• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.295-299
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• 2007

This paper presents the ASF(Additional Secondary Factor) modeling of DGPS beacon signal. In addition to DGPS's original purpose, the feasibility to utilize DGPS system for timing and navigation has been studied. For timing and navigation, the positioning system must know the accurate time delay of signal traveling from the transmitter to receiver. Then the delay can be used to compute the user position. The DGPS beacon signal transmits the data using medium frequency, which travels through the surface and cause the additional delay rather than the speed of light according to conductivities and elevations of the irregular terrain. We introduce the modeling of additional delay(ASF) and present the results of implementation. The similar approach is Locan-C. Loran-C has been widely used as the maritime location system and was enhanced to E-Loran(Enhanced Loran). E-Loran system uses the ASF estimation method and is able to provide the more precise location service. However there was rarely research on this area in Korea. Hence, we introduce the ASF and its estimation model. With the comparison of the same condition and data from the original Monteath model and ASF estimation data of Loran system respectively, we guarantee that the implementation is absolutely perfect. For further works, we're going to apply the ASF estimation model to Korean DGPS beacon system with the Korean terrain data.

• 전자공학회논문지S
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• 제35S권5호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1998

Satellite communication is getting more important in the coming 21st century because of its wide areas sevice capability, ease of access, and fast channel establishment. As such, satellite communication networks will be the basis of the global communication system in cooperation with the ground ATM networks. In this paper, we consider an efficient transmission methodology of ATM cells over the satellite communication channel. We first analyze possible bottlenecks and performance deterioration factors in the case, and then propose an enhanced cell trasmission mechanism. In order to use satellite channel for ATM cell transmission, the application of complicated channel coding is inevitable. However, the forwared error control such as convolutional encoding brings forth burst errors, which calls for the application of some kind of interleaving mechanism to randomize the burst errors at the receiver. Another aspect which should b econsidered in satellite communication system is the inherent transmission delay, which can be very considered in satellite communication system is te inherent transmission delay, which can be very critical to the delay-sensitive ATM traffic. Therefore, we propose that the processing delay at the block interleaving stage should be controlled propose a variable-size block interleaving mechanism which utilizes the predicted transmission delay for each traffic in the queues of the transmitter. According to the computer simulation, the proposed mechanism could improve the overall performance by drastically reducing the ATM cell drop rate owing to the excessive transmission delay.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.167-174
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• 2022

Vehicular Ad hoc Networks are considered as special kind of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. VANETs are a new emerging recently developed, advanced technology that allows a wide set of applications related to providing more safety on roads, more convenience for passengers, self-driven vehicles, and intelligent transportation systems (ITS). Delay Tolerant Networks (DTN) are networks that allow communication in the event of connection problems, such as delays, intermittent connections, high error rates, and so on. Moreover, these are used in areas that may not have end-to-end connectivity. The expansion from DTN to VANET resulted in Vehicle Delay Tolerant Networks (VDTN). In this approach, a vehicle stores and carries a message in its buffer, and when the opportunity arises, it forwards the message to another node. Carry-store-forward mechanisms, packets in VDTNs can be delivered to the destination without clear connection between the transmitter and the receiver. The primary goals of routing protocols in VDTNs is to maximize the probability of delivery ratio to the destination node, while minimizing the total end-to-end delay. DTNs are used in a variety of operating environments, including those that are subject to failures and interruptions, and those with high delay, such as vehicle ad hoc networks (VANETs). This paper discusses DTN routing protocols belonging to unicast delay tolerant position based. The comparison was implemented using the NS2 simulator. Simulation of the three DTN routing protocols GeOpps, GeoSpray, and MaxProp is recorded, and the results are presented.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.23-28
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• 2022

The eLoran system is a high-power terrestrial navigation system that is recognized as the most appropriate alternative to complement the GNSS's vulnerability to radio frequency interference. Accordingly, Korea has conducted eLoran technology development projects since 2016. The eLoran system developed in Korea provides 20 m positioning accuracy to maritime user in Incheon and Pyeongtaek harbor. To accurately calculate the position with the eLoran signal, it is necessary to apply a compensation method that mitigates the propagation delay. In this paper, we develop the compensation method to mitigate the eLoran signal propagation delay and evaluate the positioning performance in Incheon harbor. The propagation delay due to the terrain characteristics is pre-surveyed and stored in the user receiver. Real-time fluctuations in propagation delay compared to the pre-stored data are mitigated by the temporal correction generated at a nearby differential Loran station. Finally, two performance evaluation tests were performed to verify the positioning accuracy of the Korean eLoran system. The first test took place in December 2020 and the second in April 2021. As a result, the Korean eLoran service has been confirmed to provide 20 m location accuracy without GPS.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제41권11호
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• pp.1423-1430
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• 2016

무선 센서 네트워크의 MAC 프로토콜에 관한 연구는 동기식 MAC 프로토콜과 비동기식 MAC 프로토콜로 구분되어 활발한 연구가 진행되어 왔다. 특히, 비동기식 MAC 프로토콜은 각 노드들이 독립적인 Duty Cycle로 동작하기 때문에 송수신자 간의 동기를 맞추기 위한 알고리즘 연구가 필수적이다. 대표적으로 수신자 주도의 (Receiver-Initiated) MAC 프로토콜은 각 노드가 Wakeup 하자마자 전송하는 Beacon을 이용하여 송수신자 간의 동기를 맞추는 알고리즘이다. 하지만, 송신자가 언제 전송될지 모르는 수신자의 Beacon을 기다리면서 불필요한 에너지 소모가 발생하는 단점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 단점을 보완하기 위해 송수신자 사이의 최적의 중간 노드를 선정하여 성능을 향상시키는 MAC 프로토콜을 제안한다. 시뮬레이션 결과는 기존의 알고리즘 보다 에너지 효율을 향상시키고 전송 지연 시간이 감소되는 결과를 보인다.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.746-760
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• 1998

본 논문에서는 이동 위성 채널에서 트렐리스 부호화된 CPFSK 신호를 검파하는데 있어서 최적의 수신 방식인 MLSD 대신에 복잡도를 크게 줄이면서 MLSD와 거의 같은 성능을 얻는 적응 RSSD 수신 방식을 제안 한다. 제안된 앉줬D를 시변 채널인 이동 위성 채널에 적용하기 위해서는 채널의 상태를 추정해야 하는 문제 가 발생하며l 본 논문에서는 채널의 특성을 추정하는 방법으로 steepest desc에t 알고리틈을 이용하며I 보다 효율적인 채널 추정을 위해 symbol-aided방법이 사용된다. syr뼈ol-aided 방법은 신뢰성 있는 채널 추정을 위하여 송신단에서는 주기적으로 알고 있는 섬볼을 삽입한 후에, 수신단에서는 알고 있는 섬볼이 수신되면 비터비 프로세서는 임시 데이터 결정을 하여 채널 추정기로 보내는 방법이다. 이러한 임시 데이터 결정 방법 을 사용한 채널 추정기는 긴 결정 지연 시간올 이용한 방법보다도 이동 위성 채널에서 빠르고 신뢰성 있게 채널을 추정한다. 본 논문에서 제안한 적웅 RSSD 수신 방식은 적웅 MLSD에 대한 준최적 수신 방식임에도 불구하고 복잡도를 크게 줄이면서 이통 위성 채널을 빠르고 신뢰성 있게 추적한다.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.87-93
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 일반적인 코드분할 다중화 시스템을 위해 저자가 제안하였던 유사 역상관기를 변형하여 광대역 코드분할 다중화 시스템에 적합한 수신기를 설계하고, 백색 가우시안 채널 환경에서 성능을 분석하고 있다. 설계된 수신기에서는 판단변수에 포함되어 있는 다중사용자 간섭신호를 분석하여, 송신된 신호의 각 비트에 대응되는 상호상관행렬을 얻게 된다. 이 상호상관행렬을 역변환시킨 후, 기존의 수신기에서 얻어진 판단변수에 적용한다. 이렇게 해서 수신기의 성능을 향상시킬 수 있다. 제안된 수신기는 연속해서 3비트를 받은 후에 바로 검출과정을 수행할 수 있다는 잇점이 있다. 지연시간이나 반송파 위상 오차가 존재하는 상황에서 설계된 수신기의 성능변화를 백색 가우시안 채널에서의 여러 가지 시뮬레이션을 통해서 확인하였다. 그 결과 여기에서 제안한 수신기가 기존 수신기나, 병렬 간섭제거기에 비해 성능이 우수하다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.1510-1521
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• 1996

본 논문은 주파수 선택적 이동통신 채널에서 RAKE 수신기를 위한 IS-95 DS/CDMA 시스템의 코드동기 및 개선된 검파기법을 제안한다. DS/CDMA 시스템은 다경로 페이딩 성분을 극복하기 위하여 RAKE 수신기를 사용한다. RAKE 수신기의 성능을 극대화하기 위하여 각 RAKE 브랜치에 정확한 PN 코드 오프셋을 제공하여야 한다. 본 논문의 코드동기 알고리듬은 다경로 페이딩 채널에서 RAKE 브랜치를 위한 PN 코드의 오프셋을 추정하는 알고 리듬이다. Monte Carlo 방법을 적용하여 실험을 행하였고, 동기시스템의 성능을 평가하기 위하여 평가척도로 검파확률 및 평균동기시간을 사용하였다. 그리고 적분시간, 도플러 주파수, 처리이득, 사용자수가 동기시스템에 끼치는 영향을 연구 분석하였다.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.114-122
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• 2011

In this paper, we have identified the system instability factors in a bistatic radar system using pulse chasing and considered their effects on the bistatic receiver's MTI(Moving Target Indication) improvement performance. The pulse chasing is a method to efficiently scan a restricted search area within the limited transmitter power and time in a bistatic radar and to track a series of transmitted pulses using the receiver beam which has ideally matched to the pulse propagation rate. In this paper, we have discussed the interrelationship between the pulse chasing and time and frequency/phase synchronization and described the effects of the identified system instability factors on two kinds of MTI filter configuration, single delay-line and double delay-line, in the bistatic radar. And also, we have confirmed that the overall system improvement is restricted by a lower improvement factor among identified them, and discussed the allowable tolerance of the time and frequency/phase synchronization in the bistatic system.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.425-433
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• 2002

After the removal of SA (Selective Availability), horizontal accuracy of 25m(2dRMS) is easily obtained using GPS (Global Positioning System). In this paper, the error characteristics without SA are analyzed and a navigation algorithm concerns this error characteristics is proposed to further improve the accuracy. The proposed method utilizes the relationship between elevation angle and errors that are remained after ionospheric and troposheric delay compensation. The relationship is derived from real measurements and used as a weighting matrix of weighted least squares estimator. Furthermore, a RAIM (Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring) technique is included to remove abnormal measurements affected by multi-path or low SNR (Signal-to-Noise Ratio). It is shown that using the proposed method, more than 4 times accurate result, which is comparable with DGPS (Differential GPS), can be obtained from experiments with real data. Besides accuracy and reliability, the proposed method reduces large jumps in position and maintains better performance than a method using mask angle to completely remove satellites below this mask angle. Thus it is expected that the proposed method can be efficiently applied to land navigation where some satellites are blocked by building or forest.