• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.149-156
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• 2011

This paper reveals a distance estimation algorithm based on multi-code ultrasonic and wireless sensor network. For measuring the distances among the sensor nodes, each ultrasonic transmitter transmits multi-code ultrasonic signal simultaneously. Receivers use cross correlation method to separate the coded signals. The information of measured distances is broadcasted to each sensor node by wireless sensor network. The wireless sensor network measures the distance among the sensor nodes using the received signal strength of the broadcasting. The multi-code ultrasonic have a limitation of measurable distance. And the received signal strength is affected from an environment. This paper measures a distance using ultrasonic and a received signal strength in short range. These measured data are applied to the least square estimation algorithm. By the expansion of the fitting curve, a distance measurement in long range using the received signal strength is compensated. The coupled system reduce the error to an acceptable level.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.97-103
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• 2015

This paper investigates the effect of absorption loss by a human body to the received signal strength with respect to on-body transmitting antenna positions in on-to-off wireless body area networks. This investigation is based on measurement results obtained from experiments performed on human bodies (male and female) using planar inverted-F antennas in an anechoic chamber. The total absorption loss by the human body is also presented through the SEMCAD-X simulations. Our investigation showed that the received signal strength becomes lower when the transmitting antenna is mounted at a specific position where more absorption loss is experienced. The statistical analyses of on-to-off body channel characteristics based on the measurement results are presented.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.789-796
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• 2012

Fingerprinting is a widely used positioning technology for received signal strength (RSS) based wireless local area network (WLAN) positioning system. Though spatial RSS variation is the key factor of the positioning technology, temporal RSS variation needs to be considered for more accuracy. To deal with the spatial and temporal RSS characteristics within a unified framework, this paper proposes an extended signal propagation mode (ESPM) and a fingerprint generation method. The proposed spatiotemporal fingerprint generation method consists of two algorithms running in parallel; Kalman filtering at several measurement-sampling locations and Kriging to generate location fingerprints at dense reference locations. The two different algorithms are connected by the extended signal propagation model which describes the spatial and temporal measurement characteristics in one frame. An experiment demonstrates that the proposed method provides an improved positioning accuracy.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제11권9호
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• pp.4418-4437
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• 2017

In this paper a three-phase secure compressive sensing (CS) and received signal strength (RSS) based target localization approach is proposed to mitigate the effect of malicious node attack. RSS measurements are first arranged into a group of subsets where the same measurement can be included in multiple subsets. Intermediate target position estimates are then produced using individual subsets of RSS measurements and the CS technique. From the intermediate position estimates, the residual error vector and residual error square vector are formed. The least median of residual error square is utilized to define a verifier parameter. The selected residual error vector is utilized along with a threshold to determine whether a node or measurement is under attack. The final target positions are estimated by using only the attack-free measurements and the CS technique. Further, theoretical analysis is performed for parameter selection and computational complexity evaluation. Extensive simulation studies are carried out to demonstrate the advantage of the proposed CS-based secure localization approach over the existing algorithms.

• 정보처리학회논문지C
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• 제14C권7호
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• pp.603-610
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• 2007

이동 중인 사용자에게 연속성 있는 서비스 제공을 위해서는 효과적인 핸드오버 결정 기법이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 측정된 수신 신호 강도를 이용한 핸드오버 결정 방법의 성능을 늦은 통보와 오보율 측면에서 평가하기 위한 분석 모델을 제안한다. 제안 모델은 핸드오버 결정 기법의 성능에 영향을 미치는 사용자의 이동성, 핸드오버 프로토콜 메시지 교환 지연, 셀 크기 및 안정적인 수신 신호 강도 측정을 위한 수신 신호 강도 측정 주기를 모두 고려한다. 또한 본 논문에서는 제안한 분석 모델을 통해 각 인자들의 영향을 정량적으로 고찰하여 효과적인 고속 핸드오버 시작 시점 결정을 위한 연구 방향을 제시한다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.67-73
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 무선 센서 노드의 실내 위치 추적 시스템을 제안한다. 위치 추정에 사용하는 센서 값으로 RF 인터페이스의 수신 신호 강도 (RSSI)를 사용한다. 이동 노드를 부착한 사용자와 실내에 고정된 다수의 고정 노드의 신호 강도를 수신하여 사용자의 위치를 결정한다. 제안한 시스템은 측정에 의한 2.4GHz log-normal path loss 모델의 수신강도와 유클리드 거리 계산 방법과 신호 강도를 결합한다. 실험결과를 통해서 1.3m 이내의 오차로 위치를 추정함을 확인하였다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.45-61
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• 2010

In the communication channel, the received signal is affected by many factors that can cause errors. These effects mean that received signal strength (RSS) based methods incur more errors in measuring distance and consequently result in low precision in the location detection process. As one of the approaches to overcome these problems, we propose using direction calibration to improve the performance of the RSS-based method for distance measurement, and sequentially a weighted least squares (WLS) method using reliability factors in conjunction with a conventional RSS weighting matrix is proposed to solve an over-determined localization process. The proposed scheme focuses on the features of the RSS method to improve the performance, and these effects are proved by the simulation results.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.1449-1454
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• 2012

수신 신호 세기 (RSSI: Received signal strength indicator)는 아날로그-디지털 변환기 입력단에서 수신신호의 세기를 나타낸다. 통신시스템에서 수신 신호 세기는 수신단에서 채널의 상태를 결정하는데 사용된다. 본 논문에서는 핸드오버상에서 실측값을 바탕으로 한 수신 신호 세기의 이용에 대해 알아본다. 먼저 WAVE (Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments)라 일컫어지는 차량통신을 위한 5.9GHz 주파수대에서 RSSI값을 측정한다. 측정된 데이터를 바탕으로 하여 빠른 핸드오버 방식 적용을 위한 수신 신호 세기의 이용에 대해 논의하고, 실제 고속도로 환경에서 RSSI를 이용하여 핸드오버를 적용한다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.1295-1302
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 LVQ(Learning Vector Quantization) 네트워크를 이용한 수신 신호 세기(Received Signal Strength Indication) 기반 실내 위치인식 시스템을 제안하였다. 제안한 방식의 유용성을 확인하기 위하여 실험을 수행하였고, 일반적인 삼각측량 방법과 비교하였다. 실험실을 40개의 영역으로 나누고 6개의 고정 노드를 설치하였다. 무선 채널의 대수-정규 경로 손실 모델을 구성하고, 수신 신호 강도를 거리로 변환하였다. 변환한 정보를 LVQ의 입력으로 사용하였다. LVQ 네트워크의 학습을 위해 영역의 인덱스를 목표값으로 설정하였다. 실험을 통해서 최적의 서브클래스 개수를 결정하였고, LVQ 네트워크의 훈련을 통해서는 96%, 테스트를 통해서는 91%의 성능을 확인하였다.

• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2012

Based on the Zigbee-based wireless sensor network, I suggest the way to reduce errors between the short distance, improving the accuracy of the presumed distance by revising the deviation of RSSI(Received Signal Strength Indication) values is to estimate the distance using only the RF signal power without the additional hardware. In general, the graph measured by RSSI values shows the proximity values which are ideally reduced in proportion to the distance under the free outdoor space in which LOS(Line-Of-Sight) is guaranteed. However, if the result of the received RSSI values are each substituted to the formula, it can produce a larger margin of error and less accurate measurement since it is based upon the premise that this free space is not affected by reflected waves or obstacles caused by the ground and electronic jamming engendered by the environment. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to reduce the margin of errors between the distances and to measure the proximity values with the ideal type of graph by suggesting the way to revise the received RSSI values in the light of these reflected waves or obstacles and the electronic jamming. In conclusion, this study proves that errors are reduced by comparing the proposed deviation correction method to the revised RSSI value.