• 경영과학
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.1-11
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• 1996

Two different methods to extract the license plate area of a vehicle have been used for automatic recognition purposes. One method is with a color vision system and the other is with an edge detecting operator. The system with color vision has some problems if the colors of license plate and vehicle's body are similar. The various plate colors in Korea also drops the system performance. The edge detecting operator also has a problem for a real time processing since it performs on all pixels of the scene. In this paper a possible method using gray level vision system and available pre-known information of license plates is suggested. The suggested procedure searches the lower boundary of the plate by counting high contrast points between one and near pixel from the bottom line of the scene. It finds the upper boundary from the bottom line by adding number plate height after finding the lower boundary. The left and right boundaries are found by similar processes.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.119-128
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• 2011

In this paper, we studied into a qualitative research to see mathematical understanding of preschool and kindergarten's teachers such as feeling attitude, parents' concern, difficulty of math teaching in kindergarten field, teacher's role, type of feed back, beauty of math, relationship of real life, and self philosophy of math education. We selected 10 teachers whose career was 7~10 years. Because this research way is qualitative, we can new aspect that teacher want to break their ignorance for math. Moreover, they would like to learn about math practicality, application, and beauty from art in professional training. Therefore we assert that fusion math lecture would support in the professional training for teacher, preschool or kindergarten's president training, and remuneration training.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.139-147
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• 2009

When the visually impaired walks inside a building like corridor, a GPS cannot be useful for the walker in estimating his or her position unlike the case of outdoor space. This paper presents two novel methods to measure the walking distance using a low cost camera worn on the chest of the visually impaired. In the first method we analyze the periodic variation of image focusing values. Walking steps are counted by checking the period for the rough measure of the walking distance. The second method counts the step number by monitoring fixtures on the ceiling, which have a certain interval. Lamps on the ceiling appeared on the video are monitored in this paper. The T-S fuzzy theory is used to detect lamps, and the walking steps are estimated by the positional variation of the lamp due to the gait of the walker. The two methods are tested in real experiment, and the results are compared.

• 대한수학교육학회지:학교수학
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.205-222
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• 2002

In school mathematics, the negative numbers have been instructed using the intuitive models such as the number line model, the counting model, and inductive-extrapolation on the additionand multiplication and using inverse operation on the subtraction and division. Theseinstructions on the negative numbers did not present their formal nature and caused the difficulty for students to understand their operations because of the incomplete function of the intuitive models. In this study, we tried to improve such problems of the instructions of the negative numbers on the basis of the didactical phenomenological analysis. First of all, we analysed the nature of the negative numbers and the cognitive obstructions through the examination about the historic process of them. Second, we examined hew the nature of the negative numbers were analysed and described in mathematics. Third, we explored the improving directions for them on the ground of the didactical phenomenological analysis. In school mathematics, the rules of operations using the intuitive models of the negative numbers have been Instructed rather than approaching toward the nature of them. The negative numbers have been developed from the necessity to find the general solution of equations. The study tries to approach the operations instructions of the negative numbers formative]y to overcome the problems of those that are using the intuitive models and to reflect the formative Furthermore of the negative numbers. Furthermore, we examine the way of the instruction of the negative numbers in real context so that the algebraic feature and the real context should be Interactive.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.505-525
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to analyze teaching method of addition and subtraction of whole number in Korea and New Zealand lower grade textbook and to get some suggestive points to develop mathematics curriculum and for a qualitative improvement of textbook. To do this, we will analyze focusing on teaching material, type and method of teaching, cases of real teaching and in the case of New Zealand, we will analyze portfolios together to see what kind of things do they deal with related to addition and subtraction. From these analyzing, the results are as follows: First, the guideline of accomplishment of group of year are stated in 2009 revised curriculum in Korea but it is rough. On the other hand, the level of accomplishment from kindergarten to high school are stated divided by eight kinds of thing in New Zealand curriculum. Second, there were common and different points in the aspect of teaching material. The common points are that both of our Korea and New Zealand are using materials related to real life intimately and the diifferent points are to use technology such as calculator and computer. They are more widely used in New Zealand than our Korea. Third, Korea had used routine method mainly but New Zealand had used method to develop creativity of learner such as to write problem corresponding to expression, posing problem corresponding to information, to complete table and find pattern and to write word problem to explain pattern and so on. Fourth, we could see special calculation strategies in the case of teaching addition and subtraction such as concept of double, compensation, various strategy based on counting of number, addition of the same number, magic square, near-double which are not finding in our mathematics textbook. Fifth, in the New Zealand textbook they had used teaching methods inducing curiosity of learner such as finding message and puzzle problem than solving given problem simply.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.3-6
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• 2008

Electrical discharge machining (EDM) is one of the most widespread nonconventional machining processes. Recently, a low-power micro-EDM process was introduced using a cylindrical electrode. Since its development, micro-EDM has been applied effectively to micromachining, and because the device setup for this process is simple, it is suitable for a microfactory that minimizes machines to fabricate small products economically in one system. In the EDM process, however, the electrode is also removed along with the workpiece. Therefore, the electrode shape and length vary as machining progresses. In this paper, a control method using a high speed realtime voltage measurement is proposed to regulate the rate and amount of material removed. The proposed method is based on the assumption that the volume of the workpiece removed in a single discharge pulses is nearly constant. The discharge pulses are monitored and controlled to regulate the amount of material removed. For this purpose, we developed an algorithm and apparatus for counting the number of discharge pulses. Electrode wear compensation using pulse number information was applied to EDM milling in a microfactory, in which a slight tilt of the workpiece may occur. The proposed control method improves the machining quality and efficiency by eliminating the inaccuracies caused by electrode wear and workpiece tilt.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제15권11호
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• pp.2493-2499
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• 2011

나노 바이오산업의 발전과 더불어 세포 성장 과정에서 발견되는 세포의 이동, 분열, 통합, 아포토시스(apoptosis), 모양 변형, 세포들 간의 상호 작용 등을 포함하는 세포의 행동을 분석하기 위한 자동화된 시스템의 개발은 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 세포 배양 과정에서 광학현미경을 통해 얻은 세포의 실시간 이미지들의 변화/변형 과정을 2D 또는 3D 분석 하기위한 전처리 방법과 세포와 클러스터(둘 이상의 세포의 결합)를 자동 식별하기 위한 방법, 시간의 흐름에 따라 변화되는 세포와 클러스터의 개수를 계수하기 위한 방법을 제시한다. 제안된 방법들은 30분 간격으로 촬영한 3T3 세포 배양 이미지들을 이용하여 실험하였으며 세포 및 클러스터를 분류하고 각각의 개수를 자동계수한 결과 평균 99.8%의 정확도를 보여 주었다.

• 센서학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.237-241
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• 2018

The real-time enrichment and detection of pathogens are serious issues and rapidly evolving field of research because of the ability of these pathogens to cause infectious diseases. In general, bacterial detection is accomplished by conventional colony counting or by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) after DNA extraction. As colony counting requires considerable time to cultivate, PCR is an attractive method for rapid detection. A small number of pathogens can cause diseases. Hence, a pretreatment process, such as enrichment is essential for detecting bacteria in an actual environment. Thus, in this study, we developed a microfluidic chip capable of performing rapid enrichment of bacteria and the extraction of their genes. A lectin, i.e., Concanavalin A (ConA), which shows binding affinity to the surface of most bacteria, was coated on the surface of magnetic particles to nonspecifically capture bacteria. It was subsequently concentrated through magnetic forces in a microfluidic channel. To lyse the captured bacteria, magnetic particles were irradiated by a wavelength of 532nm. The photo-thermal effect on the particles was sufficient for extracting DNA, which was consequently utilized for the identification of bacteria. Our device will help monitor the existence of bacteria in various environmental situations such as water, air, and soil.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.341-348
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• 2016

미세조류는 대체에너지를 위한 생물자원 중 하나로 다양한 분야에서 관련된 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 미세조류의 상태를 분석하기 위한 방법으로는 계수법, 스크리닝법, 응집법 등이 사용되고 있는데, 이 중 응집법은 적조 제거제 연구, 미세조류 자원화 연구 등에 효과적으로 이용되고 있다. 미세조류의 응집 상태 분석에는 현재 분광광도법이 주로 사용되고 있는데, 이는 미세조류의 응집 상태를 광학밀도 계측을 통해 분석하는 방법으로 미세조류 계수법에 비해 소요되는 분석 시간은 작지만, 측정 결과의 오차가 상대적으로 큰 단점을 갖고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 단점을 개선하기 위해서 렌즈프리 그림자 이미징 기술을 이용하여 미세조류의 응집 현상을 실시간으로 분석하는 방법을 제안한다. 본 연구에서는 렌즈프리 그림자 이미지를 이용하여 단일 미세조류의 측정과 응집 미세조류 측정이 동시에 가능함을 현미경 이미지와의 비교를 통해 입증하였다. 또한, 해당 기술을 기반으로 미세조류의 응집 현상을 정량적으로 분석할 수 있는 세 가지의 그림자 파라미터(플록들의 개수, 플록들의 유효면적 및 최대크기 플록의 면적)를 제안하였다. 각 파라미터의 유효성은 응집 효율이 다른 응집제를 이용한 실험을 통해 시간에 따른 미세조류의 응집상태를 실시간으로 분석하여 입증할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.2363-2374
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• 2016

Communication occurs through verbal elements, which usually involve language, as well as non-verbal elements such as facial expressions, eye contact, and gestures. In particular, among these non-verbal elements, gestures are symbolic representations of physical, vocal, and emotional behaviors. This means that gestures can be signals toward a target or expressions of internal psychological processes, rather than simply movements of the body or hands. Moreover, gestures with such properties have been the focus of much research for a new interface in the NUI/NUX field. In this paper, we propose a method for recognizing the number of fingers and detecting the hand region based on the depth information and geometric features of the hand for application to an NUI/NUX. The hand region is detected by using depth information provided by the Kinect system, and the number of fingers is identified by comparing the distance between the contour and the center of the hand region. The contour is detected using the Suzuki85 algorithm, and the number of fingers is calculated by detecting the finger tips in a location at the maximum distance to compare the distances between three consecutive dots in the contour and the center point of the hand. The average recognition rate for the number of fingers is 98.6%, and the execution time is 0.065 ms for the algorithm used in the proposed method. Although this method is fast and its complexity is low, it shows a higher recognition rate and faster recognition speed than other methods. As an application example of the proposed method, this paper explains a Secret Door that recognizes a password by recognizing the number of fingers held up by a user.