• 제목/요약/키워드: Recommended Substances

검색결과 92건 처리시간 0.02초

산업안전보건법에 의한 관리대상 유해물질 선정의 타당성 연구 (Study on the Validity of Selection of Hazardous Substances Requiring Management on Industrial Safety and Health Act)

  • 이권섭;조지훈;최진희;신현화;양정선
    • 한국산업보건학회지
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    • 제19권2호
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    • pp.139-152
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    • 2009
  • According to the third study on the distribution of chemical substances carried out by the Department of Environment in 2006, there were a total of 900 chemical substances whose respective annual usage amount exceeded 1,000 tons and, among them, 90 substances belonged to the 168 hazardous substances requiring management(53.6%). The work-related illnesses caused by hazardous substances requiring management in Korea between $1992{\sim}2005$ can be classified into four groups depending on the type of the chemical substances. These four groups are 23 organic substances including benzene, 12 metals including lead, 3 acids and bases including hydrogen chloride, and 6 gaseous substances including carbon monoxide. These hazardous substances requiring management were again classified depending on the threshold limit values. The chemicals whose TLV was lower than or equal to 0.005 ppm included 4 organic substances including methylene bisphenyl isocyanate and toluene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI). The chemicals whose TLV was larger than 51 ppm included 22 organic substances including diethyl ether and 1,2-dichloroethylene. When we classified these hazardous substances requiring management according to the categories of GHS health hazards, we found that isobutyl acetate and magnesium oxide didn't belong to the 13 health hazard categories. Among the substances whose TLV is set and whose annual usage amount is more than 0.1 million ton, we recommended 12 chemical species including 4,4'-Methylenedianiline as new hazardous substances requiring management. All the recommended substances were found to be hazardous when we classified their health hazards.

소아응급의료센터에 내원한 중독 환자의 입원 결정과 관련 있는 요인 분석 (Factor Analysis of Intoxicated Patients Disposition in Pediatric Emergency Department)

  • 이현정;조영순;장혜영;임훈;황보영
    • 대한임상독성학회지
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    • 제16권1호
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    • pp.15-24
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    • 2018
  • Purpose: This study was conducted to analyze the factors associated with intoxicated patient's disposition in the pediatric emergency department. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated pediatric intoxicated patients visiting the pediatric emergency department of a hospital between January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2013. Specifically, we analyzed the association between hospitalization recommended rate and the following variables: patient age group, symptoms, intentional poisoning, decontamination and toxic level of substance. Results: We collected data from 345 patients. A high incidence was noted in the 1-4 years of age group and 10-15 years of age group. Unintentional poisoning occurred in 306 patients (88.7%). A total of 115 patients (33.3%) had symptoms when visiting. Forty three patients (12.5%) ingested cleaning substances, which was the most common agent. Potentially-toxic level was the most common level of the substance. The hospitalization recommended rate associated with visits in 2011 was 2.5 times greater than in 2012 and 2013, decontamination was 2.0 times greater than no decontamination, and poisoning with potentially-toxic substances was 2.6 times greater than poisoning with other toxic substances. Additionally, the hospitalization recommended rate associated with symptomatic patients was 2.4 times greater than that of asymptomatic patients and intentional poisoning was 2.4 times greater than unintentional poisoning. Conclusion: Patients with decontamination, ingestion of potentially-toxic substances, symptoms and intentional poisoning had increased hospitalization rates. In addition, the hospitalization rate for patients who visited in 2011 was greater than that of patients who visited in 2012 or 2013.

우리나라의 유해물질 분류체계 및 관리방안 (Research on the Classification System of Hazardous Substances in Korea)

  • 김광종;최재욱;김현욱;이은영
    • 한국산업보건학회지
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    • 제9권1호
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    • pp.125-155
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    • 1999
  • The objectives of this study were (1) an investigation of the current status of the hazardous substances, (2) a comparative analysis of classification system of hazardous substances between Korea and other countries, (3) a development of the new classification system in Korea, finally a review of prerequisites for effective enforcement of the new system. The results are summarized as follows : 1) The backbone of classification system of hazardous substances in Korea is based on Japanese classification system and EC(European Committee) guideline of hazardous substance. There are many problems in managing and handling of hazardous substances due to discordant of Japanese and EC system. It is desirable to revise the classification system to be harmonized with international guideline for example, guideline of IFCS(The Inter-governmental Forum on Chemical Safety) and EC guideline. 2) There are several problems in definitions of corrosive, sensitizing and irritation in MSDS Code of Ministry of Labour. It is desirable to reform those definitions. 3) Among the hazardous substances under the current system, there are several substances such as, beta-propiolactone, methyl bromide, ethyleneimine, etc that are not used and produced in Korea. It is desirable to exclude the substances from the list of controlled substances. 4) The section 39, about 'substance that designated to attach warning label' in Korea Occupational Safety and Health Act(OSHAct) should be eliminated, because above section is unnecessary under the MSDS system. 5) The researchers recommend to establish a new list of hazardous substance which are controlled by OSHAct. It is desirable that the new list is consist of two types. The first type is 'a list of the specially controlled substances' and the other is 'the generally controlled substances'. 6) It is recommended that the specially controlled substances should include hazardous substances that are highly toxic and widely used in Korea. And the generally controlled substances should include hazardous substances that can be analysed by instrument and carry threshold. limit values(TLV's).

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실내용 공기청정기 유형별 실내환경개선 성능에 대한 비교평가 (Comparative Efficiency Evaluation of Air Cleaners for Improving Indoor Air Quality)

  • 나경호;손진석;성기준;장영기
    • 환경영향평가
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    • 제14권3호
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    • pp.109-115
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    • 2005
  • This study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of indoor air cleaners and to inform how to select them correctly to the users. The efficiencies of removing suspended bacteria per hour were $64.3{\pm}13.1%$ for filter, wet, and complex type, respectively, which showed the complex type was the most efficient. The removal efficiencies of formaldehyde (HCHO) after two hours operation of air cleaners showed 88.3% and 81.1% for filter and wet type, respectively. The efficiency of complex type, with removal rate of 55.5~58.4%, was decreased after 30 minutes operation. Therefore, it is recommended to perform over 60 minutes when doing air cleaner certification test for HCHO removal efficiency. Generally, air cleaners having low wind volume showed higher efficiency. All tested air cleaners had no potential for removing of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which is toxic substances, and it is desirable to develop a device which can control these substances. The results also confirmed that there was no ozone production from all tested air cleaners. And it is recommended to ventilate for 20 minutes every four hours to maintain 50% ventilation status.

메탄의 화재 및 폭발 위험성 평가 (Risk Assessment of Fire and Explosion of Methane)

  • 하동명
    • 한국가스학회지
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    • 제9권2호
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    • pp.1-7
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    • 2005
  • 가연성 물질의 안전한 취급, 저장, 수송, 조작 및 공정설계에 필요한 열화학적 파라미터로는 폭발한계, 인화점, 최소자연발화온도, 최소산소농도, 연소열 등을 들 수 있다. 특히 폭발한계와 최소자연발화온도는 가연성 물질의 화재 및 폭발 위험성을 결정하는데 중요한 특성으로 이용된다. LNG공정 안전을 위해 메탄의 폭발한계와 최소자연발화온도를 고찰하였다. 메탄의 폭발하한계와 상한계는 공기 중에서 각 각 4.8 vol$\%$와 16 vol$\%$를 추천하며, 최소자연발화온도는 전면 가열인 경우는 $540^{\circ}C$, 국소 고온표면인 경우는 약 $1000^{\circ}C$를 추천한다. 또한 메탄의 폭발한계 온도 및 압력의존성에 대한 새로운 예측식을 제시하였으며, 제시된 식에 의한 예측값은 문헌값과 일치하였다.

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우리나라의 화학물질 관리모델 개발: 세정용 유기용제를 중심으로 (Development of a Model for Managing Chemical Substances in Korea with Emphasis on Cleaning Solvents)

  • 노영만;김치년;김강윤;한진구;고원경;윤미연;박승현
    • 한국산업보건학회지
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    • 제10권1호
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    • pp.179-207
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    • 2000
  • Hazardous organic solvents management as prescribed by presidential decree in Korea is reviewed. The status of import, manufacture, and circulation of organic solvents was investigated. Problems inherent in the management of organic solvents in the electroplating, metal degreasing, and dry cleaning industries were discussed. The chemical substance management system in Korea was compared to those of foreign organizations. A walk-through check list was developed and then used to assess the actual conditions and potential hazards of chemical substances in these industries. The questionnaire could be used to develop a chemical management system and protect workers from hazardous substances. Based on the results of the site survey, MSDSs were not integrated appropriately into the workers education and were not readily accessible to employees. In the case of the dry cleaning industry, the new dry cleaning solvent used as a substitute includes a lot of potentially hazardous organic solvents. This research is preliminary. It is recommended that a national survey be performed to better identify the current situation. Because chemical substances are regulated by thirteen laws in seven executive branches, management systems often overlap, resulting in ineffective control. Using the above results, a model for managing chemical substances was developed. This will more efficiently provide MSDS information to workers covered by the presidential decree and allow the construction of a management system database for better cooperation with the executive branches in Korea.

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에틸렌의 화재 및 폭발 특성치의 분석적 평가 (An Analytical Evaluation of Fire and Explosion Characteristics of Ethylene)

  • 하동명
    • 한국화재소방학회논문지
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    • 제23권5호
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    • pp.50-56
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    • 2009
  • 폭발한계와 최소자연발화온도는 가연성 물질의 화재 및 폭발 위험성을 결정하는데 중요한 특성으로 이용된다. 에틸렌의 안전한 취급을 위해 에틸렌의 폭발한계와 최소자연발화온도를 고찰하였다. 에틸렌의 폭발하한계와 상한계는 공기 중에서 각 각 2.6vol%와 36vol%를 추천하며, 최소자연발화온도는 전면 가열인 경우는 $420^{\circ}C$, 국소 고온표면인 경우는 약 $800^{\circ}C$를 추천한다. 또한 에틸렌의 폭발한계의 온도 및 압력의 존성에 대한 새로운 예측식을 제시하였으며, 제시된 식에 의한 예측값은 문헌값과 일치하였다.

Nutritional Value of Rice Bran Fermented by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Humic Substances and Its Utilization as a Feed Ingredient for Broiler Chickens

  • Supriyati, Supriyati;Haryati, T.;Susanti, T.;Susana, I.W.R.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제28권2호
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    • pp.231-238
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    • 2015
  • An experiment was conducted to increase the quality of rice bran by fermentation using Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and humic substances and its utilization as a feed ingredient for broiler chickens. The experiment was carried out in two steps. First, the fermentation process was done using a completely randomized design in factorial with 16 treatments: i) Dosage of B.amyloliquefaciens ($2.10^8cfu/g$), 10 and 20 g/kg; ii) Graded levels of humic substances, 0, 100, 200, and 400 ppm; iii) Length of fermentation, three and five days. The results showed that the fermentation significantly (p<0.05) reduced crude fiber content. The recommended conditions for fermentation of rice bran: 20 g/kg dosage of inoculums B. amyloliquefaciens, 100 ppm level of humic substances and three days fermentation period. The second step was a feeding trial to evaluate the fermented rice bran (FRB) as a feed ingredient for broiler chickens. Three hundred and seventy-five one-day-old broiler chicks were randomly assigned into five treatment diets. Arrangement of the diets as follows: 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% level of FRB and the diets formulation based on equal amounts of energy and protein. The results showed that 15% inclusion of FRB in the diet provided the best bodyweight gain and feed conversion ratio (FCR) values. In conclusion, the nutrient content of rice bran improved after fermentation and the utilization of FRB as a feed ingredient for broiler chickens could be included up to 15% of the broiler diet.

Quantitative Exposure Assessment of Various Chemical Substances in a Wafer Fabrication Industry Facility

  • Park, Hyun-Hee;Jang, Jae-Kil;Shin, Jung-Ah
    • Safety and Health at Work
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    • 제2권1호
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    • pp.39-51
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    • 2011
  • Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate exposure levels of various chemicals used in wafer fabrication product lines in the semiconductor industry where work-related leukemia has occurred. Methods: The research focused on 9 representative wafer fabrication bays among a total of 25 bays in a semiconductor product line. We monitored the chemical substances categorized as human carcinogens with respect to leukemia as well as harmful chemicals used in the bays and substances with hematologic and reproductive toxicities to evaluate the overall health effect for semiconductor industry workers. With respect to monitoring, active and passive sampling techniques were introduced. Eight-hour long-term and 15-minute short-term sampling was conducted for the area as well as on personal samples. Results: The results of the measurements for each substance showed that benzene, toluene, xylene, n-butyl acetate, 2-methoxy-ethanol, 2-heptanone, ethylene glycol, sulfuric acid, and phosphoric acid were non-detectable (ND) in all samples. Arsine was either "ND" or it existed only in trace form in the bay air. The maximum exposure concentration of fluorides was approximately 0.17% of the Korea occupational exposure limits, with hydrofluoric acid at about 0.2%, hydrochloric acid 0.06%, nitric acid 0.05%, isopropyl alcohol 0.4%, and phosphine at about 2%. The maximum exposure concentration of propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA) was 0.0870 ppm, representing only 0.1% or less than the American Industrial Hygiene Association recommended standard (100 ppm). Conclusion: Benzene, a known human carcinogen for leukemia, and arsine, a hematologic toxin, were not detected in wafer fabrication sites in this study. Among reproductive toxic substances, n-butyl acetate was not detected, but fluorides and PGMEA existed in small amounts in the air. This investigation was focused on the air-borne chemical concentrations only in regular working conditions. Unconditional exposures during spills and/or maintenance tasks and by-product chemicals were not included. Supplementary studies might be required.

반려동물 학대 의심 폐사축에 대한 중독물질검사 연구 (Forensic analysis of toxic substances in fatalities with suspected companion animal cruelty)

  • 강정우;김아영;채현영;임한애;김선춘;구복경;이경현
    • 대한수의학회지
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    • 제63권3호
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    • pp.21.1-21.6
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    • 2023
  • The increasing prevalence of toxic substance-exposure in pets in South Korea endangers the health and safety of numerous companion animals, and has become a cause for concern. Notably, the annual incidence of forensic analysis in pets has increased by more than 150% in South Korea, mainly in populous regions such as Seoul, Incheon, and Gyeonggi. In response to this growing issue, veterinary forensic examinations were conducted on 549 dogs and cats from 2019 to 2022. This study revealed the presence of various toxic substances, including pesticides, insecticides, and drugs such as analgesics, anesthetics, antidepressants, and muscle relaxants, in pets. Among the 38 different toxins identified in pets, coumatetralyl, methomyl, terbufos, and buprofezin were the most frequently detected. In this study, toxic substances for pets were identified based on the "toxic agent list for humans," developed by the National Forensic Services, because no list of toxic agents for animals currently exists and data regarding potentially toxic substances for dogs and cats is limited. This is one of the limitations of this study, and necessitates the establishment of a toxic agent list for animals. Continued monitoring and research is also recommended to reveal the incidence, causes, and solutions of toxicity in animals.