• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.293-296
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• 2012

Memory reconsolidation is ubiquitous across species and various memory tasks. It is a dynamic process in which memory is modified and/or updated. In experimental conditions, memory reconsolidation is usually characterized by the fact that the consolidated memory is disrupted by a combination of memory reactivation and inhibition of protein synthesis. However, under some experimental conditions, the reactivated memory is not disrupted by inhibition of protein synthesis. This so called "boundary condition" of reconsolidation may be related to memory strength. In Pavlovian fear conditioning, the intensity of unconditional stimulus (US) determines the strength of the fear memory. In this study, we examined the effect of the intensity of US on the reconsolidation of contextual fear memory. Strong contextual fear memory, which is conditioned with strong US, is not disrupted by inhibition of protein synthesis after its reactivation; however, a weak fear memory is often disrupted. This suggests that a US of strong intensity can inhibit reconsolidation of contextual fear memory.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.121-134
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• 2012

The paper presents the results of identification, monotonous and cyclic triaxial tests on a potentially liquefiable soil from the Guadeloupe island. The material is a very soft clayey soil whose susceptibility to liquefaction is not clear when referring to index properties such as grain size distribution, plasticity, etc. The classifications found in the literature indicate that the material has rather a "clay-like" behaviour, i.e., is not very susceptible to liquefaction, but its properties are very close to the threshold values given by the authors. Cyclic triaxial tests carried out on the material under different conditions show that liquefaction is possible for a relatively important level of cyclic deviator or number of cycles. The second part of the paper is devoted to the study of the recovery of the soil after liquefaction and possibly reconsolidation. For the specimens tested without reconsolidation, that simulated the soil immediately after an earthquake, the recovery is nearly non-existent but the drop in pore pressure during extension results in a small available strength. On the contrary, after reconsolidation, the increase in strength of the liquefied specimens is quite large, compared to the initial state, but with unchanged failure envelopes.

• 한국관개배수논문집
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.114-116
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• 1995

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-19
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• 2005

Economy of scale would be one of the most important issues among organizations pursuing system integration projects. Cerntainly there are other benefits than cost reduction for achieving system integration. However. these benefits could not be achieved automatically. if system integration projects were undertaken without thoughtful planning. In this paper. we propose a framework for an effective system integration by (1) defining the objects(user interface. database. application. and server) and (2) considering the level of integration(physical integration and rational integration). Therefore. 6 types of integration can be considered. Five case studies of domestic organizations were reviewed to suggest various issues and solutions. Based on our case studies. we discovered that five integration types - EIP. EAI. ERP. BPM and System Reconsolidation - were most widely used.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2000년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.295-302
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• 2000

Earthquakes not only produce additional load on the structures and underlying soil, but also change the strength characteristics of the soil. Therefore, in order to analyze soil structures for stability, the behaviour after earthquake must be considered. In this paper, a series of cyclic triaxial tests and monotonic triaxial tests were carried out to investigate the undrained shear strength and liquefaction strength characteristics of Nak-Dong River sand soils which were subjected to cyclic loading. The sample was consolidated in the first stage and then subjected to stress controlled cyclic loading with 0.1Hz. After the cyclic loading, the cyclic-induced excess pore water pressure was dissipated by opening the drainage valve and the sample was reconsolidated to the initial effective mean principal stress(p/sub c/'). After reconsolidation, the monotonic loading or cyclic loading were applied to the specimen. In the results, the undrained shear strength and liquefaction strength characteristics depended on the pore pressure ratio(Ur=U/p/sub c/'). The volume change following reconsolidation can be a function of cyclic-induced excess pore water pressure and the maximum double amplitude of axial strain.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 1997년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.19-36
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• 1997

This paper discusses the reduction and subsequent recovery and increase of shear strength of clay in the vicinity of soil-cement column. Laboratory and field tests were conducted to investigate the effects on surrounding clay during and after soil-cement column installation in soft Ariake clay. Discussions were made on the mechanism of strength changes of clay by considering the thixotropic recovery, reconsolidation effect, penetration of cement slurry and diffusion of exchangeable cations. On the basis of field and laboratory observations, 10 days after column installation, the decreased shear strength of surrounding clay during mixing was recovered and 30 days later, shear strength of surrounding clay increased 30% by average. Therefore, it is recommended that the increase of shear strength of clay can be taken into consideration in the bearing capacity and stability analysis of the composite ground.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 2002년도 학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.353-356
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• 2002

In this study, the clay samples collected in the area Mokpo carry out laboratory soil test. Under three different curing $temperature-20^{\circ}C,\;50^{\circ}C,\;80^{\circ}C$ and 4 terms of curing day -1day, 7days, 14days, 40days for each, the remolded and reconsolidated samples had been made. To find out an aging effects and geotechnical characteristics between undisturbed samples and reconsolidated samples, laboratory tests were preformed. In the results, it was found that mechanical properties of undisturbed natural samples were similar to high temperature reconsolidation clay. The curing temperature influence on simulating aging effect more than the curing day does and the best curing condition are $80^{\circ}C$, 27days.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.80-89
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• 2011

Pavlovian fear conditioning has been extensively studied for the understanding of neurobiological basis of memory and emotion. Pavlovian fear conditioning is an associative memory which forms when conditioned stimulus (CS) is paired with unconditioned stimulus (US) once or repeatedly. This behavioral model is also important for the understanding of anxiety disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder. Here we describe the neural circuitry involved in fear conditioning and the molecular mechanisms underlying fear memory formation. During consolidation some memories fade out but other memories become stable and concrete. Emotion plays an important role in determining which memories will survive. Memory becomes unstable and editable again immediately after retrieval. It opens the possibility for us of modulating the established fear memory. It provides us with very efficient tools to improve the efficacy of cognitive-behavior therapy and other exposure-based therapy treating anxiety disorders.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2001년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.485-492
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• 2001

Weathered soil is one of the most representative soils in Korea. In this study, a series of cyclic triaxial tests was carried out to predict the post-cyclic deformation behavior of weathered soils in case of non-liquefaction. Excess pore pressure response during cyclic loading and volumetric strain during the dissipation of excess pore pressure were measured varying the confining pressure, relative density and cyclic stress ratio. Based on the test results, it Is found that the modified excess pore pressure ratio, excess pore pressure ratio normalized by cyclic stress ratio, is uniquely correlated with the number of cycles irrespective of confining pressure and cyclic stress ratio. Using the newly proposed MEPPR(modified excess pore pressure ratio) concept, it is possible to easily evaluate the excess pore pressure and the settlement of weathered soils due to cyclic loading by greatly reduced number of tests. It is also verified that the reconsolidation volumetric strain is independent of the way how the excess pore pressure was generated.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.41-48
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• 1988

본(本) 논문(論文)에서는 해양파랑(海洋波浪)에 의해 수발(手發)되는 액상화(液狀化) 이상의 발생(發生) 가능성(可能性)을 추정(推定)하기 위한 신뢰도(信賴度) 해석(解析) 모델을 개발(開發)하였다. 해양구조물(海洋構造物) 기초지반(基礎地盤)의 액상화(液狀化) 해석(解析)에는 많은 불확정(不確定) 요인(要因)이 있다. 대표적(代表的) 요인(要因)으로는 (1) 파랑(波浪)의 특정시간(特精時間) 문제(問題) (2) 작은 파랑(波浪)으로 인한 토질(土質)의 응력경력(應力經歷) 문제(問題) (3) 긴 주기(週期)로 인한 부분적(部分的) 배수(排水)의 발생문제(發生問題) 등(等)이다. 이러한 불확정성(不確定性)은 신뢰도(信賴度) 해석(解析)의 중요한 요소(要素)로서, 주어진 해양현장(海洋現場)에 대한 액상화(液狀化)의 가능성(可能性)을 추정(推定)하는데 사용(使用)된다. 개발(開發)된 모델을 이용해서 1973년(年) 북해(北海)에 설치된 Ekofisk 유류저장(油類貯藏) 탱크에 대해 해석(解析)한 결과(結果) 합리적(合理的)인 결과(結果)를 얻을 수 있었으며, 제안(提案)된 불확정(不確定) 요인(要因)중에 재압밀(再壓密)의 영향(影響)이 가장 큰 것으로 나타났다. 많은 문제(問題)들이 안전율개념(安全率槪念)에 의해 해석(解析)되어 왔으나 본(本) 연구(硏究)에서 개발(開發)된 신뢰도(信賴度) 모델은 여러 가지 불확실성(不確實性)을 고려할 수 있는 해석방법(解析方法)으로서 앞으로 새로운 해양구조물(海洋構造物)의 설계(設計)에 사용(使用)될 수 있다.