hydroxy benzoic acid (3), Vanillic acid (4), Caffeic acid (5), Ferulic acid (6), Luteolinidin (7), Apigeninidin (8), Luteolin (9), from the HGC - methanol extract, to determine whether they were the active components Luteolinidin of one kind of polyphenols from the HGC, exhibited significant antioxidative effects (IC₅₀ values of 10.9±0.5 μM for DPPH and 8.6 0.6 μM for ABTS) and neuraminidase (ND) inhibitory activity (IC₅₀ values of 26.3±0.6) showed noncompetitive inhibition model. The binding affinity of the ND inhibitors in molecular docking experiments correlated with their ND inhibitory activities. These results suggest that HGC may be utilized to serve as a potential effective antioxidant and inhibitor of ND.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.40 no.11
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• pp.1512-1517
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• 2011

Effects of cultivated area on antioxidant compounds and antioxidant activities of sorghum were determined. The cultivated areas were Miryang (plain area of interior), Wonju (mountainous territory), and Sinan (coastal area), and the cultivated varieties were Hwanggeumchal-susu (HGCS), Daepung-susu (DPS), Whinchal-susu (WCS), Tojong-susu (TJS), and Mae-susu (MS). The highest total polyphenol contents of methanolic extracts were 19.64 and 19.32 mg gallic acid equivalent (GE)/g in un-hulled MS and DPS on the cultivated Wonju. The highest total flavonoid content was 7.54 mg catechin equivalent (CE)/g in un-hulled DPS on cultivated Wonju. Generally, antioxidant compound contents of sorghum on cultivated Wonju were higher than those of Miryang and Sinan. Further, un-hulled HGCS, DPS, and MS were higher than un-hulled WCS and TJS. The DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities of the methanolic extracts of sorghum did not significantly change with the cultivated areas, whereas there were significant changes with cultivated varieties. The radical scavenging activities of un-hulled HGCS, DPS, and MS with red or dark brown seed coats were higher than those of un-hulled WCS and TJS with white seed coats.