• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.185-193
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• 1999

To improve the efficiency of in vitro production of embryos with follicular oocytes in pig, the recovery rates, in vitro fertilization and development. The results obtained were as fellows: The number of oocytes recovered 37 ovary was 1,365 by aspiration, 1,884 by slicing and 3,830 aspiration post slicing, per ovary was averaged 103.5 aspiration post slicing than 30.7 by aspiration and 50.8 by slicing (P<0.05). The percentage of grade I and II oocytes recovered was 0.05∼0.2% and 1.7∼2.3% respectively(p<0.05). The fertilization rates of ejaculate and epididymis sperm was 83.0 and 83.1%. And cleavaged rate was 60.8 and 69.0% respectively(P<0.05). However, there were no significant differences between sperm sources. The clevage rates of fertilized oocyte was significantly(P<0.05) higher as B.O(92.8%) than TALP (90.1%) or mTBM (80.1%). And in vitro developed to blastocyst rates of mTBM media used for fertilization was significantly (P<0.05) higher as 12.4%, compared with the results using the media of TALP(1.6%) or B.O (0.0%). The embryos developed 2-cell stage after in vitro fertilization were co-cultured with or without POEC and BOEC in NCSU-23 and TCM-199 media. In vitro developed to blastocyst rates was NCSU-23 with POEC(2.3%) or BOEC(1.2%), but in vitro cultured in TCM-199 medium with POEC or BOEC was not developed to blastocyst. The percentage of embryos that developed to morula stage in 0, 50, 100, 200 and 250uM was 16.6, 22.0, 13.5, 19.0 and 22.0%, respectively.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.26-33
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• 2022

몰리브덴은 소재로 널리 사용되므로 광석 또는 2차자원으로부터 회수가 많은 관심을 끌고 있다. 몰리브데나이트광으로부터 산화제로 NaClO3를 함유한 염산용액에 의한 몰리브데나이트광의 침출에 대해 조사했다. 염산 및 NaClO₃의 농도, 반응 온도 및 시간과 광액밀도가 광석의 침출에 미치는 영향을 조사했다. 산화력이 센 강산용액에서 황화광은 황산이온으로 산화되면서 용해되어 칼슘이온과 gypsum을 형성하여 몰리브덴(VI)의 침출률을 감소시켰다. 최적조건(2.0 M HCl, 0.5 M NaClO₃, 광액밀도 5 g/L, 90, 60분)에서 몰리브덴, 철, 칼슘 및 실리케이트의 침출률은 각각 90, 38, 29 및 67%이었다.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.447-453
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• 2004

Optimal conditions for the supercritical carbon dioxide $(scCO_{2})$ extraction of glycyr­rhizin from licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) were investigated, with an emphasis on the types and levels of modifiers. The morphology of the licorice tissue remaining after the $scCO_{2} $ extraction of glycyrrhizin was examined by scanning electron microscopy, coupled with measurements of ab­solute density. Conventional organic solvent extraction was also carried out for purpose of quantitative comparison. At 50 MPa and $60^{circ}C$ glycyrrhizin could not be extracted with pure $scCO_{2}$, while a considerable amount of glycyrrhizin was extracted when water was added to $scCO_{2}$ as a modifier. The highest recovery was found to be about $97\%$ when $70\%$ aqueous methanol was added to $scCO_{2}$ at a concentration of $15\%$. The optimal pressure and temperature for the supercritical fluid extraction of glycyrrhizin were observed to be 30 M Pa and $60^{circ}C$, respectively. Under these conditions, the percentage recovery of glycyrrhizin attained a maximum value of 102.67\pm$ $1.13\%$ within 60 min. Furthermore, in the case of $scCO_{2}$ modified with $70\%$ aqueous methanol, the licorice tissue obtained after extraction was found to be severely de­graded by excessive swelling, and the absolute density of the licorice residues was observed to be the highest.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.321-327
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to compare PET imaging performance with Fluorine-18 ($^{18}F$) and Gallium-68 ($^{68}Ga$) for influence of physical properties of PET tracer. Measurement were performed on a Siemens Biograph mCT64 PET/CT scanner using NEMA IEC body phantom and Flangeless Esser PET phantom containing filled with $^{18}F$ and $^{68}Ga$. Emission scan duration(ESD) was set to 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5min/bed for $^{68}Ga$ and 1min/bed for $^{18}F$. The PET image were evaluated in terms of contrast, spatial resolution. Under same condition, The percentage of contrast recovery measured in the phantom ranged from 16.88% to 72.56% for $^{68}Ga$ and from 27.51% to 74.43% for $^{18}F$ and The FWHM value to evaluate spatial resolution was 10.96 mm for $^{68}Ga$ and 9.19 mm for $^{18}F$. For this study, $^{18}F$ produces better image contrast and spatial resolution than $^{68}Ga$ due to higher positron yield and lower positron energy ($^{18}F$: 96.86%, 633.5 keV, $^{68}Ga$: 88.9%, 1899 keV), The physical properties of PET tracer effect on the PET image. $^{68}Ga$ image applying ESD of 3, 4, 5min/bed were showed similar to $^{18}F$ image with ESD of 1min/bed. This study suggests that increasing ESD for acquiring $^{68}Ga$ PET image seem to be similar to $^{18}F$ image.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.338-344
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• 1995

현미중 카드뮴의 분석을 위한 보다 효율적인 방법을 찾기 위해 현미중 카드뮴의 공정시험방법을 표준으로 수종의 습식 및 건식방법에 대해 카드뮴의 회수율, 표준편차 및 표준방법과의 상관성등을 비교, 검토한 결과 현미 시료량 50g, 회화온도 $600^{\circ}C$의 건식방법은 회수율이 79.6%로 표준분석방법(87.2%)을 제외한 타 분석방법보다 높고, 표준편차도 평균${\pm}2.6$으로 표준분석방법의 평균+6.4 보다 약간 작았으며, 표준분석방법으로 분석된 카드뮴함량과의 상관성($r=0.977^{\ast\ast}$)도 크게 높아 본 방법은 습식으로 분해하는 현행 수질오염 공정시험 방법과 함께 현미중 카드뮴 분석방법으로 사용하여도 좋을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.350-356
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• 2020

목적: 본 연구는 수술 후 회복실에 입실한 환자에게 가온요법 간호중재 프로그램이 미치는 효과를 파악하여 간호중재방안 개발 및 기초자료를 제시하고자 시도된 비 동등성 대조군 유사 실험연구이다. 연구방법: 연구의 대상자는 가온요법 프로그램을 적용한 실험군 31명, 대조군 31명을 대상으로 실시하였다. 가온요법은 가온기를 통해 회복실에서 38~43℃ 범위 내 가온하였다. 대상자의 일반적 특성은 실수와 백분율로 파악하였고, 실험군과 대조군의 동질성 검정은 𝑥²-test와 In-dependent t-test로 파악하였다. 실험군과 대조군의 시간에 따른 체온, 통증, 전율의 차이는 repeated measure ANOVA로 파악하였다. 실험군과 대조군의 온도 편안감의 차이는 t-test로 파악하였다. 결과: 첫째, 수술 직후 반복 측정 결과 실험군과 대조군의 체온, 통증, 전율이 유의한 차이를 보였다. 둘째, 온도 편안감은 유의한 차이를 보였다. 결론: 이와 같이 수술 후 가온요법 중재 시 환자에게 긍정적인 효과가 있는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.151-162
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• 2010

Objective : Bell's palsy is common and has many clinic study. but bell's palsy prognosis is not enough specific. So this study was evaluated bell's palsy prognosis, treatment number, sequela of normal group and bad prognosis group. Methods : From June 2009 to June 2010, patients who visited Dong-seo Oriental Medicine ENT. A clinic study was done on patient who were diagnosed bell's palsy, onset 2weeks within when first visited OPD and treated 3 times over in Dong-seo Oriental Medicine Cental. To evaluate grade of paralysis, House-Brackman Scale was used. We classified treatment numbers of each HB-Scale group, normal gIVroup and bad prognosis group. Results : The distribution of Onset HB-Scale : Gr II 26.25%, Gr III 67.5%, Gr IV 6.25% Onset HB-Scale Gr II patients completely recover 100% Onset HB-Scale Gr III patients completely recover 64.8%, improved 27.8%, nothing change 7.4% Onset HB-Scale Gr IV patients completely recover 40%, improved 60% Onset HB-Scale Gr II & IV patients recovery percentage make no difference of normal group (Group A) and bad prognosis. Onset HB-Scale Gr III patients completely recover Group A 66.7%, Group B 52.9%, improved Group A 23.2%, Group 35.3%, noting change Group A 5.1%, Group B 11.8% Onset HB-Scale Gr II patients has no sequela. Onset HB-Scale Gr III & IV patients has tendency that they treat more times, more improving and less sequela probability Conclusion : Onset HB-Scale is the indicator of acute bell's palsy prognosis.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.256-262
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• 2015

Background: Heart attack is the most common cause of line-of-duty death in the fire service. Daily aspirin therapy is a preventative measure used to reduce the morbidity of heart attacks but may decrease the ability to dissipate heat by reducing skin blood flow. Methods: In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study, firefighters were randomized to receive 14 days of therapy (81-mg aspirin or placebo) before performing treadmill exercise in thermal-protective clothing in a hot room [$38.8{\pm}2.1^{\circ}C$, $24.9{\pm}9.1%$ relative humidity (RH)]. Three weeks without therapy was provided before crossing to the other arm. Firefighters completed a baseline skin blood-flow assessment via laser Doppler flowmetry; skin was heated to $44^{\circ}C$ to achieve maximal cutaneous vasodilation. Skin blood flow was measured before and after exercise in a hot room, and at 0 minutes, 10 minutes, 20 minutes, and 30 minutes of recovery under temperature conditions ($25.3{\pm}1.2^{\circ}C$, $40.3{\pm}13.7%\;RH$). Platelet clotting time was assessed before drug administration, and before and after exercise. Results: Fifteen firefighters completed the study. Aspirin increased clotting time before and after exercise compared with placebo (p = 0.003). There were no differences in absolute skin blood flow between groups (p = 0.35). Following exercise, cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) was $85{\pm}42%$ of maximum in the aspirin and $76{\pm}37%$ in the placebo groups. The percentage of maximal CVC did not differ by treatment before or after recovery. Neither maximal core body temperature nor heart rate responses to exercise differed between trials. Conclusion: There were no differences in skin blood flow during uncompensable heat stress following exercise after aspirin or placebo therapy.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.259-264
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• 2016

Objectives: We evaluated and recorded post-traumatic and postoperative neurosensory deficits of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) in mandibular fracture in order to identify associated risk factors. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective cohort study composed of 60 patients treated for mandibular fracture. The primary study variable was the change between the post-traumatic IAN neurosensory examination score and the score after fracture reduction. Risk factors were categorized as demographic, anatomic, fracture displacement, and treatment. Appropriate descriptive and bivariate statistics were computed. Results: Sixty patients with unilateral mandibular fracture reported within 24 hours of injury were evaluated over a one-year period. A post-traumatic neurosensory deficit was observed in 52 patients (86.7%), the percentage of which was reduced to 23.3% over the follow-up period. Abnormal postoperative neurosensory scores were significantly higher in angle fracture cases (33.3%) compared to body fracture cases (11.1%). When recovered and non-recovered neurosensory scores were compared by fracture location, 88.9% of body fracture cases showed significant recovery compared to 66.7% of mandibular angle fracture cases. Cases with less than 5 mm fracture displacement showed statistically significantly higher neurosensory recovery scores (90.6%) compared to those with more than 5 mm fracture displacement (60.7%). Conclusion: Use of a miniplate with mono-cortical screws does not play a role in increasing IAN post-traumatic neurosensory deficit. Early management can reduce the chances of permanent neurosensory deficit. Mandibular fracture displacement of 5 mm or more and fracture location were found to be associated with an increased risk of post-traumatic IAN neurosensory score worsening.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2014

리튬함유 폐액에서 $D_2EHPA$를 추출제로 사용하여 용매추출법에 의해 리튬의 회수에 관한 연구를 실시하였다. 수용액상의 pH, 추출제 농도 및 상비 변화 등 리튬의 추출에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 인자들에 대한 실험을 실시하였다. 실험 결과, 평형 pH가 증가할수록 리튬의 추출율이 증가하였고, pH 6.0에서 20% $D_2EHPA$에 의해 최대 50%의 리튬 추출율을 보였다. McCabe-Thiele diagram 분석으로 부터 리튬은 상비(O/A) 3.0에서 4단으로 95%이상 추출이 가능하였다. 한편 탈거액으로 황산을 사용하였고, 리튬 탈거의 최적 황산 농도는 90 ~ 120 g/L 이었다. 연속탈거 공정을 통하여 리튬이 11.85 g/L까지 농축 가능하였으며, 이 용액으로 부터 침전법에 의해 탄산리튬의 제조가 가능하였다.